refactor: 统一代理配置优先级链(key>provider>系统默认)并复用 HTTP 连接池

- 引入 resolve_proxy_param / build_proxy_client_kwargs 工具函数，统一
  httpx 客户端的代理+SSL+超时配置，替换各模块中零散的 get_ssl_context() 调用
- 所有涉及上游请求的模块（provider_query, usage replay, endpoint check,
  model fetch, OAuth, Vertex Auth, Gemini Files/Video 等）改用
  resolve_effective_proxy 按 key > provider > 系统默认优先级解析代理
- 流式请求改用 HTTPClientPool.get_upstream_client 复用连接池，移除各处
  http_client.aclose() 避免关闭共享客户端
- StreamProcessor._cleanup 不再关闭池中客户端，仅清理响应上下文
- 前端 EndpointFormDialog 增加 body_rules 帮助说明 Popover
- Mock handler 补充 OAuth 字段、endpoint extras 及新增 mock 路由

frontend/src/features/providers/components/EndpointFormDialog.vue

@@ -294,9 +294,71 @@
 
                     <div
                       v-if="getEndpointEditBodyRules(endpoint.id).length > 0"
-                      class="text-xs text-muted-foreground px-2"
+                      class="flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-muted-foreground px-2"
                     >
-                      <code class="bg-muted px-1 rounded">.</code> 嵌套字段 / <code class="bg-muted px-1 rounded">[N]</code> 数组索引；值为 JSON 格式
+                      <span><code class="bg-muted px-1 rounded">.</code> 嵌套字段 / <code class="bg-muted px-1 rounded">[N]</code> 数组索引；值为 JSON 格式</span>
+                      <div class="flex-1" />
+                      <Popover
+                        :open="bodyRuleHelpOpenEndpointId === endpoint.id"
+                        @update:open="(v: boolean) => setBodyRuleHelpOpen(endpoint.id, v)"
+                      >
+                        <PopoverTrigger as-child>
+                          <button
+                            type="button"
+                            class="shrink-0 h-6 w-6 inline-flex items-center justify-center rounded-md hover:bg-muted/60"
+                            title="规则说明"
+                            aria-label="规则说明"
+                          >
+                            <HelpCircle class="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-muted-foreground/60" />
+                          </button>
+                        </PopoverTrigger>
+                        <PopoverContent
+                          side="bottom"
+                          align="end"
+                          :side-offset="6"
+                          class="w-80 p-3 !z-[90]"
+                        >
+                          <div class="text-xs space-y-2">
+                            <div>
+                              <div class="font-medium mb-0.5">
+                                路径语法
+                              </div>
+                              <div class="text-muted-foreground">
+                                <code>metadata.user_id</code> 嵌套字段<br>
+                                <code>messages[0].content</code> 数组索引<br>
+                                <code>config\.v1.key</code> 转义点号
+                              </div>
+                            </div>
+                            <div>
+                              <div class="font-medium mb-0.5">
+                                值格式 (JSON)
+                              </div>
+                              <div class="text-muted-foreground">
+                                <code>123</code> 数字 / <code>"text"</code> 字符串 / <code>true</code> 布尔<br>
+                                <code>{"k":"v"}</code> 对象 / <code>[1,2]</code> 数组 / <code>null</code><br>
+                                <code v-pre>{{$original}}</code> 引用原值
+                              </div>
+                            </div>
+                            <div>
+                              <div class="font-medium mb-0.5">
+                                条件运算符
+                              </div>
+                              <div class="text-muted-foreground">
+                                <code>eq</code> <code>neq</code> 等于/不等于<br>
+                                <code>gt</code> <code>lt</code> <code>gte</code> <code>lte</code> 大小比较<br>
+                                <code>starts_with</code> <code>ends_with</code> <code>contains</code> 字符串匹配<br>
+                                <code>matches</code> 正则匹配<br>
+                                <code>exists</code> <code>not_exists</code> 字段存在性<br>
+                                <code>in</code> 在列表中（值填 <code>["a","b"]</code>）<br>
+                                <code>type_is</code> 类型判断（string/number/boolean/array/object/null）
+                              </div>
+                            </div>
+                            <div class="text-muted-foreground">
+                              规则按顺序执行，前面的修改对后续规则可见。
+                            </div>
+                          </div>
+                        </PopoverContent>
+                      </Popover>
                     </div>
 
                     <!-- 请求体规则列表 - 次要色边框 -->
@@ -338,6 +400,16 @@
                             </SelectItem>
                           </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
+                        <Button
+                          variant="ghost"
+                          size="icon"
+                          class="h-7 w-7 shrink-0"
+                          :class="rule.conditionEnabled ? 'text-primary' : ''"
+                          title="条件触发"
+                          @click="toggleBodyRuleCondition(endpoint.id, index)"
+                        >
+                          <Filter class="w-3 h-3" />
+                        </Button>
                         <template v-if="rule.action === 'set'">
                           <Input
                             :model-value="rule.path"
@@ -452,16 +524,6 @@
                             :title="getRegexPatternValidationTip(rule)"
                           />
                         </template>
-                        <Button
-                          variant="ghost"
-                          size="icon"
-                          class="h-7 w-7 shrink-0"
-                          :class="rule.conditionEnabled ? 'text-primary' : ''"
-                          title="条件触发"
-                          @click="toggleBodyRuleCondition(endpoint.id, index)"
-                        >
-                          <Filter class="w-3 h-3" />
-                        </Button>
                         <Button
                           variant="ghost"
                           size="icon"
@@ -664,8 +726,11 @@ import {
   Collapsible,
   CollapsibleTrigger,
   CollapsibleContent,
+  Popover,
+  PopoverTrigger,
+  PopoverContent,
 } from '@/components/ui'
-import { Settings, Trash2, Check, X, Power, ChevronRight, Plus, Shuffle, RotateCcw, Radio, CheckCircle, Save, Filter } from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import { Settings, Trash2, Check, X, Power, ChevronRight, Plus, Shuffle, RotateCcw, Radio, CheckCircle, Save, Filter, HelpCircle } from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import { useToast } from '@/composables/useToast'
 import { log } from '@/utils/logger'
 import AlertDialog from '@/components/common/AlertDialog.vue'
@@ -815,6 +880,13 @@ const endpointRulesExpanded = ref<Record<string, boolean>>({})
 // 请求体规则 Select 的展开状态
 const bodyRuleSelectOpen = ref<Record<string, boolean>>({})
 
+// 请求体规则说明 Popover 的展开状态
+const bodyRuleHelpOpenEndpointId = ref<string | null>(null)
+
+function setBodyRuleHelpOpen(endpointId: string, open: boolean) {
+  bodyRuleHelpOpenEndpointId.value = open ? endpointId : null
+}
+
 // 每个端点的编辑状态（内联编辑）
 const endpointEditStates = ref<Record<string, EndpointEditState>>({})
 
@@ -1783,6 +1855,7 @@ onMounted(() => {
 
 // 监听 props 变化
 watch(() => props.modelValue, (open) => {
+  bodyRuleHelpOpenEndpointId.value = null
   if (open) {
     localEndpoints.value = [...(props.endpoints || [])]
     // 清空编辑状态，重新从端点加载

frontend/src/mocks/handler.ts

@@ -416,18 +416,60 @@ const MOCK_ALIASES = [
   { id: 'alias-004', source_model: 'gemini-pro', target_global_model_id: 'gm-005', target_global_model_name: 'gemini-3-pro-preview', target_global_model_display_name: 'Gemini 3 Pro Preview', provider_id: null, provider_name: null, scope: 'global', mapping_type: 'alias', is_active: true, created_at: '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z', updated_at: '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z' }
 ]
 
