Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/main' into codex/usage-pending-reasoning-reset-expiry-20260712

# Conflicts:
#	crates/aether-ai-formats/src/formats/openai/responses/mod.rs
#	crates/aether-usage/runtime/src/runtime.rs
#	frontend/src/features/usage/components/UsageRecordsTable.vue
#	frontend/src/features/usage/components/__tests__/UsageRecordsTable.spec.ts

frontend/src/api/__tests__/admin-analytics-cache.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+
+const { getMock, cachedRequestMock, buildCacheKeyMock } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  getMock: vi.fn(),
+  cachedRequestMock: vi.fn(async (_key: string, fetcher: () => Promise<unknown>) => fetcher()),
+  buildCacheKeyMock: vi.fn((prefix: string) => prefix),
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/api/client', () => ({
+  default: {
+    get: getMock,
+  },
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/utils/cache', () => ({
+  cache: {
+    clear: vi.fn(),
+    delete: vi.fn(),
+  },
+  cachedRequest: cachedRequestMock,
+  buildCacheKey: buildCacheKeyMock,
+}))
+
+import { adminApi } from '@/api/admin'
+
+describe('adminApi analytics cache options', () => {
+  const params = {
+    start_date: '2026-07-01',
+    end_date: '2026-07-15',
+    preset: 'custom',
+    timezone: 'Asia/Shanghai',
+    tz_offset_minutes: 480,
+  }
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    getMock.mockReset()
+    getMock.mockResolvedValue({ data: {} })
+    cachedRequestMock.mockClear()
+    buildCacheKeyMock.mockClear()
+  })
+
+  it('keeps the existing 20-second cache TTL by default', async () => {
+    await adminApi.getTimeSeries(params)
+    await adminApi.getPercentiles(params)
+    await adminApi.getProviderPerformance(params)
+    await adminApi.getErrorDistribution(params)
+
+    for (let call = 1; call <= 4; call += 1) {
+      expect(cachedRequestMock).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(
+        call,
+        expect.any(String),
+        expect.any(Function),
+        20 * 1000
+      )
+    }
+  })
+
+  it('uses a zero TTL when an analytics request skips the cache', async () => {
+    const options = { skipCache: true }
+    const providerParams = { ...params, include_timeline: false }
+
+    await adminApi.getTimeSeries(params, options)
+    await adminApi.getPercentiles(params, options)
+    await adminApi.getProviderPerformance(providerParams, options)
+    await adminApi.getErrorDistribution(params, options)
+
+    for (let call = 1; call <= 4; call += 1) {
+      expect(cachedRequestMock).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(
+        call,
+        expect.any(String),
+        expect.any(Function),
+        0
+      )
+    }
+
+    expect(getMock).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(1, '/api/admin/stats/time-series', { params })
+    expect(getMock).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(2, '/api/admin/stats/performance/percentiles', {
+      params,
+    })
+    expect(getMock).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(3, '/api/admin/stats/performance/providers', {
+      params: providerParams,
+    })
+    expect(getMock).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(4, '/api/admin/stats/errors/distribution', { params })
+  })
+})

frontend/src/api/__tests__/client.spec.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
 import type { AxiosAdapter, AxiosInstance, InternalAxiosRequestConfig } from 'axios'
 
 import apiClient, { AUTH_STATE_CHANGE_EVENT } from '@/api/client'
+import { cache, cachedRequest } from '@/utils/cache'
 
 type TestableApiClient = typeof apiClient & {
   client: AxiosInstance
@@ -34,6 +35,42 @@ describe('apiClient auth state change event', () => {
     window.removeEventListener(AUTH_STATE_CHANGE_EVENT, handler as EventListener)
   })
 
+  it('clears cached API data whenever the authentication identity changes', () => {
+    apiClient.setToken('first-token')
+    cache.set('dashboard', { owner: 'first-user' }, 30_000)
+
+    apiClient.setToken('second-token')
+
+    expect(cache.get('dashboard')).toBeNull()
+  })
+
+  it('does not share or restore an in-flight cached response across token changes', async () => {
+    let resolveFirst!: (value: string) => void
+    let resolveSecond!: (value: string) => void
+    const firstResponse = new Promise<string>((resolve) => {
+      resolveFirst = resolve
+    })
+    const secondResponse = new Promise<string>((resolve) => {
+      resolveSecond = resolve
+    })
+    const secondFetcher = vi.fn(() => secondResponse)
+
+    apiClient.setToken('first-token')
+    const firstRequest = cachedRequest('dashboard', () => firstResponse, 30_000)
+
+    apiClient.setToken('second-token')
+    const secondRequest = cachedRequest('dashboard', secondFetcher, 30_000)
+    expect(secondFetcher).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+
+    resolveFirst('first-user-data')
+    await expect(firstRequest).resolves.toBe('first-user-data')
+    expect(cache.get('dashboard')).toBeNull()
+
+    resolveSecond('second-user-data')
+    await expect(secondRequest).resolves.toBe('second-user-data')
+    expect(cache.get('dashboard')).toBe('second-user-data')
+  })
+
   it('sends auth refresh without a request body', async () => {
     const rawClient = apiClient as TestableApiClient
     const previousAdapter = rawClient.client.defaults.adapter

frontend/src/api/__tests__/models-dev-pricing.spec.ts

@@ -104,56 +104,75 @@ describe('buildModelsDevTieredPricing', () => {
 })
 
 describe('resolveModelsDevTieredPricing', () => {
-  it.each([
-    {
-      modelId: 'gpt-5.6-sol',
-      standard: [5, 30, 6.25, 0.5],
-      longContext: [10, 45, 12.5, 1],
-    },
-    {
-      modelId: 'gpt-5.6-terra',
-      standard: [2.5, 15, 3.125, 0.25],
-      longContext: [5, 22.5, 6.25, 0.5],
-    },
-    {
-      modelId: 'gpt-5.6-luna',
-      standard: [1, 6, 1.25, 0.1],
-      longContext: [2, 9, 2.5, 0.2],
-    },
-  ])('uses the complete OpenAI catalog for $modelId', ({ modelId, standard, longContext }) => {
-    const tier = (
-      upTo: number | null,
-      prices: number[],
-      multiplier: number,
-    ) => ({
-      up_to: upTo,
-      input_price_per_1m: prices[0] * multiplier,
-      output_price_per_1m: prices[1] * multiplier,
-      cache_creation_price_per_1m: prices[2] * multiplier,
-      cache_read_price_per_1m: prices[3] * multiplier,
-    })
-
-    expect(resolveModelsDevTieredPricing('openai', modelId, { input: 999, output: 999 }))
-      .toEqual({
-        tiers: [
-          tier(272_000, standard, 1),
-          tier(null, longContext, 1),
-        ],
-        processing_tiers: {
-          flex: {
-            tiers: [
-              tier(272_000, standard, 0.5),
-              tier(null, longContext, 0.5),
-            ],
-          },
-          priority: {
-            tiers: [tier(272_000, standard, 2)],
-          },
+  it('uses the GPT-5.5 Pro context tier declared by models.dev without inventing cache prices', () => {
+    expect(resolveModelsDevTieredPricing('openai', 'gpt-5.5-pro', {
+      input: 30,
+      output: 180,
+      tiers: [{
+        input: 60,
+        output: 270,
+        tier: { type: 'context', size: 272_000 },
+      }],
+      context_over_200k: {
+        input: 60,
+        output: 270,
+      },
+    })).toEqual({
+      tiers: [
+        {
+          up_to: 271_999,
+          input_price_per_1m: 30,
+          output_price_per_1m: 180,
         },
-      })
+        {
+          up_to: null,
+          input_price_per_1m: 60,
+          output_price_per_1m: 270,
+        },
+      ],
+    })
   })
 
-  it('keeps the models.dev lower-bound conversion for models outside the catalog', () => {
+  it.each([
+    'gpt-5.6-sol',
+    'gpt-5.6-terra',
+    'gpt-5.6-luna',
+  ])('uses the fetched models.dev cost for OpenAI model %s', (modelId) => {
+    const fetchedCost = {
+      input: 7,
+      output: 11,
+      cache_read: 0.7,
+      cache_write: 8.75,
+      tiers: [{
+        input: 13,
+        output: 17,
+        cache_read: 1.3,
+        cache_write: 16.25,
+        tier: { type: 'context' as const, size: 123_000 },
+      }],
+    }
+
+    expect(resolveModelsDevTieredPricing('openai', modelId, fetchedCost)).toEqual({
+      tiers: [
+        {
+          up_to: 122_999,
+          input_price_per_1m: 7,
+          output_price_per_1m: 11,
+          cache_creation_price_per_1m: 8.75,
+          cache_read_price_per_1m: 0.7,
+        },
+        {
+          up_to: null,
+          input_price_per_1m: 13,
+          output_price_per_1m: 17,
+          cache_creation_price_per_1m: 16.25,
+          cache_read_price_per_1m: 1.3,
+        },
+      ],
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('uses the same fetched-cost conversion for every provider and model identity', () => {
     expect(resolveModelsDevTieredPricing('openai', 'other-model', {
       input: 1,
       output: 2,
@@ -161,16 +180,7 @@ describe('resolveModelsDevTieredPricing', () => {
     })?.tiers.map(tier => tier.up_to)).toEqual([271_999, null])
   })
 