+function normalizeApiFormat(apiFormat: string): string {
+  return apiFormat.toLowerCase().replace(/_/g, ':')
+}
+
+function getMockEndpointExtras(apiFormat: string) {
+  const normalizedFormat = normalizeApiFormat(apiFormat)
+  const extras: Record<string, any> = {}
+
+  if (normalizedFormat === 'claude:chat') {
+    extras.header_rules = [
+      { action: 'set', key: 'x-app-id', value: 'demo-app' },
+      { action: 'rename', from: 'x-client-id', to: 'x-client' },
+      { action: 'drop', key: 'x-debug' }
+    ]
+    extras.body_rules = [
+      { action: 'set', path: 'metadata.user_id', value: 'demo-user' },
+      { action: 'insert', path: 'messages', index: 0, value: { role: 'system', content: 'You are a helpful assistant.' } },
+      { action: 'regex_replace', path: 'messages[0].content', pattern: '\\s+', replacement: ' ', flags: 'm', condition: { path: 'metadata.source', op: 'eq', value: 'internal' } }
+    ]
+  } else if (normalizedFormat === 'openai:chat') {
+    extras.custom_path = '/v1/chat/completions'
+    extras.header_rules = [
+      { action: 'set', key: 'x-client', value: 'demo' }
+    ]
+    extras.format_acceptance_config = {
+      enabled: true,
+      accept_formats: ['openai:chat', 'claude:chat']
+    }
+    extras.config = { upstream_stream_policy: 'force_stream' }
+  } else if (normalizedFormat === 'openai:cli') {
+    extras.config = { upstream_stream_policy: 'force_non_stream' }
+  } else if (normalizedFormat === 'gemini:chat') {
+    extras.custom_path = '/v1beta/models/gemini-3-pro-preview:generateContent'
+    extras.body_rules = [
+      { action: 'drop', path: 'metadata.debug' }
+    ]
+  }
+
+  return extras
+}
+
+
 // Mock Endpoint Keys
 const MOCK_ENDPOINT_KEYS = [
-  { id: 'ekey-001', provider_id: 'provider-001', api_formats: ['claude:chat'], api_key_masked: 'sk-ant...abc1', name: 'Primary Key', rate_multiplier: 1.0, internal_priority: 1, health_score: 0.98, consecutive_failures: 0, request_count: 5000, success_count: 4950, error_count: 50, success_rate: 0.99, avg_response_time_ms: 1200, cache_ttl_minutes: 5, max_probe_interval_minutes: 32, is_active: true, created_at: '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString() },
-  { id: 'ekey-002', provider_id: 'provider-001', api_formats: ['claude:chat'], api_key_masked: 'sk-ant...def2', name: 'Backup Key', rate_multiplier: 1.0, internal_priority: 2, health_score: 0.95, consecutive_failures: 1, request_count: 2000, success_count: 1950, error_count: 50, success_rate: 0.975, avg_response_time_ms: 1350, cache_ttl_minutes: 5, max_probe_interval_minutes: 32, is_active: true, created_at: '2024-02-01T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString() },
-  { id: 'ekey-003', provider_id: 'provider-002', api_formats: ['openai:chat'], api_key_masked: 'sk-oai...ghi3', name: 'OpenAI Main', rate_multiplier: 1.0, internal_priority: 1, health_score: 0.97, consecutive_failures: 0, request_count: 3500, success_count: 3450, error_count: 50, success_rate: 0.986, avg_response_time_ms: 900, cache_ttl_minutes: 5, max_probe_interval_minutes: 32, is_active: true, created_at: '2024-01-15T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString() }
+  { id: 'ekey-001', provider_id: 'provider-001', api_formats: ['claude:chat'], api_key_masked: 'sk-ant...abc1', auth_type: 'api_key', name: 'Primary Key', rate_multiplier: 1.0, internal_priority: 1, health_score: 0.98, consecutive_failures: 0, request_count: 5000, success_count: 4950, error_count: 50, success_rate: 0.99, avg_response_time_ms: 1200, cache_ttl_minutes: 5, max_probe_interval_minutes: 32, is_active: true, created_at: '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString() },
+  { id: 'ekey-002', provider_id: 'provider-001', api_formats: ['claude:chat'], api_key_masked: 'sk-ant...def2', auth_type: 'api_key', name: 'Backup Key', rate_multiplier: 1.0, internal_priority: 2, health_score: 0.95, consecutive_failures: 1, request_count: 2000, success_count: 1950, error_count: 50, success_rate: 0.975, avg_response_time_ms: 1350, cache_ttl_minutes: 5, max_probe_interval_minutes: 32, is_active: true, created_at: '2024-02-01T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString() },
+  { id: 'ekey-003', provider_id: 'provider-002', api_formats: ['openai:chat'], api_key_masked: 'sk-oai...ghi3', auth_type: 'oauth', name: 'OpenAI OAuth', oauth_email: '[email protected]', oauth_expires_at: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + 6 * 3600, oauth_plan_type: 'pro', oauth_account_id: 'acct-demo-002', rate_multiplier: 1.0, internal_priority: 1, health_score: 0.97, consecutive_failures: 0, request_count: 3500, success_count: 3450, error_count: 50, success_rate: 0.986, avg_response_time_ms: 900, cache_ttl_minutes: 5, max_probe_interval_minutes: 32, is_active: true, created_at: '2024-01-15T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString() }
 ]
 
 // Mock Endpoints
 const MOCK_ENDPOINTS = [
-  { id: 'ep-001', provider_id: 'provider-001', provider_name: 'anthropic', api_format: 'claude:chat', base_url: 'https://api.anthropic.com', max_retries: 2, is_active: true, total_keys: 2, active_keys: 2, created_at: '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString() },
-  { id: 'ep-002', provider_id: 'provider-002', provider_name: 'openai', api_format: 'openai:chat', base_url: 'https://api.openai.com', max_retries: 2, is_active: true, total_keys: 1, active_keys: 1, created_at: '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString() },
-  { id: 'ep-003', provider_id: 'provider-003', provider_name: 'google', api_format: 'gemini:chat', base_url: 'https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com', max_retries: 2, is_active: true, total_keys: 1, active_keys: 1, created_at: '2024-01-15T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString() }
+  { id: 'ep-001', provider_id: 'provider-001', provider_name: 'anthropic', api_format: 'claude:chat', base_url: 'https://api.anthropic.com', max_retries: 2, is_active: true, total_keys: 2, active_keys: 2, created_at: '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString(), ...getMockEndpointExtras('claude:chat') },
+  { id: 'ep-002', provider_id: 'provider-002', provider_name: 'openai', api_format: 'openai:chat', base_url: 'https://api.openai.com', max_retries: 2, is_active: true, total_keys: 1, active_keys: 1, created_at: '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString(), ...getMockEndpointExtras('openai:chat') },
+  { id: 'ep-003', provider_id: 'provider-003', provider_name: 'google', api_format: 'gemini:chat', base_url: 'https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com', max_retries: 2, is_active: true, total_keys: 1, active_keys: 1, created_at: '2024-01-15T00:00:00Z', updated_at: new Date().toISOString(), ...getMockEndpointExtras('gemini:chat') }
 ]
 
 // Mock 能力定义
@@ -1212,21 +1254,24 @@ function generateMockEndpointsForProvider(providerId: string) {
   if (!provider || provider.api_formats.length === 0) return []
 
   return provider.api_formats.map((format, index) => {
+    const normalizedFormat = normalizeApiFormat(format)
     const healthDetail = provider.endpoint_health_details.find(h => h.api_format === format)
+    const baseUrl = normalizedFormat.includes('claude') ? 'https://api.anthropic.com' :
+      normalizedFormat.includes('openai') ? 'https://api.openai.com' :
+        'https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com'
     return {
       id: `ep-${providerId}-${index + 1}`,
       provider_id: providerId,
       provider_name: provider.name,
       api_format: format,
-      base_url: format.includes('claude') ? 'https://api.anthropic.com' :
-        format.includes('openai') ? 'https://api.openai.com' :
-          'https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com',
+      base_url: baseUrl,
       max_retries: 2,
       is_active: healthDetail?.is_active ?? true,
       total_keys: Math.ceil(Math.random() * 3) + 1,
       active_keys: Math.ceil(Math.random() * 2) + 1,
       created_at: provider.created_at,
-      updated_at: new Date().toISOString()
+      updated_at: new Date().toISOString(),
+      ...getMockEndpointExtras(normalizedFormat)
     }
   })
 }
@@ -1236,28 +1281,44 @@ const PROVIDER_KEYS_CACHE: Record<string, any[]> = {}
 function generateMockKeysForProvider(providerId: string, count: number = 2) {
   const provider = MOCK_PROVIDERS.find(p => p.id === providerId)
   const formats = provider?.api_formats || []
+  const nowSec = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000)
 
-  return Array.from({ length: count }, (_, i) => ({
-    id: `key-${providerId}-${i + 1}`,
-    provider_id: providerId,
-    api_formats: i === 0 ? formats : formats.slice(0, 1),
-    api_key_masked: `sk-***...${Math.random().toString(36).substring(2, 6)}`,
-    name: i === 0 ? 'Primary Key' : `Backup Key ${i}`,
-    rate_multiplier: 1.0,
-    internal_priority: i + 1,
-    health_score: 0.90 + Math.random() * 0.10,  // 0.90-1.00
-    consecutive_failures: Math.random() > 0.8 ? 1 : 0,
-    request_count: 1000 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 5000),
-    success_count: 950 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 4800),
-    error_count: Math.floor(Math.random() * 100),
-    success_rate: 0.95 + Math.random() * 0.04,  // 0.95-0.99
-    avg_response_time_ms: 800 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 600),
-    cache_ttl_minutes: 5,
-    max_probe_interval_minutes: 32,
-    is_active: true,
-    created_at: '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z',
-    updated_at: new Date().toISOString()
-  }))
+  return Array.from({ length: count }, (_, i) => {
+    const isOAuth = i === 1
+    const markInvalid = isOAuth && providerId.endsWith('3')
+    const oauthFields = isOAuth ? {
+      auth_type: 'oauth',
+      oauth_email: '[email protected]',
+      oauth_expires_at: markInvalid ? null : nowSec + 6 * 3600,
+      oauth_invalid_at: markInvalid ? nowSec - 3600 : null,
+      oauth_invalid_reason: markInvalid ? '[ACCOUNT_BLOCK] Demo verification required' : null,
+      oauth_plan_type: 'pro',
+      oauth_account_id: `acct-${providerId}`
+    } : { auth_type: 'api_key' }
+
+    return {
+      id: `key-${providerId}-${i + 1}`,
+      provider_id: providerId,
+      api_formats: i === 0 ? formats : formats.slice(0, 1),
+      api_key_masked: `sk-***...${Math.random().toString(36).substring(2, 6)}`,
+      name: i === 0 ? 'Primary Key' : `Backup Key ${i}`,
+      ...oauthFields,
+      rate_multiplier: 1.0,
+      internal_priority: i + 1,
+      health_score: 0.90 + Math.random() * 0.10,
+      consecutive_failures: Math.random() > 0.8 ? 1 : 0,
+      request_count: 1000 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 5000),
+      success_count: 950 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 4800),
+      error_count: Math.floor(Math.random() * 100),
+      success_rate: 0.95 + Math.random() * 0.04,
+      avg_response_time_ms: 800 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 600),
+      cache_ttl_minutes: 5,
+      max_probe_interval_minutes: 32,
+      is_active: true,
+      created_at: '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z',
+      updated_at: new Date().toISOString()
+    }
+  })
 }
 
 // 为 provider 生成 models
@@ -1492,6 +1553,7 @@ registerDynamicRoute('POST', '/api/admin/endpoints/providers/:providerId/keys',
     api_formats: body.api_formats || [],
     api_key_masked: masked,
     api_key_plain: null,
+    auth_type: body.auth_type || 'api_key',
     name: body.name || 'New Key',
     note: body.note,
     rate_multiplier: body.rate_multiplier ?? 1.0,
@@ -1522,6 +1584,102 @@ registerDynamicRoute('POST', '/api/admin/endpoints/providers/:providerId/keys',
   return createMockResponse(newKey)
 })
 
+registerDynamicRoute('POST', '/api/admin/endpoints/providers/:providerId/refresh-quota', async (_config, params) => {
+  await delay()
+  requireAdmin()
+  if (!PROVIDER_KEYS_CACHE[params.providerId]) {
+    PROVIDER_KEYS_CACHE[params.providerId] = generateMockKeysForProvider(params.providerId, 2)
+  }
+  const keys = PROVIDER_KEYS_CACHE[params.providerId] || []
+  const results = keys.map(key => ({
+    key_id: key.id,
+    key_name: key.name || key.id.slice(0, 8),
+    status: 'success',
+    metadata: { updated_at: new Date().toISOString() }
+  }))
+  return createMockResponse({
+    success: results.length,
+    failed: 0,
+    total: results.length,
+    results
+  })
+})
+
+registerDynamicRoute('POST', '/api/admin/provider-oauth/keys/:keyId/refresh', async (_config, params) => {
+  await delay()
+  requireAdmin()
+  return createMockResponse({
+    provider_type: 'codex',
+    expires_at: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + 6 * 3600,
+    has_refresh_token: true,
+    email: '[email protected]',
+    key_id: params.keyId
+  })
+})
+
+registerDynamicRoute('POST', '/api/admin/provider-oauth/providers/:providerId/start', async (_config, params) => {
+  await delay()
+  requireAdmin()
+  return createMockResponse({
+    authorization_url: `https://example.com/oauth/authorize?provider=${params.providerId}`,
+    redirect_uri: 'https://aether.local/oauth/callback',
+    provider_type: 'codex',
+    instructions: 'Open the authorization URL and paste the callback URL here.'
+  })
+})
+
+registerDynamicRoute('POST', '/api/admin/provider-oauth/providers/:providerId/complete', async (config, _params) => {
+  await delay()
+  requireAdmin()
+  const body = JSON.parse(config.data || '{}')
+  return createMockResponse({
+    key_id: `key-oauth-${Date.now()}`,
+    provider_type: 'codex',
+    expires_at: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + 24 * 3600,
+    has_refresh_token: true,
+    email: body.name ? `${body.name}@demo.dev` : '[email protected]'
+  })
+})
+
+registerDynamicRoute('POST', '/api/admin/provider-oauth/providers/:providerId/import-refresh-token', async (config, _params) => {
+  await delay()
+  requireAdmin()
+  const body = JSON.parse(config.data || '{}')
+  return createMockResponse({
+    key_id: `key-oauth-${Date.now()}`,
+    provider_type: 'codex',
+    expires_at: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + 24 * 3600,
+    has_refresh_token: true,
+    email: body.name ? `${body.name}@demo.dev` : '[email protected]'
+  })
+})
+
+registerDynamicRoute('POST', '/api/admin/provider-oauth/providers/:providerId/batch-import', async (config, _params) => {
+  await delay()
+  requireAdmin()
+  const body = JSON.parse(config.data || '{}')
+  const raw = typeof body.credentials === 'string' ? body.credentials.trim() : ''
+  const lines = raw ? raw.split('\n').filter(line => line.trim() && !line.trim().startsWith('#')) : []
+  const total = Math.max(Math.min(lines.length, 5), 2)
+  const results = []
+  for (let index = 0; index < total; index++) {
+    results.push({
+      index,
+      status: 'success',
+      key_id: `key-oauth-${Date.now()}-${index}`,
+      key_name: `Imported OAuth ${index + 1}`,
+      auth_method: 'oauth'
+    })
+  }
+  return createMockResponse({
+    total,
+    success: results.length,
+    failed: 0,
+    results
+  })
+})
+
+
 // Key 更新
 registerDynamicRoute('PUT', '/api/admin/endpoints/keys/:keyId', async (config, params) => {
   await delay()
@@ -1544,6 +1702,26 @@ registerDynamicRoute('GET', '/api/admin/endpoints/keys/:keyId/reveal', async (_c
   return createMockResponse({ api_key: 'sk-demo-reveal' })
 })
 
+registerDynamicRoute('GET', '/api/admin/endpoints/keys/:keyId/export', async (_config, params) => {
+  await delay()
+  requireAdmin()
+  return createMockResponse({
+    key_id: params.keyId,
+    provider_type: 'codex',
+    auth_method: 'oauth',
+    refresh_token: 'rt-demo',
+    email: '[email protected]',
+    exported_at: new Date().toISOString()
+  })
+})
+
+registerDynamicRoute('POST', '/api/admin/endpoints/keys/:keyId/clear-oauth-invalid', async (_config, params) => {
+  await delay()
+  requireAdmin()
+  return createMockResponse({ message: 'OAuth invalid cleared (demo)', key_id: params.keyId })
+})
+
+
 // Keys grouped by format
 mockHandlers['GET /api/admin/endpoints/keys/grouped-by-format'] = async () => {
   await delay()
@@ -1765,6 +1943,19 @@ registerDynamicRoute('GET', '/api/admin/endpoints/health/key/:keyId', async (_co
   })
 })
 
+registerDynamicRoute('PATCH', '/api/admin/endpoints/health/keys', async () => {
+  await delay()
+  requireAdmin()
+  return createMockResponse({
+    message: 'All key health recovered (demo)',
+    recovered_count: 2,
+    recovered_keys: [
+      { key_id: 'key-demo-1', key_name: 'Primary Key', endpoint_id: 'ep-demo-1' },
+      { key_id: 'key-demo-2', key_name: 'Backup Key', endpoint_id: 'ep-demo-2' }
+    ]
+  })
+})
+
 // 重置 Key Health
 registerDynamicRoute('PATCH', '/api/admin/endpoints/health/keys/:keyId', async (_config, params) => {
   await delay()

src/api/admin/endpoints/keys.py

@@ -202,7 +202,9 @@ async def clear_oauth_invalid(
     key.is_active = True
     db.commit()
 
-    logger.info("[OK] 手动清除 Key {}... 的 OAuth 失效标记并自动启用 (原因: {})", key_id[:8], old_reason)
+    logger.info(
+        "[OK] 手动清除 Key {}... 的 OAuth 失效标记并自动启用 (原因: {})", key_id[:8], old_reason
+    )
 
     return {"message": "已清除 OAuth 失效标记，Key 已自动启用"}
 
@@ -1256,7 +1258,6 @@ class AdminRefreshProviderQuotaAdapter(AdminApiAdapter):
         import httpx
 
         from src.api.handlers.base.request_builder import get_provider_auth
-        from src.utils.ssl_utils import get_ssl_context
 
         db = context.db
         provider = db.query(Provider).filter(Provider.id == self.provider_id).first()
@@ -1355,8 +1356,21 @@ class AdminRefreshProviderQuotaAdapter(AdminApiAdapter):
                     if oauth_account_id and oauth_plan_type and oauth_plan_type.lower() != "free":
                         headers["chatgpt-account-id"] = oauth_account_id
 
+                    # 解析代理配置（key 级别 > provider 级别 > 系统默认）
+                    from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import (
+                        build_proxy_client_kwargs,
+                        resolve_effective_proxy,
+                    )
+
+                    effective_proxy = resolve_effective_proxy(
+                        getattr(provider, "proxy", None),
+                        getattr(key, "proxy", None),
+                    )
+
                     # 使用 wham/usage API 获取限额信息
-                    async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=30.0, verify=get_ssl_context()) as client:
+                    async with httpx.AsyncClient(
+                        **build_proxy_client_kwargs(effective_proxy, timeout=30.0)
+                    ) as client:
                         response = await client.get(CODEX_WHAM_USAGE_URL, headers=headers)
 
                     if response.status_code != 200:
@@ -1421,13 +1435,19 @@ class AdminRefreshProviderQuotaAdapter(AdminApiAdapter):
                     from src.services.provider.adapters.antigravity.client import (
                         AntigravityAccountForbiddenException,
                     )
+                    from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import resolve_effective_proxy
+
+                    effective_proxy = resolve_effective_proxy(
+                        getattr(provider, "proxy", None),
+                        getattr(key, "proxy", None),
+                    )
 
                     fetch_ctx = UpstreamModelsFetchContext(
                         provider_type="antigravity",
                         api_key_value=access_token,
                         # antigravity fetcher 不依赖 endpoint mapping
                         format_to_endpoint={},
-                        proxy_config=getattr(provider, "proxy", None),
+                        proxy_config=effective_proxy,
                         auth_config=auth_info.decrypted_auth_config,
                     )
 
@@ -1530,8 +1550,13 @@ class AdminRefreshProviderQuotaAdapter(AdminApiAdapter):
                             "message": "无法解密 auth_config，可能是加密密钥已更改",
                         }
 
-                    # 获取代理配置
-                    proxy_config = getattr(provider, "proxy", None)
+                    # 获取代理配置（key 级别 > provider 级别）
+                    from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import resolve_effective_proxy
+
+                    proxy_config = resolve_effective_proxy(
+                        getattr(provider, "proxy", None),
+                        getattr(key, "proxy", None),
+                    )
 