-  it.each([
-    ['other-provider', 'gpt-5.6-sol'],
-    ['openai', 'GPT-5.6-SOL'],
-    ['openai', 'gpt-5.6-sol-latest'],
-    ['openai', '__proto__'],
-    ['openai', 'constructor'],
-  ])('matches provider and model identities exactly for %s/%s', (providerId, modelId) => {
-    expect(resolveModelsDevTieredPricing(providerId, modelId, { input: 1, output: 2 }))
-      .toEqual({
-        tiers: [{ up_to: null, input_price_per_1m: 1, output_price_per_1m: 2 }],
-      })
+  it('does not synthesize pricing when the fetched cost is absent', () => {
+    expect(resolveModelsDevTieredPricing('openai', 'gpt-5.6-sol', undefined)).toBeNull()
   })
 })

frontend/src/api/admin.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 import apiClient from './client'
 import type { ModelTestCapabilities } from './endpoints/types'
 import axios, { type AxiosRequestConfig } from 'axios'
-import { cachedRequest, buildCacheKey } from '@/utils/cache'
+import { cache, cachedRequest, buildCacheKey } from '@/utils/cache'
 import type { BillingSummary } from './auth'
 import type { ApiKeyInstallSession, InstallSessionTargetSystem, InstallTargetCli } from './me'
 
 const SYSTEM_DATA_IMPORT_TIMEOUT_MS = 10 * 60 * 1000
+const ALL_SYSTEM_CONFIGS_CACHE_KEY = 'admin:system:configs'
+
+export interface AdminSystemConfigItem {
+  key: string
+  value: unknown
+  description?: string
+  is_set?: boolean
+}
 
 export interface SystemDataImportOptions {
   onUploadProgress?: AxiosRequestConfig['onUploadProgress']
@@ -736,6 +744,10 @@ export interface QuotaUsageResponse {
   providers: QuotaUsageProvider[]
 }
 
+export interface AdminAnalyticsRequestOptions {
+  skipCache?: boolean
+}
+
 export interface PercentileItem {
   date: string
   p50_response_time_ms?: number | null
@@ -947,9 +959,17 @@ export const adminApi = {
 
   // 系统配置相关
   // 获取所有系统配置
-  async getAllSystemConfigs(): Promise<Array<{ key: string; value: unknown; description?: string }>> {
-    const response = await apiClient.get<Array<{ key: string; value: unknown; description?: string }>>('/api/admin/system/configs')
-    return response.data
+  async getAllSystemConfigs(
+    options: { cacheTtlMs?: number } = {},
+  ): Promise<AdminSystemConfigItem[]> {
+    return cachedRequest(
+      ALL_SYSTEM_CONFIGS_CACHE_KEY,
+      async () => {
+        const response = await apiClient.get<AdminSystemConfigItem[]>('/api/admin/system/configs')
+        return response.data
+      },
+      options.cacheTtlMs ?? 0,
+    )
   },
 
   // 获取特定系统配置
@@ -983,6 +1003,8 @@ export const adminApi = {
       { value, description },
       requestConfig,
     )
+    cache.delete(ALL_SYSTEM_CONFIGS_CACHE_KEY)
+    cache.delete(buildCacheKey('admin:system:config', { key }))
     return response.data
   },
 
@@ -991,6 +1013,8 @@ export const adminApi = {
     const response = await apiClient.delete<{ message: string }>(
       `/api/admin/system/configs/${key}`
     )
+    cache.delete(ALL_SYSTEM_CONFIGS_CACHE_KEY)
+    cache.delete(buildCacheKey('admin:system:config', { key }))
     return response.data
   },
 
@@ -1021,6 +1045,7 @@ export const adminApi = {
       data,
       { timeout: SYSTEM_DATA_IMPORT_TIMEOUT_MS, ...options }
     )
+    cache.clear()
     return response.data
   },
 
@@ -1053,6 +1078,7 @@ export const adminApi = {
       data,
       { timeout: SYSTEM_DATA_IMPORT_TIMEOUT_MS, ...options }
     )
+    cache.clear()
     return response.data
   },
 
@@ -1380,13 +1406,16 @@ export const adminApi = {
     )
   },
 
-  async getPercentiles(params?: {
-    start_date?: string
-    end_date?: string
-    preset?: string
-    timezone?: string
-    tz_offset_minutes?: number
-  }): Promise<PercentileItem[]> {
+  async getPercentiles(
+    params?: {
+      start_date?: string
+      end_date?: string
+      preset?: string
+      timezone?: string
+      tz_offset_minutes?: number
+    },
+    options?: AdminAnalyticsRequestOptions
+  ): Promise<PercentileItem[]> {
     const cacheKey = buildCacheKey('admin:stats:performance:percentiles', params)
     return cachedRequest(
       cacheKey,
@@ -1396,26 +1425,30 @@ export const adminApi = {
         })
         return response.data
       },
-      20 * 1000
+      options?.skipCache ? 0 : 20 * 1000
     )
   },
 
-  async getProviderPerformance(params?: {
-    start_date?: string
-    end_date?: string
-    preset?: string
-    timezone?: string
-    tz_offset_minutes?: number
-    granularity?: 'day' | 'hour'
-    limit?: number
-    provider_id?: string
-    model?: string
-    api_format?: string
-    endpoint_kind?: string
-    is_stream?: boolean
-    has_format_conversion?: boolean
-    slow_threshold_ms?: number
-  }): Promise<ProviderPerformanceResponse> {
+  async getProviderPerformance(
+    params?: {
+      start_date?: string
+      end_date?: string
+      preset?: string
+      timezone?: string
+      tz_offset_minutes?: number
+      granularity?: 'day' | 'hour'
+      include_timeline?: boolean
+      limit?: number
+      provider_id?: string
+      model?: string
+      api_format?: string
+      endpoint_kind?: string
+      is_stream?: boolean
+      has_format_conversion?: boolean
+      slow_threshold_ms?: number
+    },
+    options?: AdminAnalyticsRequestOptions
+  ): Promise<ProviderPerformanceResponse> {
     const cacheKey = buildCacheKey('admin:stats:performance:providers', params)
     return cachedRequest(
       cacheKey,
@@ -1425,17 +1458,20 @@ export const adminApi = {
         })
         return response.data
       },
-      20 * 1000
+      options?.skipCache ? 0 : 20 * 1000
     )
   },
 
-  async getErrorDistribution(params?: {
-    start_date?: string
-    end_date?: string
-    preset?: string
-    timezone?: string
-    tz_offset_minutes?: number
-  }): Promise<ErrorDistributionResponse> {
+  async getErrorDistribution(
+    params?: {
+      start_date?: string
+      end_date?: string
+      preset?: string
+      timezone?: string
+      tz_offset_minutes?: number
+    },
+    options?: AdminAnalyticsRequestOptions
+  ): Promise<ErrorDistributionResponse> {
     const cacheKey = buildCacheKey('admin:stats:errors:distribution', params)
     return cachedRequest(
       cacheKey,
@@ -1445,7 +1481,7 @@ export const adminApi = {
         })
         return response.data
       },
-      20 * 1000
+      options?.skipCache ? 0 : 20 * 1000
     )
   },
 
@@ -1535,17 +1571,20 @@ export const adminApi = {
     return response.data
   },
 
-  async getTimeSeries(params?: {
-    start_date?: string
-    end_date?: string
-    preset?: string
-    granularity?: 'hour' | 'day' | 'week' | 'month'
-    timezone?: string
-    tz_offset_minutes?: number
-    user_id?: string
-    model?: string
-    provider_name?: string
-  }): Promise<Array<Record<string, unknown>>> {
+  async getTimeSeries(
+    params?: {
+      start_date?: string
+      end_date?: string
+      preset?: string
+      granularity?: 'hour' | 'day' | 'week' | 'month'
+      timezone?: string
+      tz_offset_minutes?: number
+      user_id?: string
+      model?: string
+      provider_name?: string
+    },
+    options?: AdminAnalyticsRequestOptions
+  ): Promise<Array<Record<string, unknown>>> {
     const cacheKey = buildCacheKey('admin:stats:time-series', params)
     return cachedRequest(
       cacheKey,
@@ -1553,7 +1592,7 @@ export const adminApi = {
         const response = await apiClient.get<Array<Record<string, unknown>>>('/api/admin/stats/time-series', { params })
         return response.data
       },
-      20 * 1000
+      options?.skipCache ? 0 : 20 * 1000
     )
   },
 

frontend/src/api/authoritative-model-pricing.ts

@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-import type { PricingTier, TieredPricingConfig } from './endpoints/types'
-
-interface TokenPrices {
-  input: number
-  output: number
-  cacheCreation: number
-  cacheRead: number
-}
-
-interface ContextPricing {
-  standard: TokenPrices
-  longContext: TokenPrices
-}
-
-const OPENAI_GPT_56_PRICING = new Map<string, ContextPricing>([
-  ['gpt-5.6-sol', {
-    standard: { input: 5, output: 30, cacheCreation: 6.25, cacheRead: 0.5 },
-    longContext: { input: 10, output: 45, cacheCreation: 12.5, cacheRead: 1 },
-  }],
-  ['gpt-5.6-terra', {
-    standard: { input: 2.5, output: 15, cacheCreation: 3.125, cacheRead: 0.25 },
-    longContext: { input: 5, output: 22.5, cacheCreation: 6.25, cacheRead: 0.5 },
-  }],
-  ['gpt-5.6-luna', {
-    standard: { input: 1, output: 6, cacheCreation: 1.25, cacheRead: 0.1 },
-    longContext: { input: 2, output: 9, cacheCreation: 2.5, cacheRead: 0.2 },
-  }],
-])
-
-const STANDARD_CONTEXT_LIMIT = 272_000
-
-function pricingTier(
-  upTo: number | null,
-  prices: TokenPrices,
-  multiplier = 1,
-): PricingTier {
-  return {
-    up_to: upTo,
-    input_price_per_1m: prices.input * multiplier,
-    output_price_per_1m: prices.output * multiplier,
-    cache_creation_price_per_1m: prices.cacheCreation * multiplier,
-    cache_read_price_per_1m: prices.cacheRead * multiplier,
-  }
-}
-
-function contextPricingTiers(pricing: ContextPricing, multiplier: number): PricingTier[] {
-  return [
-    pricingTier(STANDARD_CONTEXT_LIMIT, pricing.standard, multiplier),
-    pricingTier(null, pricing.longContext, multiplier),
-  ]
-}
-
-export function getAuthoritativeModelPricing(
-  providerId: string,
-  modelId: string,
-): TieredPricingConfig | null {
-  if (providerId !== 'openai') return null
-
-  const pricing = OPENAI_GPT_56_PRICING.get(modelId)
-  if (!pricing) return null
-
-  return {
-    tiers: contextPricingTiers(pricing, 1),
-    processing_tiers: {
-      flex: { tiers: contextPricingTiers(pricing, 0.5) },
-      priority: {
-        tiers: [pricingTier(STANDARD_CONTEXT_LIMIT, pricing.standard, 2)],
-      },
-    },
-  }
-}

frontend/src/api/client.ts

@@ -2,15 +2,30 @@ import axios, { getAdapter } from 'axios'
 import type { AxiosInstance, AxiosRequestConfig, AxiosResponse, InternalAxiosRequestConfig, AxiosAdapter } from 'axios'
 import { NETWORK_CONFIG, AUTH_CONFIG } from '@/config/constants'
 import { isDemoMode } from '@/config/demo'
-import { handleMockRequest, setMockUserToken } from '@/mocks'
 import { getClientDeviceId } from '@/utils/deviceId'
 import { CrossTabRefreshCoordinator } from '@/utils/crossTabRefresh'
 import { log } from '@/utils/logger'
+import { cache } from '@/utils/cache'
 