                     # 调用 Kiro getUsageLimits API
                     try:
@@ -1578,7 +1603,9 @@ class AdminRefreshProviderQuotaAdapter(AdminApiAdapter):
                             key.oauth_invalid_reason = "Kiro Token 无效或已过期"
                             key.is_active = False
                             db.commit()
-                            logger.warning("[KIRO_QUOTA] Key {} Token 无效，已标记为异常并自动停用", key.id)
+                            logger.warning(
+                                "[KIRO_QUOTA] Key {} Token 无效，已标记为异常并自动停用", key.id
+                            )
                         return {
                             "key_id": key.id,
                             "key_name": key.name,

src/api/admin/provider_query.py

@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ from src.services.model.upstream_fetcher import (
     get_adapter_for_format,
 )
 from src.services.provider.oauth_token import resolve_oauth_access_token
+from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import resolve_effective_proxy, resolve_proxy_param
 from src.utils.auth_utils import get_current_user
-from src.utils.ssl_utils import get_ssl_context
 
 router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/admin/provider-query", tags=["Provider Query"])
 
@@ -110,9 +110,15 @@ class _KeyAuthError(Exception):
 async def _resolve_key_auth(
     api_key: Any,
     provider: Any,
+    provider_proxy_config: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
 ) -> tuple[str, dict[str, Any] | None]:
     """统一解析 Key 的 api_key_value 和 auth_config。
 
+    Args:
+        api_key: ProviderAPIKey 对象
+        provider: Provider 对象
+        provider_proxy_config: 已解析的有效代理配置（key > provider 级别）
+
     Returns:
         (api_key_value, auth_config)
 
@@ -135,7 +141,7 @@ async def _resolve_key_auth(
                     if getattr(api_key, "auth_config", None) is not None
                     else None
                 ),
-                provider_proxy_config=getattr(provider, "proxy", None),
+                provider_proxy_config=provider_proxy_config,
                 endpoint_api_format=endpoint_api_format,
             )
             api_key_value = resolved.access_token
@@ -267,7 +273,12 @@ async def query_available_models(
 
         # 缓存未命中或强制刷新，实时获取
         try:
-            api_key_value, auth_config = await _resolve_key_auth(api_key, provider)
+            effective_proxy = resolve_effective_proxy(
+                getattr(provider, "proxy", None), getattr(api_key, "proxy", None)
+            )
+            api_key_value, auth_config = await _resolve_key_auth(
+                api_key, provider, provider_proxy_config=effective_proxy
+            )
         except _KeyAuthError as e:
             return [], f"Key {api_key.name or api_key.id}: {e.message}", False
 
@@ -275,7 +286,7 @@ async def query_available_models(
             provider_type=str(getattr(provider, "provider_type", "") or ""),
             api_key_value=str(api_key_value or ""),
             format_to_endpoint=format_to_endpoint,
-            proxy_config=getattr(provider, "proxy", None),
+            proxy_config=effective_proxy,
             auth_config=auth_config,
         )
         models, errors, has_success, _meta = await fetch_models_for_key(
@@ -433,7 +444,12 @@ async def _fetch_models_antigravity_ordered(
 
         # 实时获取
         try:
-            api_key_value, auth_config = await _resolve_key_auth(api_key, provider)
+            effective_proxy = resolve_effective_proxy(
+                getattr(provider, "proxy", None), getattr(api_key, "proxy", None)
+            )
+            api_key_value, auth_config = await _resolve_key_auth(
+                api_key, provider, provider_proxy_config=effective_proxy
+            )
         except _KeyAuthError as e:
             all_errors.append(f"Key {key_label}: {e.message}")
             continue
@@ -442,7 +458,7 @@ async def _fetch_models_antigravity_ordered(
             provider_type=str(getattr(provider, "provider_type", "") or ""),
             api_key_value=str(api_key_value or ""),
             format_to_endpoint=format_to_endpoint,
-            proxy_config=getattr(provider, "proxy", None),
+            proxy_config=effective_proxy,
             auth_config=auth_config,
         )
         models, errors, has_success, _meta = await fetch_models_for_key(
@@ -528,7 +544,12 @@ async def _fetch_models_for_single_key(
 
     # 缓存未命中或强制刷新，实时获取
     try:
-        api_key_value, auth_config = await _resolve_key_auth(api_key, provider)
+        effective_proxy = resolve_effective_proxy(
+            getattr(provider, "proxy", None), getattr(api_key, "proxy", None)
+        )
+        api_key_value, auth_config = await _resolve_key_auth(
+            api_key, provider, provider_proxy_config=effective_proxy
+        )
     except _KeyAuthError as e:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=e.message)
 
@@ -536,7 +557,7 @@ async def _fetch_models_for_single_key(
         provider_type=str(getattr(provider, "provider_type", "") or ""),
         api_key_value=str(api_key_value or ""),
         format_to_endpoint=format_to_endpoint,
-        proxy_config=getattr(provider, "proxy", None),
+        proxy_config=effective_proxy,
         auth_config=auth_config,
     )
     all_models, errors, has_success, _meta = await fetch_models_for_key(
@@ -703,7 +724,9 @@ async def test_model(
                 encrypted_auth_config=(
                     str(api_key.auth_config) if getattr(api_key, "auth_config", None) else None
                 ),
-                provider_proxy_config=getattr(provider, "proxy", None),
+                provider_proxy_config=resolve_effective_proxy(
+                    getattr(provider, "proxy", None), getattr(api_key, "proxy", None)
+                ),
                 endpoint_api_format=str(getattr(endpoint, "api_format", "") or ""),
             )
             api_key_value = resolved.access_token
@@ -780,186 +803,187 @@ async def test_model(
         if header_rules:
             logger.debug(f"[test-model] 将传递 header_rules 给 check_endpoint: {header_rules}")
 
-        # 发送测试请求
-        async with httpx.AsyncClient(
-            timeout=endpoint_config["timeout"], verify=get_ssl_context()
-        ) as client:
-            logger.debug("[test-model] 开始端点测试...")
+        # 发送测试请求（使用代理配置）
+        test_proxy = resolve_effective_proxy(
+            getattr(provider, "proxy", None), getattr(api_key, "proxy", None)
+        )
+        test_proxy_param = resolve_proxy_param(test_proxy)
 
-            # Provider 上下文：auth_type 用于 OAuth 认证头处理，provider_type 用于特殊路由
-            p_type = str(getattr(provider, "provider_type", "") or "").lower()
+        logger.debug("[test-model] 开始端点测试...")
 
-            async def _do_check(req: dict) -> dict:
-                return await adapter_class.check_endpoint(
-                    client,
-                    endpoint_config["base_url"],
-                    endpoint_config["api_key"],
-                    req,
-                    extra_headers if extra_headers else None,
-                    body_rules=body_rules,
-                    header_rules=header_rules,
-                    db=db,
-                    user=current_user,
-                    provider_name=provider.name,
-                    provider_id=provider.id,
-                    api_key_id=endpoint_config.get("api_key_id"),
-                    model_name=request.model_name,
-                    auth_type=auth_type,
-                    provider_type=p_type if p_type else None,
-                    decrypted_auth_config=oauth_meta if oauth_meta else None,
-                )
+        # Provider 上下文：auth_type 用于 OAuth 认证头处理，provider_type 用于特殊路由
+        p_type = str(getattr(provider, "provider_type", "") or "").lower()
 
-            def _response_has_error(resp: dict) -> bool:
-                """快速判断响应是否包含错误"""
-                if "error" in resp:
-                    return True
-                if resp.get("status_code", 0) != 200:
-                    return True
-                resp_data = resp.get("response", {})
-                resp_body = resp_data.get("response_body", {})
-                parsed = resp_body
-                if isinstance(resp_body, str):
-                    try:
-                        parsed = json.loads(resp_body)
-                    except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError):
-                        pass
-                if isinstance(parsed, dict) and "error" in parsed:
-                    return True
-                return False
+        async def _do_check(req: dict) -> dict:
+            return await adapter_class.check_endpoint(
+                None,  # client 参数已不被 run_endpoint_check 使用
+                endpoint_config["base_url"],
+                endpoint_config["api_key"],
+                req,
+                extra_headers if extra_headers else None,
+                body_rules=body_rules,
+                header_rules=header_rules,
+                db=db,
+                user=current_user,
+                provider_name=provider.name,
+                provider_id=provider.id,
+                api_key_id=endpoint_config.get("api_key_id"),
+                model_name=request.model_name,
+                auth_type=auth_type,
+                provider_type=p_type if p_type else None,
+                decrypted_auth_config=oauth_meta if oauth_meta else None,
+                proxy_param=test_proxy_param,
+            )
 
-            # 策略：优先流式，若失败回退到非流式
-            used_stream = True
-            logger.debug("[test-model] 尝试流式请求...")
+        def _response_has_error(resp: dict) -> bool:
+            """快速判断响应是否包含错误"""
+            if "error" in resp:
+                return True
+            if resp.get("status_code", 0) != 200:
+                return True
+            resp_data = resp.get("response", {})
+            resp_body = resp_data.get("response_body", {})
+            parsed = resp_body
+            if isinstance(resp_body, str):
+                try:
+                    parsed = json.loads(resp_body)
+                except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError):
+                    pass
+            if isinstance(parsed, dict) and "error" in parsed:
+                return True
+            return False
+
+        # 策略：优先流式，若失败回退到非流式
+        used_stream = True
+        logger.debug("[test-model] 尝试流式请求...")
+        response = await _do_check(check_request)
+
+        if _response_has_error(response):
+            logger.info(
+                "[test-model] 流式请求失败 (status={})，回退到非流式请求",
+                response.get("status_code", "?"),
+            )
+            check_request["stream"] = False
+            used_stream = False
             response = await _do_check(check_request)
 
-            if _response_has_error(response):
-                logger.info(
-                    "[test-model] 流式请求失败 (status={})，回退到非流式请求",
-                    response.get("status_code", "?"),
-                )
-                check_request["stream"] = False
-                used_stream = False
-                response = await _do_check(check_request)
+        # 记录提供商返回信息
+        logger.debug("[test-model] 端点测试结果:")
+        logger.debug(f"[test-model] Status Code: {response.get('status_code')}")
+        logger.debug(f"[test-model] Response Headers: {response.get('headers', {})}")
+        response_data = response.get("response", {})
+        response_body = response_data.get("response_body", {})
+        logger.debug(f"[test-model] Response Data: {response_data}")
+        logger.debug(f"[test-model] Response Body: {response_body}")
+        # 尝试解析 response_body (通常是 JSON 字符串)
+        parsed_body = response_body
+        import json
 
-            # 记录提供商返回信息
-            logger.debug("[test-model] 端点测试结果:")
-            logger.debug(f"[test-model] Status Code: {response.get('status_code')}")
-            logger.debug(f"[test-model] Response Headers: {response.get('headers', {})}")
-            response_data = response.get("response", {})
-            response_body = response_data.get("response_body", {})
-            logger.debug(f"[test-model] Response Data: {response_data}")
-            logger.debug(f"[test-model] Response Body: {response_body}")
-            # 尝试解析 response_body (通常是 JSON 字符串)
-            parsed_body = response_body
-            import json
+        if isinstance(response_body, str):
+            try:
+                parsed_body = json.loads(response_body)
+            except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                pass
 
-            if isinstance(response_body, str):
-                try:
-                    parsed_body = json.loads(response_body)
-                except json.JSONDecodeError:
-                    pass
+        if isinstance(parsed_body, dict) and "error" in parsed_body:
+            error_obj = parsed_body["error"]
+            # 兼容 error 可能是字典或字符串的情况
+            if isinstance(error_obj, dict):
+                error_message = error_obj.get("message", "")
+                logger.debug(f"[test-model] Error Message: {error_message}")
 
-            if isinstance(parsed_body, dict) and "error" in parsed_body:
-                error_obj = parsed_body["error"]
-                # 兼容 error 可能是字典或字符串的情况
-                if isinstance(error_obj, dict):
-                    error_message = error_obj.get("message", "")
-                    logger.debug(f"[test-model] Error Message: {error_message}")
-
-                    # Antigravity 403 "verify your account" → 标记账号异常
-                    if (
-                        api_key
-                        and auth_type == "oauth"
-                        and error_obj.get("code") == 403
-                        and (
-                            "verify" in error_message.lower()
-                            or "permission" in str(error_obj.get("status", "")).lower()
-                        )
-                    ):
-                        from datetime import datetime, timezone
-
-                        from src.services.provider.oauth_token import (
-                            OAUTH_ACCOUNT_BLOCK_PREFIX,
-                        )
-
-                        api_key.oauth_invalid_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
-                        api_key.oauth_invalid_reason = (
-                            f"{OAUTH_ACCOUNT_BLOCK_PREFIX}Google 要求验证账号"
-                        )
-                        api_key.is_active = False
-                        db.commit()
-                        oauth_email = None
-                        if getattr(api_key, "auth_config", None):
-                            try:
-                                decrypted = crypto_service.decrypt(api_key.auth_config)
-                                parsed = json.loads(decrypted)
-                                if isinstance(parsed, dict):
-                                    email_val = parsed.get("email")
-                                    if isinstance(email_val, str) and email_val.strip():
-                                        oauth_email = email_val.strip()
-                            except Exception:
-                                oauth_email = None
-                        if oauth_email:
-                            logger.warning(
-                                "[test-model] Key {} (email={}) 因 403 verify 已标记为异常",
-                                api_key.id,
-                                oauth_email,
-                            )
-                        else:
-                            logger.warning(
-                                "[test-model] Key {} 因 403 verify 已标记为异常", api_key.id
-                            )
-
-                    raise HTTPException(
-                        status_code=500,
-                        detail=str(error_message)[:500] if error_message else "Provider error",
+                # Antigravity 403 "verify your account" → 标记账号异常
+                if (
+                    api_key
+                    and auth_type == "oauth"
+                    and error_obj.get("code") == 403
+                    and (
+                        "verify" in error_message.lower()
+                        or "permission" in str(error_obj.get("status", "")).lower()
                     )
-                else:
-                    logger.debug(f"[test-model] Error: {error_obj}")
-                    # error_obj 可能是字符串，截断以避免泄露过多上游信息
-                    raise HTTPException(
-                        status_code=500,
-                        detail=str(error_obj)[:500] if error_obj else "Provider error",
+                ):
+                    from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+                    from src.services.provider.oauth_token import (
+                        OAUTH_ACCOUNT_BLOCK_PREFIX,
                     )
-            elif "error" in response:
-                logger.debug(f"[test-model] Error: {response['error']}")
+
+                    api_key.oauth_invalid_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+                    api_key.oauth_invalid_reason = (
+                        f"{OAUTH_ACCOUNT_BLOCK_PREFIX}Google 要求验证账号"
+                    )
+                    api_key.is_active = False
+                    db.commit()
+                    oauth_email = None
+                    if getattr(api_key, "auth_config", None):
+                        try:
+                            decrypted = crypto_service.decrypt(api_key.auth_config)
+                            parsed = json.loads(decrypted)
+                            if isinstance(parsed, dict):
+                                email_val = parsed.get("email")
+                                if isinstance(email_val, str) and email_val.strip():
+                                    oauth_email = email_val.strip()
+                        except Exception:
+                            oauth_email = None
+                    if oauth_email:
+                        logger.warning(
+                            "[test-model] Key {} (email={}) 因 403 verify 已标记为异常",
+                            api_key.id,
+                            oauth_email,
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        logger.warning("[test-model] Key {} 因 403 verify 已标记为异常", api_key.id)
+
                 raise HTTPException(
                     status_code=500,
-                    detail=str(response["error"])[:500],
+                    detail=str(error_message)[:500] if error_message else "Provider error",
                 )
             else:
-                # 如果有选择或消息，记录内容预览
-                if isinstance(response_data, dict):
-                    if "choices" in response_data and response_data["choices"]:
-                        choice = response_data["choices"][0]
-                        if "message" in choice:
-                            content = choice["message"].get("content", "")
-                            logger.debug(f"[test-model] Content Preview: {content[:200]}...")
-                    elif "content" in response_data and response_data["content"]:
-                        content = str(response_data["content"])
+                logger.debug(f"[test-model] Error: {error_obj}")
+                # error_obj 可能是字符串，截断以避免泄露过多上游信息
+                raise HTTPException(
+                    status_code=500,
+                    detail=str(error_obj)[:500] if error_obj else "Provider error",
+                )
+        elif "error" in response:
+            logger.debug(f"[test-model] Error: {response['error']}")
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=500,
+                detail=str(response["error"])[:500],
+            )
+        else:
+            # 如果有选择或消息，记录内容预览
+            if isinstance(response_data, dict):
+                if "choices" in response_data and response_data["choices"]:
+                    choice = response_data["choices"][0]
+                    if "message" in choice:
+                        content = choice["message"].get("content", "")
                         logger.debug(f"[test-model] Content Preview: {content[:200]}...")
+                elif "content" in response_data and response_data["content"]:
+                    content = str(response_data["content"])
+                    logger.debug(f"[test-model] Content Preview: {content[:200]}...")
 
-            # 检查测试是否成功（基于HTTP状态码）
-            status_code = response.get("status_code", 0)
-            is_success = status_code == 200 and "error" not in response
+        # 检查测试是否成功（基于HTTP状态码）
+        status_code = response.get("status_code", 0)
+        is_success = status_code == 200 and "error" not in response
 
-            return {
-                "success": is_success,
-                "data": {
-                    "stream": used_stream,
-                    "response": response,
-                },
-                "provider": {
-                    "id": provider.id,
-                    "name": provider.name,
-                },
-                "model": request.model_name,
-                "endpoint": {
-                    "id": endpoint.id,
-                    "api_format": endpoint.api_format,
-                    "base_url": endpoint.base_url,
-                },
-            }
+        return {
+            "success": is_success,
+            "data": {
+                "stream": used_stream,
+                "response": response,
+            },
+            "provider": {
+                "id": provider.id,
+                "name": provider.name,
+            },
+            "model": request.model_name,
+            "endpoint": {
+                "id": endpoint.id,
+                "api_format": endpoint.api_format,
+                "base_url": endpoint.base_url,
+            },
+        }
 
     except Exception as e:
         logger.error(f"[test-model] Error testing model {request.model_name}: {e}")

src/api/admin/usage/routes.py

@@ -1475,6 +1475,7 @@ async def _resolve_provider_auth(
 
     if auth_type == "oauth":
         from src.services.provider.oauth_token import resolve_oauth_access_token
+        from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import resolve_effective_proxy
 
         # 获取 Provider 对象以读取 proxy 和 provider_type
         provider_obj = db.query(Provider).filter(Provider.id == provider_key.provider_id).first()
@@ -1495,7 +1496,14 @@ async def _resolve_provider_auth(
                 if getattr(provider_key, "auth_config", None) is not None
                 else None
             ),
-            provider_proxy_config=getattr(provider_obj, "proxy", None) if provider_obj else None,
+            provider_proxy_config=(
+                resolve_effective_proxy(
+                    getattr(provider_obj, "proxy", None),
+                    getattr(provider_key, "proxy", None),
+                )
+                if provider_obj
+                else None
+            ),
             endpoint_api_format=ep_format,
         )
         access_token = resolved.access_token or ""
@@ -1784,12 +1792,25 @@ class AdminUsageReplayAdapter(AdminApiAdapter):
 