 // 在开发环境下使用代理,生产环境使用环境变量
 const API_BASE_URL = import.meta.env.VITE_API_URL || ''
 export const AUTH_STATE_CHANGE_EVENT = 'aether-auth-state-change'
 
+type MockRuntime = typeof import('@/mocks')
+
+let mockRuntimePromise: Promise<MockRuntime> | null = null
+let currentMockUserToken: string | null = null
+
+function loadMockRuntime(): Promise<MockRuntime> {
+  if (!mockRuntimePromise) {
+    mockRuntimePromise = import('@/mocks').catch((error) => {
+      mockRuntimePromise = null
+      throw error
+    })
+  }
+  return mockRuntimePromise
+}
+
 /**
  * 判断请求是否为公共端点
  */
@@ -53,7 +68,9 @@ function createDemoAdapter(defaultAdapter: AxiosAdapter) {
   return async (config: InternalAxiosRequestConfig): Promise<AxiosResponse> => {
     if (isDemoMode()) {
       try {
-        const mockResponse = await handleMockRequest({
+        const mockRuntime = await loadMockRuntime()
+        mockRuntime.setMockUserToken(currentMockUserToken)
+        const mockResponse = await mockRuntime.handleMockRequest({
           method: config.method?.toUpperCase(),
           url: config.url,
           data: config.data,
@@ -290,30 +307,33 @@ class ApiClient {
   }
 
   private syncTokenState(token: string | null): void {
-    this.token = token
-    if (isDemoMode()) {
-      setMockUserToken(token)
+    if (this.token !== token) {
+      cache.clear()
     }
+    this.token = token
+    currentMockUserToken = token
   }
 
   setToken(token: string): void {
+    if (this.token === token) {
+      cache.clear()
+    }
     this.syncTokenState(token)
     localStorage.setItem('access_token', token)
   }
 
   getToken(): string | null {
     if (!this.token) {
-      this.token = localStorage.getItem('access_token')
-      // 页面刷新时，从 localStorage 恢复 token 到 mock handler
-      if (this.token && isDemoMode()) {
-        setMockUserToken(this.token)
-      }
+      this.syncTokenState(localStorage.getItem('access_token'))
     }
     return this.token
   }
 
   clearAuth(): void {
     const hadAuth = this.token !== null || localStorage.getItem('access_token') !== null
+    if (hadAuth && this.token === null) {
+      cache.clear()
+    }
     this.syncTokenState(null)
     localStorage.removeItem('access_token')
     // 同标签页内清理认证状态时不会触发 storage 事件，这里主动广播一次。

frontend/src/api/dashboard.ts

@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ export const dashboardApi = {
         const response = await apiClient.get<DashboardStatsResponse>('/api/dashboard/stats', { params })
         return response.data
       },
-      10 * 1000
+      30 * 1000
     )
   },
 
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ export const dashboardApi = {
         })
         return response.data
       },
-      20 * 1000
+      60 * 1000
     )
   },
 

frontend/src/api/endpoints/pool.ts

@@ -337,9 +337,39 @@ export interface PoolBatchAction {
     | 'delete'
     | 'clear_proxy'
     | 'set_proxy'
+    | 'update_settings'
   payload?: Record<string, unknown> | null
 }
 
+export interface PoolKeySettingsPatch {
+  internal_priority?: number
+  rpm_limit?: number | null
+  concurrent_limit?: number | null
+  cache_ttl_minutes?: number
+  max_probe_interval_minutes?: number
+  is_active?: boolean
+  note?: string | null
+  proxy_node_id?: string | null
+}
+
+export interface PoolBatchImportRequest {
+  keys: Array<{
+    name: string
+    api_key: string
+    auth_type: 'api_key' | 'bearer'
+    api_formats?: string[]
+    settings?: PoolKeySettingsPatch
+  }>
+  api_formats?: string[]
+  settings?: PoolKeySettingsPatch
+}
+
+export interface PoolBatchImportResult {
+  imported: number
+  skipped: number
+  errors: Array<{ index: number; reason: string }>
+}
+
 interface PoolReadOptions {
   cacheTtlMs?: number
 }
@@ -442,6 +472,18 @@ export async function batchActionPoolKeys(
   return response.data
 }
 
+export async function batchImportPoolKeys(
+  providerId: string,
+  body: PoolBatchImportRequest,
+): Promise<PoolBatchImportResult> {
+  const response = await client.post<PoolBatchImportResult>(
+    `/api/admin/pool/${providerId}/keys/batch-import`,
+    body,
+    { timeout: POOL_BATCH_ACTION_TIMEOUT_MS },
+  )
+  return response.data
+}
+
 export interface BatchDeleteTaskStatus {
   task_id: string
   status: 'pending' | 'running' | 'completed' | 'failed'

frontend/src/api/models-dev-pricing.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import type { PricingTier, TieredPricingConfig } from './endpoints/types'
-import { getAuthoritativeModelPricing } from './authoritative-model-pricing'
 
 export interface ModelsDevTokenCost {
   input: number
@@ -93,10 +92,10 @@ export function buildModelsDevTieredPricing(cost: unknown): TieredPricingConfig
 }
 
 export function resolveModelsDevTieredPricing(
-  providerId: string,
-  modelId: string,
+  _providerId: string,
+  _modelId: string,
   cost: unknown,
 ): TieredPricingConfig | null {
-  return getAuthoritativeModelPricing(providerId, modelId)
-    ?? buildModelsDevTieredPricing(cost)
+  // Provider/model identities must never inject local prices over the fetched catalog.
+  return buildModelsDevTieredPricing(cost)
 }

frontend/src/api/modules.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import apiClient from './client'
+import { buildCacheKey, cache, cachedRequest } from '@/utils/cache'
 
 const MODULE_MANAGEMENT_ORDER_CONFIG_KEY = 'module_management.extension_order'
+const ALL_SYSTEM_CONFIGS_CACHE_KEY = 'admin:system:configs'
 
 export interface ModuleStatus {
   name: string
@@ -160,19 +162,30 @@ function normalizePlaceholderPrefix(value: unknown): string {
     : CHAT_PII_REDACTION_DEFAULT_CONFIG.placeholder_prefix
 }
 
-async function getSystemConfigValue(key: string): Promise<unknown> {
-  const response = await apiClient.get<{ key: string; value: unknown }>(`/api/admin/system/configs/${key}`)
-  return response.data.value
-}
-
 async function updateSystemConfigValue(key: string, value: unknown, description: string) {
   const response = await apiClient.put<{ key: string; value: unknown; description?: string }>(
     `/api/admin/system/configs/${key}`,
     { value, description },
   )
+  cache.delete(ALL_SYSTEM_CONFIGS_CACHE_KEY)
+  cache.delete(buildCacheKey('admin:system:config', { key }))
   return response.data.value
 }
 
+async function getAllSystemConfigValues(): Promise<Map<string, unknown>> {
+  const configs = await cachedRequest(
+    ALL_SYSTEM_CONFIGS_CACHE_KEY,
+    async () => {
+      const response = await apiClient.get<Array<{ key: string; value: unknown }>>(
+        '/api/admin/system/configs'
+      )
+      return response.data
+    },
+    30_000,
+  )
+  return new Map(configs.map(config => [config.key, config.value]))
+}
+
 export const modulesApi = {
   /**
    * 获取所有模块状态（管理员）
@@ -202,6 +215,7 @@ export const modulesApi = {
       `/api/admin/modules/status/${moduleName}/enabled`,
       { enabled }
     )
+    cache.delete(ALL_SYSTEM_CONFIGS_CACHE_KEY)
     return response.data
   },
 