         # 发送请求
         try:
-            from src.utils.ssl_utils import get_ssl_context
+            from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import (
+                build_proxy_client_kwargs,
+                resolve_effective_proxy,
+            )
+
+            # 解析代理（key > provider > 系统默认）
+            replay_provider = (
+                db.query(Provider).filter(Provider.id == endpoint.provider_id).first()
+                if endpoint
+                else None
+            )
+            eff_proxy = resolve_effective_proxy(
+                getattr(replay_provider, "proxy", None) if replay_provider else None,
+                getattr(provider_key, "proxy", None) if provider_key else None,
+            )
 
             start_time = time.monotonic()
             async with httpx.AsyncClient(
-                timeout=60.0,
-                verify=get_ssl_context(),
+                **build_proxy_client_kwargs(eff_proxy, timeout=60.0)
             ) as client:
                 response = await client.post(
                     url,

src/api/handlers/base/chat_adapter_base.py

@@ -638,6 +638,8 @@ class ChatAdapterBase(ApiAdapter):
         auth_type: str | None = None,  # noqa: ARG003
         provider_type: str | None = None,  # noqa: ARG003
         decrypted_auth_config: dict[str, Any] | None = None,  # noqa: ARG003
+        # 代理参数（已解析，直接传递给 run_endpoint_check）
+        proxy_param: Any | None = None,
     ) -> dict[str, Any]:
         """
         测试模型连接性（非流式）
@@ -700,6 +702,7 @@ class ChatAdapterBase(ApiAdapter):
             provider_id=provider_id,
             api_key_id=api_key_id,
             model_name=model_name or request_data.get("model"),
+            proxy_param=proxy_param,
         )
 
 

src/api/handlers/base/chat_handler_base.py

@@ -1130,27 +1130,18 @@ class ChatHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler, ABC):
 
             return _streamified()
 
-        # 配置 HTTP 超时
-        # 注意：read timeout 用于检测连接断开，不是整体请求超时
-        # 整体请求超时由 asyncio.wait_for 控制，使用全局配置
-        timeout_config = httpx.Timeout(
-            connect=config.http_connect_timeout,
-            read=config.http_read_timeout,  # 使用全局配置，用于检测连接断开
-            write=config.http_write_timeout,
-            pool=config.http_pool_timeout,
-        )
-
         # 流式请求使用 stream_first_byte_timeout 作为首字节超时
         # 优先使用 Provider 配置，否则使用全局配置
         request_timeout = provider.stream_first_byte_timeout or config.stream_first_byte_timeout
 
-        # 创建 HTTP 客户端（支持代理配置，Key 级别优先于 Provider 级别）
+        # 获取 HTTP 客户端（支持代理配置，Key 级别优先于 Provider 级别）
+        # 使用连接池复用客户端，避免每次流式请求都新建 TCP/TLS 连接
         from src.clients.http_client import HTTPClientPool
         from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import build_stream_kwargs, resolve_delegate_config
 
         delegate_cfg = resolve_delegate_config(effective_proxy)
-        http_client = HTTPClientPool.create_upstream_stream_client(
-            delegate_cfg, proxy_config=effective_proxy, timeout=timeout_config
+        http_client = await HTTPClientPool.get_upstream_client(
+            delegate_cfg, proxy_config=effective_proxy
         )
 
         # 用于存储内部函数的结果（必须在函数定义前声明，供 nonlocal 使用）
@@ -1214,13 +1205,12 @@ class ChatHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler, ABC):
                 break
 
             except ClientDisconnectedException:
-                # 客户端断开连接，清理资源
+                # 客户端断开连接，清理响应上下文（不关闭池中复用的客户端）
                 if response_ctx is not None:
                     try:
                         await response_ctx.__aexit__(None, None, None)
                     except Exception:
                         pass
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 logger.warning(f"  [{self.request_id}] 客户端在等待首字节时断开连接")
                 ctx.status_code = 499
                 ctx.error_message = "client_disconnected_during_prefetch"
@@ -1228,13 +1218,12 @@ class ChatHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler, ABC):
 
             except TimeoutError:
                 # 整体请求超时（建立连接 + 获取首字节）
-                # 清理可能已建立的连接上下文
+                # 清理可能已建立的连接上下文（不关闭池中复用的客户端）
                 if response_ctx is not None:
                     try:
                         await response_ctx.__aexit__(None, None, None)
                     except Exception:
                         pass
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 logger.warning(
                     f"  [{self.request_id}] 请求超时: Provider={provider.name}, timeout={request_timeout}s"
                 )
@@ -1244,13 +1233,12 @@ class ChatHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler, ABC):
                 )
 
             except (httpx.ConnectError, httpx.ConnectTimeout, httpx.TimeoutException) as e:
-                # 连接/读写超时：清理可能已建立的连接上下文
+                # 连接/读写超时：清理可能已建立的连接上下文（不关闭池中复用的客户端）
                 if response_ctx is not None:
                     try:
                         await response_ctx.__aexit__(None, None, None)
                     except Exception:
                         pass
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 if envelope:
                     envelope.on_connection_error(base_url=ctx.selected_base_url, exc=e)
                     if ctx.selected_base_url:
@@ -1289,7 +1277,6 @@ class ChatHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler, ABC):
                 logger.error(
                     f"Provider 返回错误: {e.response.status_code}\n  Response: {error_text}"
                 )
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 # 将上游错误信息附加到异常，以便故障转移时能够返回给客户端
                 e.upstream_response = error_text  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
                 raise
@@ -1300,11 +1287,9 @@ class ChatHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler, ABC):
                         await response_ctx.__aexit__(None, None, None)
                 except Exception:
                     pass
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 raise
 
             except Exception:
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 raise
 
         # 类型断言：成功执行后这些变量不会为 None
@@ -1317,7 +1302,6 @@ class ChatHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler, ABC):
             ctx,
             byte_iterator,
             response_ctx,
-            http_client,
             prefetched_chunks,
             start_time=self.start_time,
         )

src/api/handlers/base/cli_adapter_base.py

@@ -604,6 +604,8 @@ class CliAdapterBase(ApiAdapter):
         auth_type: str | None = None,
         provider_type: str | None = None,
         decrypted_auth_config: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        # 代理参数（已解析，直接传递给 run_endpoint_check）
+        proxy_param: Any | None = None,
     ) -> dict[str, Any]:
         """
         测试模型连接性（非流式）
@@ -779,6 +781,7 @@ class CliAdapterBase(ApiAdapter):
             provider_id=provider_id,
             api_key_id=api_key_id,
             model_name=effective_model_name,
+            proxy_param=proxy_param,
         )
 
     # =========================================================================

src/api/handlers/base/cli_handler_base.py

@@ -1092,16 +1092,6 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
 
             return _streamified()
 
-        # 配置 HTTP 超时
-        # 注意：read timeout 用于检测连接断开，不是整体请求超时
-        # 整体请求超时由 _connect_and_prefetch 内部的 asyncio.wait_for 控制
-        timeout_config = httpx.Timeout(
-            connect=config.http_connect_timeout,
-            read=config.http_read_timeout,  # 使用全局配置，用于检测连接断开
-            write=config.http_write_timeout,
-            pool=config.http_pool_timeout,
-        )
-
         # 流式请求使用 stream_first_byte_timeout 作为首字节超时
         # 优先使用 Provider 配置，否则使用全局配置
         request_timeout = provider.stream_first_byte_timeout or config.stream_first_byte_timeout
@@ -1116,13 +1106,14 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
             f"timeout={request_timeout}s, 代理={_proxy_label}"
         )
 
-        # 创建 HTTP 客户端（支持代理配置，Key 级别优先于 Provider 级别）
+        # 获取 HTTP 客户端（支持代理配置，Key 级别优先于 Provider 级别）
+        # 使用连接池复用客户端，避免每次流式请求都新建 TCP/TLS 连接
         from src.clients.http_client import HTTPClientPool
         from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import build_stream_kwargs, resolve_delegate_config
 
         delegate_cfg = resolve_delegate_config(effective_proxy)
-        http_client = HTTPClientPool.create_upstream_stream_client(
-            delegate_cfg, proxy_config=effective_proxy, timeout=timeout_config
+        http_client = await HTTPClientPool.get_upstream_client(
+            delegate_cfg, proxy_config=effective_proxy
         )
 
         # 用于存储内部函数的结果（必须在函数定义前声明，供 nonlocal 使用）
@@ -1188,7 +1179,7 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
 
             except TimeoutError as e:
                 # 整体请求超时（建立连接 + 获取首字节）
-                # 清理可能已建立的连接上下文
+                # 清理可能已建立的连接上下文（不关闭池中复用的客户端）
                 if response_ctx is not None:
                     try:
                         await response_ctx.__aexit__(None, None, None)
@@ -1196,7 +1187,6 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
                         pass
                 if envelope:
                     envelope.on_connection_error(base_url=ctx.selected_base_url, exc=e)
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 logger.warning(
                     f"  [{self.request_id}] 请求超时: Provider={provider.name}, timeout={request_timeout}s"
                 )
@@ -1206,13 +1196,12 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
                 )
 
             except ClientDisconnectedException:
-                # 客户端断开连接，清理资源
+                # 客户端断开连接，清理响应上下文（不关闭池中复用的客户端）
                 if response_ctx is not None:
                     try:
                         await response_ctx.__aexit__(None, None, None)
                     except Exception:
                         pass
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 logger.warning(f"  [{self.request_id}] 客户端在等待首字节时断开连接")
                 ctx.status_code = 499
                 ctx.error_message = "client_disconnected_during_prefetch"
@@ -1225,7 +1214,6 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
                         logger.warning(
                             f"[{envelope.name}] Connection error: {ctx.selected_base_url} ({e})"
                         )
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 raise
 
             except httpx.HTTPStatusError as e:
@@ -1258,23 +1246,20 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
                 logger.error(
                     f"Provider 返回错误状态: {e.response.status_code}\n  Response: {error_text}"
                 )
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 # 将上游错误信息附加到异常，以便故障转移时能够返回给客户端
                 e.upstream_response = error_text  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
                 raise
 
             except EmbeddedErrorException:
-                # 嵌套错误需要触发重试，关闭连接后重新抛出
+                # 嵌套错误需要触发重试，关闭连接上下文后重新抛出
                 try:
                     if response_ctx is not None:
                         await response_ctx.__aexit__(None, None, None)
                 except Exception:
                     pass
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 raise
 
             except Exception:
-                await http_client.aclose()
                 raise
 
         # 类型断言：成功执行后这些变量不会为 None
@@ -1287,7 +1272,6 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
             ctx,
             byte_iterator,
             response_ctx,
-            http_client,
             prefetched_chunks,
         )
 
@@ -1296,7 +1280,6 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
         ctx: StreamContext,
         stream_response: httpx.Response,
         response_ctx: Any,
-        http_client: httpx.AsyncClient,
     ) -> AsyncGenerator[bytes]:
         """创建响应流生成器（使用字节流）"""
         try:
@@ -1512,10 +1495,6 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
                 await response_ctx.__aexit__(None, None, None)
             except Exception:
                 pass
-            try:
-                await http_client.aclose()
-            except Exception:
-                pass
 
     def _flush_remaining_sse_data(
         self,
@@ -1813,7 +1792,6 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
         ctx: StreamContext,
         byte_iterator: Any,
         response_ctx: Any,
-        http_client: httpx.AsyncClient,
         prefetched_chunks: list,
     ) -> AsyncGenerator[bytes]:
         """创建响应流生成器（带预读数据，使用字节流）"""
@@ -2089,10 +2067,6 @@ class CliMessageHandlerBase(BaseMessageHandler):
                 await response_ctx.__aexit__(None, None, None)
             except Exception:
                 pass
-            try:
-                await http_client.aclose()
-            except Exception:
-                pass
 
     def _handle_sse_event(
         self,

src/api/handlers/base/endpoint_checker.py

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ async def run_endpoint_check(
     provider_id: str | None = None,
     db: Any | None = None,  # Session对象，需要时才导入
     user: Any | None = None,  # User对象
+    proxy_param: Any | None = None,  # httpx 可接受的代理参数
 ) -> dict[str, Any]:
     """
     执行端点检查（重构版本，使用新的架构）：
@@ -94,6 +95,7 @@ async def run_endpoint_check(
         db=db,
         user=user,
         request_id=str(uuid.uuid4())[:8],
+        proxy_param=proxy_param,
     )
 
     # 使用协调器执行检查
@@ -565,6 +567,7 @@ class EndpointCheckRequest:
     user: Any | None = None
     request_id: str | None = None
     timeout: float = 30.0
+    proxy_param: Any | None = None  # httpx 可接受的代理参数
 
 
 @dataclass
@@ -595,7 +598,21 @@ class HttpRequestExecutor:
         is_stream = request.json_body.get("stream", False) if request.json_body else False
 
         try:
-            async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=self.timeout, verify=get_ssl_context()) as client:
+            from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import build_proxy_client_kwargs
+
+            if request.proxy_param is not None:
+                # 调用方已提供解析好的代理参数，直接使用（跳过系统默认回退）
+                client_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {
+                    "timeout": self.timeout,
+                    "verify": get_ssl_context(),
+                }
+                if request.proxy_param:
+                    client_kwargs["proxy"] = request.proxy_param
+            else:
+                # 未提供代理参数，通过 build_proxy_client_kwargs 统一解析（含系统默认回退）
+                client_kwargs = build_proxy_client_kwargs(timeout=self.timeout)
+
+            async with httpx.AsyncClient(**client_kwargs) as client:
                 if is_stream:
                     # 流式请求：读取 SSE 事件直到完成
                     response_data = await self._execute_stream_request(client, request)

src/api/handlers/base/stream_processor.py

@@ -575,7 +575,6 @@ class StreamProcessor:
         ctx: StreamContext,
         byte_iterator: Any,
         response_ctx: Any,
-        http_client: httpx.AsyncClient,
         prefetched_chunks: list | None = None,
         *,
         start_time: float | None = None,
@@ -589,7 +588,6 @@ class StreamProcessor:
             ctx: 流式上下文
             byte_iterator: 字节流迭代器
             response_ctx: HTTP 响应上下文管理器
-            http_client: HTTP 客户端
             prefetched_chunks: 预读的字节块列表（可选）
             start_time: 请求开始时间,用于计算 TTFB（可选）
 
@@ -867,7 +865,11 @@ class StreamProcessor:
                             self._extract_usage_from_converted_event(ctx, evt, event_type)
 
                         # 根据客户端格式生成 SSE 事件
-                        out.append(_format_sse_event(evt) if isinstance(evt, dict) else f"data: {json.dumps(evt, ensure_ascii=False)}\n\n".encode())
+                        out.append(
+                            _format_sse_event(evt)
+                            if isinstance(evt, dict)
+                            else f"data: {json.dumps(evt, ensure_ascii=False)}\n\n".encode()
+                        )
                     return out
 
                 # 统一处理 prefetched + iterator
@@ -1109,7 +1111,7 @@ class StreamProcessor:
                     ctx.perf_metrics["stream_chunks"] = int(ctx.chunk_count)
                 if ctx.data_count:
                     ctx.perf_metrics["stream_data_events"] = int(ctx.data_count)
-            await self._cleanup(response_ctx, http_client)
+            await self._cleanup(response_ctx)
 
     def _process_line(
         self,
@@ -1363,17 +1365,12 @@ class StreamProcessor:
     async def _cleanup(
         self,
         response_ctx: Any,
-        http_client: httpx.AsyncClient,
     ) -> None:
-        """清理资源"""
+        """清理响应上下文（不关闭池中复用的客户端）"""
         try:
             await response_ctx.__aexit__(None, None, None)
         except Exception:
             pass
-        try:
-            await http_client.aclose()
-        except Exception:
-            pass
 
 
 async def create_smoothed_stream(

src/api/handlers/gemini/adapter.py

@@ -269,6 +269,8 @@ class GeminiChatAdapter(ChatAdapterBase):
         auth_type: str | None = None,
         provider_type: str | None = None,
         decrypted_auth_config: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        # 代理参数（已解析，直接传递给 run_endpoint_check）
+        proxy_param: Any | None = None,
     ) -> dict[str, Any]:
         """测试 Gemini API 模型连接性（非流式）"""
         from src.api.handlers.base.endpoint_checker import run_endpoint_check
@@ -363,6 +365,7 @@ class GeminiChatAdapter(ChatAdapterBase):
             provider_id=provider_id,
             api_key_id=api_key_id,
             model_name=effective_model_name,
+            proxy_param=proxy_param,
         )
 
 

src/api/handlers/gemini/video_handler.py

@@ -449,9 +449,25 @@ class GeminiVeoHandler(VideoHandlerBase):
         import httpx
 
         try:
+            # 解析代理配置（key > provider > 系统默认）
+            from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import (
+                build_proxy_client_kwargs,
+                resolve_effective_proxy,
+            )
+
+            provider = getattr(endpoint, "provider", None) if endpoint else None
+            eff_proxy = resolve_effective_proxy(
+                getattr(provider, "proxy", None) if provider else None,
+                getattr(key, "proxy", None),
+            )
+
             # 使用 follow_redirects=True 跟随重定向
             async with httpx.AsyncClient(
-                follow_redirects=True, timeout=httpx.Timeout(300.0)
+                **build_proxy_client_kwargs(
+                    eff_proxy,
+                    timeout=httpx.Timeout(300.0),
+                    follow_redirects=True,
+                )
             ) as client:
                 response = await client.get(task.video_url, headers=download_headers)
         except Exception as exc:

src/api/public/gemini_files.py

@@ -778,7 +778,11 @@ async def download_file(
 
     # 使用 follow_redirects=True 跟随重定向（Gemini 文件下载会重定向）
     try:
-        async with httpx.AsyncClient(follow_redirects=True, timeout=httpx.Timeout(300.0)) as client:
+        from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import build_proxy_client_kwargs
+
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(
+            **build_proxy_client_kwargs(timeout=httpx.Timeout(300.0), follow_redirects=True)
+        ) as client:
             response = await client.get(upstream_url, headers=headers)
     except Exception as exc:
         logger.error("Gemini Files download failed: {}", exc)

src/core/vertex_auth.py

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import json
 import time
 from collections import OrderedDict
-from typing import Optional, Tuple
 
 import httpx
 import jwt
@@ -129,7 +128,11 @@ class VertexAuthService:
         # 获取新 Token
         try:
             signed_jwt = self._create_jwt()
-            async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=30) as client:
+
+            # 使用系统默认代理（Vertex AI token endpoint 是外部服务）
+            from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import build_proxy_client_kwargs
+
+            async with httpx.AsyncClient(**build_proxy_client_kwargs(timeout=30)) as client:
                 resp = await client.post(
                     self.TOKEN_URL,
                     data={

src/services/auth/oauth/base.py

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 from urllib.parse import urlencode, urlparse, urlunparse
 
 import httpx
 
 from src.services.auth.oauth.models import OAuthToken, OAuthUserInfo
-from src.utils.ssl_utils import get_ssl_context
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from src.models.database import OAuthProvider
@@ -98,9 +97,8 @@ class OAuthProviderBase(ABC):
         timeout_seconds: float = 5.0,
         headers: dict[str, str] | None = None,
     ) -> httpx.Response:
-        async with httpx.AsyncClient(
-            timeout=httpx.Timeout(timeout_seconds), verify=get_ssl_context()
-        ) as client:
+        client_kwargs = self._build_http_client_kwargs(timeout_seconds)
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(**client_kwargs) as client:
             return await client.post(url, data=data, headers=headers)
 