@@ -227,22 +241,21 @@ export const modulesApi = {
         description: '模块管理扩展模块展示顺序',
       },
     )
+    cache.delete(ALL_SYSTEM_CONFIGS_CACHE_KEY)
+    cache.delete(buildCacheKey('admin:system:config', {
+      key: MODULE_MANAGEMENT_ORDER_CONFIG_KEY,
+    }))
     return normalizeModuleManagementOrder(response.data.value)
   },
 
   async getChatPiiRedactionConfig(): Promise<ChatPiiRedactionConfig> {
-    const [enabled, rules, cacheTtlSeconds, placeholderPrefix] = await Promise.all([
-      getSystemConfigValue(CHAT_PII_REDACTION_CONFIG_KEYS.enabled),
-      getSystemConfigValue(CHAT_PII_REDACTION_CONFIG_KEYS.rules),
-      getSystemConfigValue(CHAT_PII_REDACTION_CONFIG_KEYS.cache_ttl_seconds),
-      getSystemConfigValue(CHAT_PII_REDACTION_CONFIG_KEYS.placeholder_prefix),
-    ])
+    const configsByKey = await getAllSystemConfigValues()
 
     return normalizeChatPiiRedactionConfig({
-      enabled,
-      rules,
-      cache_ttl_seconds: cacheTtlSeconds,
-      placeholder_prefix: placeholderPrefix,
+      enabled: configsByKey.get(CHAT_PII_REDACTION_CONFIG_KEYS.enabled),
+      rules: configsByKey.get(CHAT_PII_REDACTION_CONFIG_KEYS.rules),
+      cache_ttl_seconds: configsByKey.get(CHAT_PII_REDACTION_CONFIG_KEYS.cache_ttl_seconds),
+      placeholder_prefix: configsByKey.get(CHAT_PII_REDACTION_CONFIG_KEYS.placeholder_prefix),
     })
   },
 

frontend/src/api/monitoring.ts

@@ -332,10 +332,22 @@ export interface GatewayUsageRuntimeMetrics {
   workerProcessFailuresTotal: number | null
   workerReadFailuresTotal: number | null
   workerReclaimFailuresTotal: number | null
+  terminalSubmissionLimit: number | null
+  terminalSubmissionInFlight: number | null
+  terminalSubmissionMaxInFlight: number | null
+  terminalSubmissionRejectedTotal: number | null
   terminalEnqueueInFlight: number | null
   terminalEnqueueDeferredTotal: number | null
+  terminalEnqueueDeferredDirectWriteTotal: number | null
+  terminalEnqueueDeferredDroppedTotal: number | null
   terminalEnqueueDeferredRetryTotal: number | null
   terminalEnqueueFailedTotal: number | null
+  terminalDirectFallbackLimit: number | null
+  terminalDirectFallbackInFlight: number | null
+  terminalDirectFallbackMaxInFlight: number | null
+  terminalDirectFallbackSucceededTotal: number | null
+  terminalDirectFallbackFailedTotal: number | null
+  terminalDirectFallbackRejectedTotal: number | null
   lifecycleEnqueueInFlight: number | null
   lifecycleEnqueueDeferredTotal: number | null
   lifecycleEnqueueDeferredDroppedTotal: number | null
@@ -673,10 +685,22 @@ function buildUsageRuntimeMetrics(samples: PrometheusSample[]): GatewayUsageRunt
     workerProcessFailuresTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_queue_worker_process_failures_total'),
     workerReadFailuresTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_queue_worker_read_failures_total'),
     workerReclaimFailuresTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_queue_worker_reclaim_failures_total'),
+    terminalSubmissionLimit: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_submission_limit'),
+    terminalSubmissionInFlight: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_submission_in_flight'),
+    terminalSubmissionMaxInFlight: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_submission_max_in_flight'),
+    terminalSubmissionRejectedTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_submission_rejected_total'),
     terminalEnqueueInFlight: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_enqueue_in_flight'),
     terminalEnqueueDeferredTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_enqueue_deferred_total'),
+    terminalEnqueueDeferredDirectWriteTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_enqueue_deferred_direct_write_total'),
+    terminalEnqueueDeferredDroppedTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_enqueue_deferred_dropped_total'),
     terminalEnqueueDeferredRetryTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_enqueue_deferred_retry_total'),
     terminalEnqueueFailedTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_enqueue_failed_total'),
+    terminalDirectFallbackLimit: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_direct_fallback_limit'),
+    terminalDirectFallbackInFlight: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_direct_fallback_in_flight'),
+    terminalDirectFallbackMaxInFlight: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_direct_fallback_max_in_flight'),
+    terminalDirectFallbackSucceededTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_direct_fallback_succeeded_total'),
+    terminalDirectFallbackFailedTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_direct_fallback_failed_total'),
+    terminalDirectFallbackRejectedTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_terminal_direct_fallback_rejected_total'),
     lifecycleEnqueueInFlight: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_lifecycle_enqueue_in_flight'),
     lifecycleEnqueueDeferredTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_lifecycle_enqueue_deferred_total'),
     lifecycleEnqueueDeferredDroppedTotal: findMetricValueNumber(samples, 'usage_runtime_lifecycle_enqueue_deferred_dropped_total'),

frontend/src/api/usage.ts

@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ export interface UsageStats {
   total_cost: number
   total_actual_cost?: number
   avg_response_time: number
+  error_count?: number
+  error_rate?: number
   today?: {
     requests: number
     tokens: number

frontend/src/components/layout/SidebarNav.vue

@@ -29,7 +29,10 @@
                 ? 'bg-primary/10 text-primary font-medium'
                 : 'text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground hover:bg-muted/50'
             ]"
-            @pointerdown="emit('prefetch', item.href)"
+            @pointerenter="schedulePrefetch(item.href)"
+            @pointerleave="cancelScheduledPrefetch(item.href)"
+            @pointerdown="prefetchNow(item.href)"
+            @focus="prefetchNow(item.href)"
             @click="handleNavigate(item.href)"
           >
             <div class="flex items-center gap-2.5">
@@ -55,7 +58,7 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import type { Component } from 'vue'
+import { onBeforeUnmount, type Component } from 'vue'
 
 export interface NavigationItem {
   name: string
@@ -80,6 +83,36 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
   (e: 'prefetch', href: string): void
 }>()
 
+const HOVER_PREFETCH_DELAY_MS = 100
+let scheduledPrefetchHref: string | null = null
+let scheduledPrefetchTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null
+
+function cancelScheduledPrefetch(href?: string) {
+  if (href && scheduledPrefetchHref !== href) return
+  if (scheduledPrefetchTimer) {
+    clearTimeout(scheduledPrefetchTimer)
+    scheduledPrefetchTimer = null
+  }
+  scheduledPrefetchHref = null
+}
+
+function schedulePrefetch(href: string) {
+  cancelScheduledPrefetch()
+  scheduledPrefetchHref = href
+  scheduledPrefetchTimer = setTimeout(() => {
+    scheduledPrefetchTimer = null
+    scheduledPrefetchHref = null
+    emit('prefetch', href)
+  }, HOVER_PREFETCH_DELAY_MS)
+}
+
+function prefetchNow(href: string) {
+  cancelScheduledPrefetch()
+  emit('prefetch', href)
+}
+
+onBeforeUnmount(() => cancelScheduledPrefetch())
+
 function isItemActive(href: string) {
   if (props.isActive) {
     return props.isActive(href)

frontend/src/components/ui/dialog/Dialog.vue

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
         />
       </Transition>
 
-      <div class="relative flex h-full items-end justify-center overflow-hidden px-3 py-4 text-center sm:items-center sm:p-0 pointer-events-none">
+      <div class="relative flex h-full items-end justify-center overflow-hidden text-center sm:items-center sm:p-0 pointer-events-none">
         <!-- 对话框内容 -->
         <Transition
           enter-active-class="duration-300 ease-out"
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
         >
           <div
             v-if="isOpen"
-            class="relative flex max-h-[calc(100dvh-2rem)] w-full transform flex-col overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-border bg-background text-left shadow-2xl transition-all pointer-events-auto sm:my-8 sm:w-full sm:max-h-[calc(100dvh-4rem)]"
+            class="relative flex max-h-[100dvh] w-full transform flex-col overflow-hidden rounded-t-xl border border-x-0 border-b-0 border-border bg-background text-left shadow-2xl transition-all pointer-events-auto sm:my-8 sm:w-full sm:max-h-[calc(100dvh-4rem)] sm:rounded-lg sm:border"
             :style="{ zIndex: contentZIndex }"
             :class="maxWidthClass"
             @click.stop
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
             <slot name="header">
               <div
                 v-if="title"
-                class="shrink-0 border-b border-border px-4 py-4 sm:px-6"
+                class="shrink-0 border-b border-border px-4 pb-3 pt-4 sm:px-6 sm:py-4"
               >
                 <div class="flex items-center gap-3">
                   <div
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@
                     />
                   </div>
                   <div class="flex-1 min-w-0">
-                    <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-foreground leading-tight">
+                    <h3 class="text-balance text-base font-semibold leading-tight text-foreground sm:text-lg">
                       {{ title }}
                     </h3>
                     <p
                       v-if="description"
-                      class="text-xs text-muted-foreground"
+                      class="mt-0.5 text-pretty text-xs leading-4 text-muted-foreground"
                     >
                       {{ description }}
                     </p>
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
             <!-- Footer 区域：如果有 footer 插槽，自动添加样式 -->
             <div
               v-if="slots.footer"
-              class="shrink-0 border-t border-border bg-muted/10 px-4 py-4 sm:px-6 flex flex-row-reverse gap-3"
+              class="flex shrink-0 flex-col-reverse items-stretch gap-2 border-t border-border bg-background/95 px-4 pb-[max(0.75rem,env(safe-area-inset-bottom))] pt-3 backdrop-blur-sm [&>button]:w-full sm:flex-row-reverse sm:items-center sm:gap-3 sm:bg-muted/10 sm:px-6 sm:py-4 sm:[&>button]:w-auto"
             >
               <slot name="footer" />
             </div>

frontend/src/features/models/components/GlobalModelFormDialog.vue

@@ -394,6 +394,7 @@
                 ref="tieredPricingEditorRef"
                 v-model="tieredPricing"
                 class="mt-3"
+                :auto-fill-missing-cache-prices="autoFillMissingCachePrices"
                 :show-token-pricing="billingMode === 'token'"
                 :show-image-pricing="isImageGenerationEnabled"
                 :show-image-editor="billingMode === 'image'"
@@ -601,6 +602,7 @@ import {
   EMBEDDING_API_FORMATS,
   buildGlobalModelCreatePayload,
   buildGlobalModelUpdatePayload,
+  cloneTieredPricingConfig,
 } from './global-model-form-helpers'
 import { tieredPricingHasImageOutputPricing } from '../utils/tiered-pricing'
 
@@ -779,6 +781,7 @@ function enterManualEntryMode() {
 }
 
 function reopenPresetPanel() {
+  clearSelection()
   presetPanelCollapsed.value = false
 }
 