     async def _http_get(
@@ -110,7 +108,12 @@ class OAuthProviderBase(ABC):
         timeout_seconds: float = 5.0,
         headers: dict[str, str] | None = None,
     ) -> httpx.Response:
-        async with httpx.AsyncClient(
-            timeout=httpx.Timeout(timeout_seconds), verify=get_ssl_context()
-        ) as client:
+        client_kwargs = self._build_http_client_kwargs(timeout_seconds)
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(**client_kwargs) as client:
             return await client.get(url, headers=headers)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _build_http_client_kwargs(timeout_seconds: float = 5.0) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import build_proxy_client_kwargs
+
+        return build_proxy_client_kwargs(timeout=httpx.Timeout(timeout_seconds))

src/services/auth/oauth/service.py

@@ -24,7 +24,17 @@ from src.services.auth.oauth.state import consume_oauth_state, create_oauth_stat
 from src.services.auth.service import AuthService
 from src.services.cache.user_cache import UserCacheService
 from src.services.system.config import SystemConfigService
-from src.utils.ssl_utils import get_ssl_context
+
+
+def _build_oauth_client_kwargs(
+    timeout_seconds: float = 5.0, follow_redirects: bool = False
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """构建 OAuth HTTP 客户端参数（含系统默认代理）"""
+    from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import build_proxy_client_kwargs
+
+    return build_proxy_client_kwargs(
+        timeout=httpx.Timeout(timeout_seconds), follow_redirects=follow_redirects
+    )
 
 
 class OAuthService:
@@ -835,7 +845,7 @@ class OAuthService:
         async def _reachable(url: str) -> bool:
             try:
                 async with httpx.AsyncClient(
-                    timeout=httpx.Timeout(5.0), follow_redirects=False, verify=get_ssl_context()
+                    **_build_oauth_client_kwargs(5.0, follow_redirects=False)
                 ) as client:
                     await client.get(url)
                 return True
@@ -851,9 +861,7 @@ class OAuthService:
         if has_secret and client_secret:
             # 使用无效 code 做一次 token 请求（仅做粗略判定）
             try:
-                async with httpx.AsyncClient(
-                    timeout=httpx.Timeout(5.0), verify=get_ssl_context()
-                ) as client:
+                async with httpx.AsyncClient(**_build_oauth_client_kwargs(5.0)) as client:
                     resp = await client.post(
                         token_url,
                         data={
@@ -914,7 +922,7 @@ class OAuthService:
         async def _reachable(url: str) -> bool:
             try:
                 async with httpx.AsyncClient(
-                    timeout=httpx.Timeout(5.0), follow_redirects=False, verify=get_ssl_context()
+                    **_build_oauth_client_kwargs(5.0, follow_redirects=False)
                 ) as client:
                     await client.get(url)
                 return True
@@ -930,9 +938,7 @@ class OAuthService:
         if client_secret:
             # 使用无效 code 做一次 token 请求（仅做粗略判定）
             try:
-                async with httpx.AsyncClient(
-                    timeout=httpx.Timeout(5.0), verify=get_ssl_context()
-                ) as client:
+                async with httpx.AsyncClient(**_build_oauth_client_kwargs(5.0)) as client:
                     resp = await client.post(
                         token_url,
                         data={

src/services/model/fetch_scheduler.py

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ from src.services.model.upstream_fetcher import (
     merge_upstream_metadata,
 )
 from src.services.provider.oauth_token import resolve_oauth_access_token
+from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import resolve_effective_proxy
 from src.services.system.scheduler import get_scheduler
 
 # 从环境变量读取间隔，默认 1440 分钟（1 天），限制在 60-10080 分钟之间
@@ -448,7 +449,9 @@ class ModelFetchScheduler:
                     encrypted_auth_config if isinstance(encrypted_auth_config, str) else None
                 ),
                 format_to_endpoint=format_to_endpoint,
-                proxy_config=getattr(provider, "proxy", None),
+                proxy_config=resolve_effective_proxy(
+                    getattr(provider, "proxy", None), getattr(key, "proxy", None)
+                ),
             )
 
     async def _update_key_after_fetch(

src/services/model/upstream_fetcher.py

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import httpx
 
 from src.core.api_format import get_extra_headers_from_endpoint
 from src.core.logger import logger
-from src.utils.ssl_utils import get_ssl_context
 
 # 并发请求限制
 MAX_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 5
@@ -100,7 +99,7 @@ async def _fetch_models_default(
 ) -> tuple[list[dict], list[str], bool, dict[str, Any] | None]:
     endpoint_configs = build_all_format_configs(ctx.api_key_value, ctx.format_to_endpoint)
     models, errors, has_success = await fetch_models_from_endpoints(
-        endpoint_configs, timeout=timeout_seconds
+        endpoint_configs, timeout=timeout_seconds, proxy_config=ctx.proxy_config
     )
     return models, errors, has_success, None
 
@@ -230,6 +229,7 @@ def build_all_format_configs(
 async def fetch_models_from_endpoints(
     endpoint_configs: list[dict],
     timeout: float = 30.0,
+    proxy_config: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
 ) -> tuple[list[dict], list[str], bool]:
     """
     从多个端点并发获取模型
@@ -237,10 +237,13 @@ async def fetch_models_from_endpoints(
     Args:
         endpoint_configs: 端点配置列表，每个配置包含 api_key, base_url, api_format, extra_headers
         timeout: 请求超时时间（秒）
+        proxy_config: 代理配置（可选），支持系统默认回退
 
     Returns:
         (模型列表, 错误列表, 是否有成功)
     """
+    from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import build_proxy_client_kwargs
+
     all_models: list[dict] = []
     errors: list[str] = []
     has_success = False
@@ -279,7 +282,9 @@ async def fetch_models_from_endpoints(
             logger.exception("获取 {} 模型出错", api_format)
             return [], f"{api_format}: error", False
 
-    async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=timeout, verify=get_ssl_context()) as client:
+    async with httpx.AsyncClient(
+        **build_proxy_client_kwargs(proxy_config, timeout=timeout)
+    ) as client:
         results = await asyncio.gather(*[fetch_one(client, c) for c in endpoint_configs])
         for models, error, success in results:
             all_models.extend(models)

src/services/proxy_node/resolver.py

@@ -292,6 +292,66 @@ def resolve_effective_proxy(
     return provider_proxy
 
 
+def resolve_proxy_param(
+    proxy_config: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+) -> str | httpx.Proxy | None:
+    """
+    将代理配置解析为 httpx 可接受的代理参数（含系统默认回退）
+
+    优先级：proxy_config -> 系统默认代理 -> None（直连）
+
+    Args:
+        proxy_config: 代理配置字典（通常来自 resolve_effective_proxy 的返回值）
+
+    Returns:
+        httpx 可接受的 proxy 参数，或 None
+    """
+    url = build_proxy_url(proxy_config) if proxy_config else None
+    if not url:
+        sys_proxy = get_system_proxy_config()
+        if sys_proxy:
+            try:
+                url = build_proxy_url(sys_proxy)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                logger.warning("resolve_proxy_param: 构建系统默认代理 URL 失败: {}", exc)
+                url = None
+    return make_proxy_param(url)
+
+
+def build_proxy_client_kwargs(
+    proxy_config: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+    *,
+    timeout: float = 30.0,
+    verify: Any | None = None,
+    **extra: Any,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """
+    构建包含代理配置的 httpx.AsyncClient 初始化参数。
+
+    将 resolve_proxy_param + dict 构建 + 条件 proxy 赋值合并为一步，
+    减少调用方的样板代码。
+
+    Args:
+        proxy_config: 代理配置字典（通常来自 resolve_effective_proxy）
+        timeout: 请求超时（秒）
+        verify: SSL 验证参数，None 时自动使用 get_ssl_context()
+        **extra: 其他 httpx.AsyncClient 参数（如 follow_redirects）
+
+    Returns:
+        可直接解包传给 httpx.AsyncClient 的参数字典
+    """
+    if verify is None:
+        from src.utils.ssl_utils import get_ssl_context
+
+        verify = get_ssl_context()
+
+    kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {"timeout": timeout, "verify": verify, **extra}
+    proxy_param = resolve_proxy_param(proxy_config)
+    if proxy_param:
+        kwargs["proxy"] = proxy_param
+    return kwargs
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # 代理 URL 构建
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

src/services/request/executor.py

@@ -175,14 +175,20 @@ class RequestExecutor:
                     )
                 else:
                     # 非流式请求：标记为 success 状态
-                    from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import resolve_proxy_info
+                    from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import (
+                        resolve_effective_proxy,
+                        resolve_proxy_info,
+                    )
 
+                    _eff_proxy = resolve_effective_proxy(
+                        getattr(provider, "proxy", None), getattr(key, "proxy", None)
+                    )
                     _extra: dict[str, Any] = {
                         "is_cached_user": is_cached_user,
                         "model_name": model_name,
                         "api_format": api_format,
                     }
-                    _pi = resolve_proxy_info(getattr(provider, "proxy", None))
+                    _pi = resolve_proxy_info(_eff_proxy)
                     if _pi:
                         _extra["proxy"] = _pi
                     RequestCandidateService.mark_candidate_success(

src/services/task/service.py

@@ -708,11 +708,15 @@ class TaskService:
             ThinkingSignatureException,
             UpstreamClientException,
         )
-        from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import resolve_proxy_info
+        from src.services.proxy_node.resolver import resolve_effective_proxy, resolve_proxy_info
         from src.services.request.executor import ExecutionError
 
         # 提前解析代理信息，写入候选记录的 extra_data（用于链路追踪展示）
-        _proxy_info = resolve_proxy_info(getattr(candidate.provider, "proxy", None))
+        _eff_proxy = resolve_effective_proxy(
+            getattr(candidate.provider, "proxy", None),
+            getattr(candidate.key, "proxy", None),
+        )
+        _proxy_info = resolve_proxy_info(_eff_proxy)
         _proxy_extra: dict[str, Any] | None = {"proxy": _proxy_info} if _proxy_info else None
 
         if not isinstance(exec_err, ExecutionError):