@@ -1067,8 +1070,6 @@ function selectModel(model: ModelsDevModelItem) {
   imageGenerationExplicitOverride.value = null
   selectedModel.value = model
   expandedProvider.value = model.providerId
-  form.value.name = model.modelId
-  form.value.display_name = model.modelName
 
   // 构建 config
   const config: Record<string, unknown> = {
@@ -1088,11 +1089,16 @@ function selectModel(model: ModelsDevModelItem) {
   if (model.releaseDate) config.release_date = model.releaseDate
   if (model.inputModalities?.length) config.input_modalities = model.inputModalities
   if (model.outputModalities?.length) config.output_modalities = model.outputModalities
-  form.value.config = config
   const supportedCapabilities = new Set<string>()
   if (model.supportsEmbedding) supportedCapabilities.add('embedding')
   if (model.outputModalities?.includes('image')) supportedCapabilities.add('image_generation')
-  form.value.supported_capabilities = [...supportedCapabilities]
+  form.value = {
+    ...defaultForm(),
+    name: model.modelId,
+    display_name: model.modelName,
+    config,
+    supported_capabilities: [...supportedCapabilities],
+  }
   if (model.supportsEmbedding) {
     setEmbeddingEnabled(true)
   }
@@ -1106,7 +1112,7 @@ function selectModel(model: ModelsDevModelItem) {
   loadVideoPricingFromConfig()
 
   tieredPricing.value = model.tieredPricing
-    ? structuredClone(model.tieredPricing)
+    ? cloneTieredPricingConfig(model.tieredPricing)
     : null
 
   presetPanelCollapsed.value = true
@@ -1119,6 +1125,7 @@ function clearSelection() {
   selectedModel.value = null
   form.value = defaultForm()
   tieredPricing.value = null
+  videoResolutionPrices.value = []
   billingMode.value = 'token'
 }
 
@@ -1191,6 +1198,10 @@ const { isEditMode, handleDialogUpdate, handleCancel } = useFormDialog({
   resetForm,
 })
 
+const autoFillMissingCachePrices = computed(() => (
+  !isEditMode.value && selectedModel.value === null
+))
+
 async function handleSubmit() {
   if (!form.value.name || !form.value.display_name) {
     showError('请填写模型ID和名称')

frontend/src/features/models/components/TieredPricingEditor.vue

@@ -481,9 +481,11 @@ const props = withDefaults(defineProps<{
   showCache1h?: boolean
   showImagePricing?: boolean
   showImageEditor?: boolean
+  autoFillMissingCachePrices?: boolean
 }>(), {
   showTokenPricing: true,
   showImageEditor: true,
+  autoFillMissingCachePrices: true,
 })
 const emit = defineEmits<{
   'update:modelValue': [value: TieredPricingConfig | null]
@@ -508,6 +510,7 @@ const activePricingScope = ref(STANDARD_PRICING_SCOPE)
 const processingTierKeysEdited = ref(false)
 const originalEmptyProcessingTiers = ref<'absent' | 'null' | 'object'>('absent')
 const lastEmittedPricingJson = ref<string>('')
+let initializedAutoFillMissingCachePrices: boolean | undefined
 let imageOutputPriceRowId = 0
 let imageOutputPriceRangeRowId = 0
 
@@ -608,11 +611,17 @@ const customInputValue = reactive<Record<number, string>>({})
 
 // 初始化
 watch(
-  () => props.modelValue,
-  (newValue) => {
-    if (lastEmittedPricingJson.value && JSON.stringify(newValue ?? null) === lastEmittedPricingJson.value) {
+  [() => props.modelValue, () => props.autoFillMissingCachePrices],
+  ([newValue, autoFillMissingCachePrices]) => {
+    if (
+      initializedAutoFillMissingCachePrices === autoFillMissingCachePrices
+      && lastEmittedPricingJson.value
+      && JSON.stringify(newValue ?? null) === lastEmittedPricingJson.value
+    ) {
       return
     }
+    lastEmittedPricingJson.value = ''
+    initializedAutoFillMissingCachePrices = autoFillMissingCachePrices
     if (newValue?.tiers) {
       const clonedValue = cloneJson(newValue)
       basePricingConfig.value = clonedValue
@@ -726,19 +735,28 @@ function initializeScopeCacheState(scope: string, tiers: PricingTier[]) {
 
 function createCacheMultiplierDraft(tier: PricingTier): CacheMultiplierDraft {
   return {
-    creation: String(cacheMultiplierFromPrice(
+    creation: createCacheMultiplierDraftValue(
       tier.input_price_per_1m,
       tier.cache_creation_price_per_1m,
       1.25,
-    )),
-    read: String(cacheMultiplierFromPrice(
+    ),
+    read: createCacheMultiplierDraftValue(
       tier.input_price_per_1m,
       tier.cache_read_price_per_1m,
       0.1,
-    )),
+    ),
   }
 }
 
+function createCacheMultiplierDraftValue(
+  inputPrice: number,
+  cachePrice: number | undefined,
+  fallback: number,
+): string {
+  if (cachePrice == null && !props.autoFillMissingCachePrices) return ''
+  return String(cacheMultiplierFromPrice(inputPrice, cachePrice, fallback))
+}
+
 function getCachePriceMode(index: number): CachePriceMode {
   return cachePriceModes.value?.[index] ?? 'multiplier'
 }
@@ -756,10 +774,19 @@ function toggleCachePriceMode(index: number) {
   const tier = localTiers.value[index]
   const modes = cachePriceModes.value
   const drafts = cacheMultiplierDrafts.value
+  const manualState = requireActiveCacheManualState()
   if (!tier || !modes || !drafts) return
   if (getCachePriceMode(index) === 'multiplier') {
-    tier.cache_creation_price_per_1m = getResolvedCacheCreationPrice(index)
-    tier.cache_read_price_per_1m = getResolvedCacheReadPrice(index)
+    if (props.autoFillMissingCachePrices || manualState[index]?.creation) {
+      tier.cache_creation_price_per_1m = getResolvedCacheCreationPrice(index)
+    } else {
+      delete tier.cache_creation_price_per_1m
+    }
+    if (props.autoFillMissingCachePrices || manualState[index]?.read) {
+      tier.cache_read_price_per_1m = getResolvedCacheReadPrice(index)
+    } else {
+      delete tier.cache_read_price_per_1m
+    }
     modes[index] = 'price'
   } else {
     drafts[index] = createCacheMultiplierDraft(tier)
@@ -1176,18 +1203,26 @@ function buildTiersForScope(scope: string, includeAutomaticCache: boolean): Pric
     const tier = cloneJson(sourceTier)
     const state = manualState[index]
 
-    tier.cache_creation_price_per_1m = resolveCachePriceForScope(
-      scope,
-      index,
-      sourceTier,
-      'creation',
-    )
-    tier.cache_read_price_per_1m = resolveCachePriceForScope(
-      scope,
-      index,
-      sourceTier,
-      'read',
-    )
+    if (props.autoFillMissingCachePrices || state?.creation) {
+      tier.cache_creation_price_per_1m = resolveCachePriceForScope(
+        scope,
+        index,
+        sourceTier,
+        'creation',
+      )
+    } else {
+      delete tier.cache_creation_price_per_1m
+    }
+    if (props.autoFillMissingCachePrices || state?.read) {
+      tier.cache_read_price_per_1m = resolveCachePriceForScope(
+        scope,
+        index,
+        sourceTier,
+        'read',
+      )
+    } else {
+      delete tier.cache_read_price_per_1m
+    }
 
     if (props.showCache1h) {
       if (state?.cache1h && sourceTier.cache_ttl_pricing?.length) {
@@ -1479,23 +1514,33 @@ function confirmCustomInput(index: number) {
 }
 
 function updateCacheCreation(index: number, value: string | number) {
+  const manualState = requireActiveCacheManualState()
+  const hasValue = value !== '' && value !== null && value !== undefined
+  manualState[index] = { ...manualState[index], creation: hasValue }
   if (getCachePriceMode(index) === 'multiplier') {
     getCacheMultiplierDraft(index).creation = String(value ?? '')
   } else {
-    localTiers.value[index].cache_creation_price_per_1m = value === ''
-      ? undefined
-      : parseFloatInput(value)
+    if (hasValue) {
+      localTiers.value[index].cache_creation_price_per_1m = parseFloatInput(value)
+    } else {
+      delete localTiers.value[index].cache_creation_price_per_1m
+    }
   }
   syncToParent()
 }
 
 function updateCacheRead(index: number, value: string | number) {
+  const manualState = requireActiveCacheManualState()
+  const hasValue = value !== '' && value !== null && value !== undefined
+  manualState[index] = { ...manualState[index], read: hasValue }
   if (getCachePriceMode(index) === 'multiplier') {
     getCacheMultiplierDraft(index).read = String(value ?? '')
   } else {
-    localTiers.value[index].cache_read_price_per_1m = value === ''
-      ? undefined
-      : parseFloatInput(value)
+    if (hasValue) {
+      localTiers.value[index].cache_read_price_per_1m = parseFloatInput(value)
+    } else {
+      delete localTiers.value[index].cache_read_price_per_1m
+    }
   }
   syncToParent()
 }

frontend/src/features/models/components/__tests__/GlobalModelFormDialog.prefill.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import {
+  createApp,
+  defineComponent,
+  h,
+  nextTick,
+  ref,
+  type App,
+} from 'vue'
+
+import type { ModelsDevModelItem } from '@/api/models-dev'
+import GlobalModelFormDialog from '../GlobalModelFormDialog.vue'
+
+const modelsDevMocks = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  getModelsDevList: vi.fn(),
+}))
+
+const globalModelMocks = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  createGlobalModel: vi.fn(),
+  updateGlobalModel: vi.fn(),
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/api/models-dev', () => ({
+  getModelsDevList: modelsDevMocks.getModelsDevList,
+  getProviderLogoUrl: (providerId: string) => `/logos/${providerId}.svg`,
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/api/global-models', () => ({
+  createGlobalModel: globalModelMocks.createGlobalModel,
+  updateGlobalModel: globalModelMocks.updateGlobalModel,
+}))
+
+const mountedApps: Array<{ app: App, root: HTMLElement }> = []
+
+const stalePreset: ModelsDevModelItem = {
+  providerId: 'openai',
+  providerName: 'OpenAI',
+  modelId: 'stale-model',
+  modelName: 'Stale Model',
+  official: true,
+  supportsReasoning: true,
+  inputPrice: 1,
+  outputPrice: 2,
+  tieredPricing: {
+    tiers: [{
+      up_to: null,
+      input_price_per_1m: 1,
+      output_price_per_1m: 2,
+    }],
+    processing_tiers: {
+      priority: {
+        tiers: [{
+          up_to: null,
+          input_price_per_1m: 2,
+          output_price_per_1m: 4,
+        }],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+}
+
+const freshPreset: ModelsDevModelItem = {
+  providerId: 'openai',
+  providerName: 'OpenAI',
+  modelId: 'fresh-model',
+  modelName: 'Fresh Model',
+  family: 'fresh-family',
+  official: true,
+  supportsTemperature: false,
+  contextLimit: 128_000,
+  outputLimit: 4_096,
+  inputModalities: ['text'],
+  outputModalities: ['text'],
+  inputPrice: 3,
+  outputPrice: 4,
+  tieredPricing: {
+    tiers: [
+      {
+        up_to: 99_999,
+        input_price_per_1m: 3,
+        output_price_per_1m: 4,
+      },
+      {
+        up_to: null,
+        input_price_per_1m: 5,
+        output_price_per_1m: 6,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+}
+
+function mountDialog() {
+  const root = document.createElement('div')
+  document.body.appendChild(root)
+  const open = ref(false)
+  const app = createApp(defineComponent({
+    setup() {
+      return () => h(GlobalModelFormDialog, {
+        open: open.value,
+        model: null,
+      })
+    },
+  }))
+  app.mount(root)
+  mountedApps.push({ app, root })
+  open.value = true
+  return { root, open }
+}
+
+async function settle() {
+  for (let index = 0; index < 5; index += 1) {
+    await Promise.resolve()
+    await nextTick()
+  }
+}
+
+function findButton(text: string): HTMLButtonElement {
+  const button = [...document.body.querySelectorAll('button')]
+    .find(candidate => candidate.textContent?.trim().includes(text))
+  if (!(button instanceof HTMLButtonElement)) {
+    throw new Error(`Missing button containing: ${text}`)
+  }
+  return button
+}
+
+function findExactButton(text: string): HTMLButtonElement {
+  const button = [...document.body.querySelectorAll('button')]
+    .find(candidate => candidate.textContent?.trim() === text)
+  if (!(button instanceof HTMLButtonElement)) {
+    throw new Error(`Missing button: ${text}`)
+  }
+  return button
+}
+
+async function setInput(input: HTMLInputElement | null, value: string) {
+  if (!input) throw new Error('Missing input')
+  input.value = value
+  input.dispatchEvent(new Event('input', { bubbles: true }))
+  await nextTick()
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  modelsDevMocks.getModelsDevList.mockReset()
+  modelsDevMocks.getModelsDevList.mockResolvedValue([stalePreset, freshPreset])
+  globalModelMocks.createGlobalModel.mockReset()
+  globalModelMocks.createGlobalModel.mockResolvedValue({})
+  globalModelMocks.updateGlobalModel.mockReset()
+  Object.defineProperty(HTMLElement.prototype, 'scrollIntoView', {
+    value: vi.fn(),
+    configurable: true,
+  })
+})
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  for (const { app, root } of mountedApps.splice(0)) {
+    app.unmount()
+    root.remove()
+  }
+  document.body.innerHTML = ''
+})
+
+describe('GlobalModelFormDialog preset replacement', () => {
+  it('drops the previous draft and submits only the newly selected model preset', async () => {
+    mountDialog()
+    await settle()
+
+    findButton('Stale Model').click()
+    await settle()
+
+    await setInput(
+      document.body.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('input[placeholder="如 0.01"]'),
+      '0.25',
+    )
+    await setInput(
+      document.body.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('#model-description'),
+      'must not leak into the next preset',
+    )
+    await setInput(
+      document.body.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('[data-testid="tier-input-price"]'),
+      '99',
+    )
+    findExactButton('视频').click()
+    await nextTick()
+    findExactButton('Sora').click()
+    await nextTick()
+
+    findButton('返回选择模型').click()
+    await settle()
+    findButton('Fresh Model').click()
+    await settle()
+
+    expect(document.body.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('#model-name')?.value).toBe('fresh-model')
+    expect(document.body.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('#model-display-name')?.value).toBe('Fresh Model')
+    expect(document.body.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('#model-description')?.value).toBe('')
+    expect(document.body.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('input[placeholder="如 0.01"]')?.value).toBe('')
+    expect(
+      [...document.body.querySelectorAll<HTMLInputElement>('[data-testid="tier-input-price"]')]
+        .map(input => input.value),
+    ).toEqual(['3', '5'])
+
+    findExactButton('添加').click()
+    await settle()
+
+    expect(globalModelMocks.createGlobalModel).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
+    const payload = globalModelMocks.createGlobalModel.mock.calls[0][0]
+    expect(payload).toMatchObject({
+      name: 'fresh-model',
+      display_name: 'Fresh Model',
+      default_price_per_request: undefined,
+      config: {
+        streaming: true,
+        context_limit: 128_000,
+        output_limit: 4_096,
+        family: 'fresh-family',
+        input_modalities: ['text'],
+        output_modalities: ['text'],
+      },
+      default_tiered_pricing: {
+        tiers: [
+          {
+            up_to: 99_999,
+            input_price_per_1m: 3,
+            output_price_per_1m: 4,
+          },
+          {
+            up_to: null,
+            input_price_per_1m: 5,
+            output_price_per_1m: 6,
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    })
+    expect(payload.config).not.toHaveProperty('description')
+    expect(payload.config).not.toHaveProperty('billing')
+    expect(payload.default_tiered_pricing).not.toHaveProperty('processing_tiers')
+    expect(payload.default_tiered_pricing.tiers).toEqual([
+      {
+        up_to: 99_999,
+        input_price_per_1m: 3,
+        output_price_per_1m: 4,
+      },
+      {
+        up_to: null,
+        input_price_per_1m: 5,
+        output_price_per_1m: 6,
+      },
+    ])
+  })
+})

frontend/src/features/models/components/__tests__/TieredPricingEditor.processing-tiers.spec.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,13 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
-import { createApp, defineComponent, h, nextTick, type App, type ComponentPublicInstance } from 'vue'
+import {
+  createApp,
+  defineComponent,
+  h,
+  nextTick,
+  shallowRef,
+  type App,
+  type ComponentPublicInstance,
+} from 'vue'
 
 import type { TieredPricingConfig } from '@/api/endpoints/types'
 import TieredPricingEditor from '../TieredPricingEditor.vue'
@@ -14,6 +22,7 @@ const mountedApps: Array<{ app: App, root: HTMLElement }> = []
 function mountEditor(
   modelValue: TieredPricingConfig,
   options: {
+    autoFillMissingCachePrices?: boolean
     showCache1h?: boolean
     showImagePricing?: boolean
     showTokenPricing?: boolean
@@ -23,6 +32,7 @@ function mountEditor(
   const root = document.createElement('div')
   document.body.appendChild(root)
   const onUpdate = vi.fn()
+  const currentModelValue = shallowRef(modelValue)
   let editor: TieredPricingEditorExposed | null = null
 
   const app = createApp(defineComponent({
@@ -31,7 +41,8 @@ function mountEditor(
         ref: (instance: unknown) => {
           editor = instance as TieredPricingEditorExposed | null
         },
-        modelValue,
+        modelValue: currentModelValue.value,
+        autoFillMissingCachePrices: options.autoFillMissingCachePrices,
         showCache1h: options.showCache1h,
         showImagePricing: options.showImagePricing,
         showTokenPricing: options.showTokenPricing,
@@ -47,6 +58,9 @@ function mountEditor(
   return {
     root,
     onUpdate,
+    setModelValue: (value: TieredPricingConfig) => {
+      currentModelValue.value = value
+    },
     getFinalPricing: () => {
       if (!editor) throw new Error('TieredPricingEditor ref was not mounted')
       return editor.getFinalPricing()
@@ -280,6 +294,148 @@ describe('TieredPricingEditor processing tiers', () => {
     expect(result.processing_tiers?.priority.tiers?.[0].cache_creation_price_per_1m).toBe(20)
   })
 
+  it('keeps absent cache prices empty and absent when automatic cache filling is disabled', () => {
+    const pricing = {
+      tiers: [{ up_to: null, input_price_per_1m: 5, output_price_per_1m: 30 }],
+    } as TieredPricingConfig
+    const { root, getFinalPricing } = mountEditor(pricing, {
+      autoFillMissingCachePrices: false,
+    })
+
+    const creation = root.querySelector(
+      'input[aria-label="Standard 阶梯 1 缓存创建倍率"]',
+    ) as HTMLInputElement
+    const read = root.querySelector(
+      'input[aria-label="Standard 阶梯 1 缓存读取倍率"]',
+    ) as HTMLInputElement
+
+    expect(creation.value).toBe('')
+    expect(read.value).toBe('')
+    expect(getFinalPricing().tiers).toEqual([
+      { up_to: null, input_price_per_1m: 5, output_price_per_1m: 30 },
+    ])
+  })
+
+  it('preserves only the explicitly supplied side of cache pricing when automatic filling is disabled', () => {
+    const pricing = {
+      tiers: [
+        {
+          up_to: 128_000,
+          input_price_per_1m: 5,
+          output_price_per_1m: 30,
+          cache_creation_price_per_1m: 6.25,
+        },
+        {
+          up_to: null,
+          input_price_per_1m: 7,
+          output_price_per_1m: 42,
+          cache_read_price_per_1m: 0.7,
+        },
+      ],
+    } as TieredPricingConfig
+    const { root, getFinalPricing } = mountEditor(pricing, {
+      autoFillMissingCachePrices: false,
+    })
+
+    const creationValues = [...root.querySelectorAll<HTMLInputElement>(
+      'input[aria-label*="缓存创建倍率"]',
+    )].map(input => input.value)
+    const readValues = [...root.querySelectorAll<HTMLInputElement>(
+      'input[aria-label*="缓存读取倍率"]',
+    )].map(input => input.value)
+
+    expect(creationValues).toEqual(['1.25', ''])
+    expect(readValues).toEqual(['', '0.1'])
+    expect(getFinalPricing().tiers).toEqual(pricing.tiers)
+  })
+
+  it('adds and removes only the cache price edited by the user when automatic filling is disabled', async () => {
+    const pricing = {
+      tiers: [{ up_to: null, input_price_per_1m: 5, output_price_per_1m: 30 }],
+    } as TieredPricingConfig
+    const { root, getFinalPricing } = mountEditor(pricing, {
+      autoFillMissingCachePrices: false,
+    })
+    const read = root.querySelector(
+      'input[aria-label="Standard 阶梯 1 缓存读取倍率"]',
+    ) as HTMLInputElement
+
+    read.value = '0.2'
+    read.dispatchEvent(new Event('input', { bubbles: true }))
+    await nextTick()
+
+    expect(getFinalPricing().tiers).toEqual([{
+      up_to: null,
+      input_price_per_1m: 5,
+      output_price_per_1m: 30,
+      cache_read_price_per_1m: 1,
+    }])
+
+    read.value = ''
+    read.dispatchEvent(new Event('input', { bubbles: true }))
+    await nextTick()
+
+    expect(getFinalPricing().tiers).toEqual([{
+      up_to: null,
+      input_price_per_1m: 5,
+      output_price_per_1m: 30,
+    }])
+  })
+
+  it('does not turn absent cache prices into zero when switching editor modes', async () => {
+    const pricing = {
+      tiers: [{ up_to: null, input_price_per_1m: 5, output_price_per_1m: 30 }],
+    } as TieredPricingConfig
+    const { root, getFinalPricing } = mountEditor(pricing, {
+      autoFillMissingCachePrices: false,
+    })
+
+    click(root.querySelector(
+      'button[aria-label="Standard 阶梯 1 切换缓存价格输入方式"]',
+    ))
+    await nextTick()
+
+    expect((root.querySelector(
+      'input[aria-label="Standard 阶梯 1 缓存创建价格"]',
+    ) as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('')
+    expect((root.querySelector(
+      'input[aria-label="Standard 阶梯 1 缓存读取价格"]',
+    ) as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('')
+    expect(getFinalPricing().tiers).toEqual(pricing.tiers)
+  })
+
+  it('rebuilds when an external model later matches an older emitted value', async () => {
+    const pricing = {
+      tiers: [{ up_to: null, input_price_per_1m: 5, output_price_per_1m: 30 }],
+    } as TieredPricingConfig
+    const { root, onUpdate, setModelValue } = mountEditor(pricing, {
+      autoFillMissingCachePrices: false,
+    })
+    const read = root.querySelector(
+      'input[aria-label="Standard 阶梯 1 缓存读取倍率"]',
+    ) as HTMLInputElement
+
+    read.value = '0.2'
+    read.dispatchEvent(new Event('input', { bubbles: true }))
+    await nextTick()
+    const olderEmittedValue = onUpdate.mock.lastCall?.[0] as TieredPricingConfig
+
+    setModelValue({
+      tiers: [{ up_to: null, input_price_per_1m: 7, output_price_per_1m: 42 }],
+    })
+    await nextTick()
+    expect((root.querySelector('[data-testid="tier-input-price"]') as HTMLInputElement).value)
+      .toBe('7')
+
+    setModelValue(olderEmittedValue)
+    await nextTick()
+    expect((root.querySelector('[data-testid="tier-input-price"]') as HTMLInputElement).value)
+      .toBe('5')
+    expect((root.querySelector(
+      'input[aria-label="Standard 阶梯 1 缓存读取倍率"]',
+    ) as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('0.2')
+  })
+
   it('keeps processing image catalogs editable when token controls are hidden', async () => {
     const pricing = {
       tiers: [{ up_to: null, input_price_per_1m: 5, output_price_per_1m: 30 }],

frontend/src/features/models/components/__tests__/global-model-form-helpers.spec.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { reactive } from 'vue'
 
 import {
   EMBEDDING_API_FORMATS,
   buildGlobalModelCreatePayload,
   buildGlobalModelUpdatePayload,
+  cloneTieredPricingConfig,
 } from '../global-model-form-helpers'
+import type { TieredPricingConfig } from '@/api/endpoints/types'
 
 const embeddingPricing = {
   tiers: [{ up_to: null, input_price_per_1m: 0.02, output_price_per_1m: 0 }],
@@ -66,3 +69,24 @@ describe('global model form embedding payload helpers', () => {
     })
   })
 })
+
+describe('global model form pricing presets', () => {
+  it('clones reactive pricing before opening the preset editor', () => {
+    const pricing = reactive({
+      tiers: [{
+        up_to: null,
+        input_price_per_1m: 3,
+        output_price_per_1m: 15,
+      }],
+    }) as TieredPricingConfig
+
+    const cloned = cloneTieredPricingConfig(pricing)
+
+    expect(cloned).toEqual(pricing)
+    expect(cloned).not.toBe(pricing)
+    expect(cloned.tiers[0]).not.toBe(pricing.tiers[0])
+
+    cloned.tiers[0].input_price_per_1m = 9
+    expect(pricing.tiers[0].input_price_per_1m).toBe(3)
+  })
+})

frontend/src/features/models/components/global-model-form-helpers.ts

@@ -23,6 +23,14 @@ export interface GlobalModelFormPayloadState {
   is_active?: boolean
 }
 
+export function cloneTieredPricingConfig(
+  pricing: TieredPricingConfig,
+): TieredPricingConfig {
+  // Presets live inside a Vue ref and can therefore be reactive proxies, which
+  // structuredClone cannot clone directly. Pricing configs are JSON payloads.
+  return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(pricing)) as TieredPricingConfig
+}
+
 function cleanGlobalModelConfig(form: GlobalModelFormPayloadState): Record<string, unknown> | undefined {
   return form.config && Object.keys(form.config).length > 0 ? form.config : undefined
 }

frontend/src/features/pool/components/PoolAccountBatchDialog.vue

@@ -210,30 +210,228 @@
             <div class="text-xs font-medium text-foreground">
               执行动作
             </div>
-            <div class="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
-              代理节点（仅“配置代理”动作生效）
-            </div>
-            <ProxyNodeSelect
-              :model-value="proxyNodeIdForAction"
-              trigger-class="h-8"
-              @update:model-value="(v: string) => proxyNodeIdForAction = v"
-            />
             <div class="grid gap-2 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-1">
               <Button
                 v-for="item in ACTION_OPTIONS"
                 :key="item.value"
-                class="h-8 w-full px-3 text-xs"
+                class="h-9 w-full px-3 text-xs"
                 :variant="getActionButtonVariant(item)"
-                :disabled="!canExecuteSpecifiedAction(item.value)"
-                @click="confirmAndExecuteAction(item.value)"
+                :disabled="!canSelectAction(item.value)"
+                @click="handleActionButtonClick(item.value)"
               >
                 {{ item.label }}
               </Button>
             </div>
+
+            <div
+              v-if="selectedAction === 'set_proxy'"
+              class="space-y-2 border-t border-border/60 pt-3"
+            >
+              <div class="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">选择要绑定的代理节点</div>
+              <ProxyNodeSelect
+                :model-value="proxyNodeIdForAction"
+                trigger-class="h-9"
+                @update:model-value="(v: string) => proxyNodeIdForAction = v"
+              />
+              <Button
+                class="h-9 w-full text-xs"
+                :disabled="!canExecuteSpecifiedAction('set_proxy')"
+                @click="confirmAndExecuteAction('set_proxy')"
+              >
+                应用代理设置
+              </Button>
+            </div>
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>
 
+      <section
+        v-if="selectedAction === 'update_settings'"
+        class="space-y-3 rounded-lg border border-primary/25 bg-primary/5 p-3 sm:p-4"
+      >
+        <div class="flex flex-wrap items-start justify-between gap-2">
+          <div>
+            <h3 class="text-sm font-semibold">更多设置</h3>
+            <p class="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">仅更新已勾选字段，未勾选配置保持不变</p>
+          </div>
+          <Badge variant="outline" class="tabular-nums">已选 {{ selectedSettingsCount }} 项</Badge>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="grid gap-3 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3">
+          <div class="space-y-2 rounded-md border bg-background p-3">
+            <div class="flex min-h-6 items-center gap-2">
+              <Checkbox
+                :checked="settingsSelection.internal_priority"
+                @update:checked="settingsSelection.internal_priority = $event === true"
+              />
+              <Label class="text-xs">优先级</Label>
+            </div>
+            <Input
+              v-model.number="settingsDraft.internal_priority"
+              type="number"
+              min="0"
+              class="h-9"
+              :disabled="!settingsSelection.internal_priority"
+            />
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="space-y-2 rounded-md border bg-background p-3">
+            <div class="flex min-h-6 items-center gap-2">
+              <Checkbox
+                :checked="settingsSelection.rpm_limit"
+                @update:checked="settingsSelection.rpm_limit = $event === true"
+              />
+              <Label class="text-xs">RPM 限制</Label>
+            </div>
+            <Input
+              :model-value="settingsDraft.rpm_limit ?? ''"
+              type="number"
+              min="1"
+              max="10000"
+              class="h-9"
+              placeholder="留空为自适应"
+              :disabled="!settingsSelection.rpm_limit"
+              @update:model-value="settingsDraft.rpm_limit = parseNullableNumberInput($event, { min: 1, max: 10000 })"
+            />
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="space-y-2 rounded-md border bg-background p-3">
+            <div class="flex min-h-6 items-center gap-2">
+              <Checkbox
+                :checked="settingsSelection.concurrent_limit"
+                @update:checked="settingsSelection.concurrent_limit = $event === true"
+              />
+              <Label class="text-xs">并发请求上限</Label>
+            </div>
+            <Input
+              :model-value="settingsDraft.concurrent_limit ?? ''"
+              type="number"
+              min="0"
+              class="h-9"
+              placeholder="留空为不限制"
+              :disabled="!settingsSelection.concurrent_limit"
+              @update:model-value="settingsDraft.concurrent_limit = parseNullableNumberInput($event, { min: 0 })"
+            />
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="space-y-2 rounded-md border bg-background p-3">
+            <div class="flex min-h-6 items-center gap-2">
+              <Checkbox
+                :checked="settingsSelection.cache_ttl_minutes"
+                @update:checked="settingsSelection.cache_ttl_minutes = $event === true"
+              />
+              <Label class="text-xs">缓存 TTL（分钟）</Label>
+            </div>
+            <Input
+              :model-value="settingsDraft.cache_ttl_minutes"
+              type="number"
+              min="0"
+              max="60"
+              class="h-9"
+              :disabled="!settingsSelection.cache_ttl_minutes"
+              @update:model-value="settingsDraft.cache_ttl_minutes = parseNumberInput($event, { min: 0, max: 60 }) ?? 5"
+            />
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="space-y-2 rounded-md border bg-background p-3">
+            <div class="flex min-h-6 items-center gap-2">
+              <Checkbox
+                :checked="settingsSelection.max_probe_interval_minutes"
+                @update:checked="settingsSelection.max_probe_interval_minutes = $event === true"
+              />
+              <Label class="text-xs">熔断探测（分钟）</Label>
+            </div>
+            <Input
+              :model-value="settingsDraft.max_probe_interval_minutes"
+              type="number"
+              min="0"
+              max="32"
+              class="h-9"
+              :disabled="!settingsSelection.max_probe_interval_minutes"
+              @update:model-value="settingsDraft.max_probe_interval_minutes = parseNumberInput($event, { min: 0, max: 32 }) ?? 32"
+            />
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="space-y-2 rounded-md border bg-background p-3">
+            <div class="flex min-h-6 items-center gap-2">
+              <Checkbox
+                :checked="settingsSelection.is_active"
+                @update:checked="settingsSelection.is_active = $event === true"
+              />
+              <Label class="text-xs">启用状态</Label>
+            </div>
+            <Select v-model="settingsStatus" :disabled="!settingsSelection.is_active">
+              <SelectTrigger class="h-9"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
+              <SelectContent>
+                <SelectItem value="enabled">启用</SelectItem>
+                <SelectItem value="disabled">停用</SelectItem>
+              </SelectContent>
+            </Select>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="space-y-2 rounded-md border bg-background p-3 sm:col-span-2">
+            <div class="flex min-h-6 items-center gap-2">
+              <Checkbox
+                :checked="settingsSelection.proxy_node_id"
+                @update:checked="settingsSelection.proxy_node_id = $event === true"
+              />
+              <Label class="text-xs">账号代理</Label>
+            </div>
+            <div class="grid gap-2 sm:grid-cols-[9rem_minmax(0,1fr)]">
+              <Select v-model="settingsDraft.proxy_mode" :disabled="!settingsSelection.proxy_node_id">
+                <SelectTrigger class="h-9"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
+                <SelectContent>
+                  <SelectItem value="set">设置节点</SelectItem>
+                  <SelectItem value="clear">清除代理</SelectItem>
+                </SelectContent>
+              </Select>
+              <ProxyNodeSelect
+                v-if="settingsDraft.proxy_mode === 'set'"
+                :model-value="settingsDraft.proxy_node_id"
+                trigger-class="h-9"
+                :class="!settingsSelection.proxy_node_id ? 'pointer-events-none opacity-50' : ''"
+                @update:model-value="(value: string) => settingsDraft.proxy_node_id = value"
+              />
+              <div
+                v-else
+                class="flex h-9 items-center rounded-md border bg-muted/30 px-3 text-xs text-muted-foreground"
+              >
+                回退到 Provider 默认代理
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="space-y-2 rounded-md border bg-background p-3">
+            <div class="flex min-h-6 items-center gap-2">
+              <Checkbox
+                :checked="settingsSelection.note"
+                @update:checked="settingsSelection.note = $event === true"
+              />
+              <Label class="text-xs">备注</Label>
+            </div>
+            <Input
+              v-model="settingsDraft.note"
+              class="h-9"
+              placeholder="留空清除备注"
+              :disabled="!settingsSelection.note"
+            />
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="flex flex-col gap-2 sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between">
+          <p class="min-h-5 text-xs text-destructive">
+            {{ settingsErrors[0] || '' }}
+          </p>
+          <Button
+            class="min-h-10 sm:min-w-36"
+            :disabled="!canExecuteSpecifiedAction('update_settings')"
+            @click="confirmAndExecuteAction('update_settings')"
+          >
+            应用更多设置
+          </Button>
+        </div>
+      </section>
+
       <div
         v-if="executing && progressTotal > 0"
         class="space-y-1"
@@ -270,8 +468,20 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { computed, onBeforeUnmount, ref, watch } from 'vue'
-import { Dialog, Button, Input, Checkbox, Badge } from '@/components/ui'
+import { computed, onBeforeUnmount, reactive, ref, watch } from 'vue'
+import {
+  Badge,
+  Button,
+  Checkbox,
+  Dialog,
+  Input,
+  Label,
+  Select,
+  SelectContent,
+  SelectItem,
+  SelectTrigger,
+  SelectValue,
+} from '@/components/ui'
 import ProxyNodeSelect from '@/features/providers/components/ProxyNodeSelect.vue'
 import { RefreshCw, ChevronLeft, ChevronRight, ChevronsLeft, ChevronsRight } from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import { useToast } from '@/composables/useToast'
@@ -302,6 +512,13 @@ import {
 } from '@/utils/providerKeyStatus'
 import { getQuotaDisplayText } from '@/utils/providerKeyQuota'
 import { runChunkedBatchAction } from '@/utils/batchAction'
+import { parseNullableNumberInput, parseNumberInput } from '@/utils/form'
+import {
+  buildPoolKeySettingsPatch,
+  createPoolKeyBatchSettingSelection,
+  createPoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft,
+  validatePoolKeyBatchSettings,
+} from '@/features/pool/utils/poolKeyBatchSettings'
 
 type QuickSelectorValue =
   | 'banned'
@@ -322,6 +539,7 @@ type BatchActionValue =
   | 'refresh_quota'
   | 'clear_proxy'
   | 'set_proxy'
+  | 'update_settings'
   | 'enable'
   | 'disable'
 
@@ -373,6 +591,7 @@ const ACTION_OPTIONS: BatchActionOption[] = [
   { value: 'refresh_quota', label: '刷新额度', hint: '调用额度刷新接口，适合核对最新配额状态。' },
   { value: 'refresh_oauth', label: '刷新 OAuth', hint: '仅对 OAuth 账号有效，非 OAuth 账号会自动跳过。' },
   { value: 'set_proxy', label: '配置代理', hint: '为选中账号绑定独立代理节点。' },
+  { value: 'update_settings', label: '更多设置', hint: '选择性修改 RPM、并发、熔断、备注和代理等配置。' },
   { value: 'clear_proxy', label: '清除代理', hint: '移除账号独立代理，回退到提供商默认代理。' },
   { value: 'enable', label: '启用', hint: '批量启用账号，恢复可调度状态。' },
   { value: 'disable', label: '禁用', hint: '批量禁用账号，保留数据但停止调度。' },
@@ -394,6 +613,12 @@ const selectAllFiltered = ref(false)
 const searchText = ref('')
 const selectedAction = ref<BatchActionValue>('refresh_quota')
 const proxyNodeIdForAction = ref('')
+const settingsSelection = reactive(createPoolKeyBatchSettingSelection())
+const settingsDraft = reactive(createPoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft())
+const settingsStatus = computed({
+  get: () => settingsDraft.is_active ? 'enabled' : 'disabled',
+  set: (value: string) => { settingsDraft.is_active = value === 'enabled' },
+})
 const lastResultMessage = ref('')
 const progressTotal = ref(0)
 const progressDone = ref(0)
@@ -448,6 +673,8 @@ const isCurrentPageFullySelected = computed(() => {
 })
 const canClearSelection = computed(() => selectAllFiltered.value || selectedKeyIds.value.length > 0)
 const activeQuickSelectorSet = computed(() => new Set(activeQuickSelectors.value))
+const settingsErrors = computed(() => validatePoolKeyBatchSettings(settingsSelection, settingsDraft))
+const selectedSettingsCount = computed(() => Object.values(settingsSelection).filter(Boolean).length)
 
 function sanitizeFileNamePart(value: unknown, fallback: string): string {
   const sanitized = String(value || '')
@@ -706,14 +933,33 @@ function toggleQuickSelector(selector: QuickSelectorValue): void {
 function canExecuteSpecifiedAction(action: BatchActionValue): boolean {
   if (executing.value || loading.value || selectedCount.value === 0) return false
   if (action === 'set_proxy') return Boolean(proxyNodeIdForAction.value)
+  if (action === 'update_settings') return settingsErrors.value.length === 0
   return true
 }
 
+function canSelectAction(action: BatchActionValue): boolean {
+  if (executing.value || loading.value) return false
+  if (action === 'set_proxy' || action === 'update_settings') return true
+  return selectedCount.value > 0
+}
+
 function getActionButtonVariant(option: BatchActionOption): 'default' | 'destructive' | 'outline' {
   if (option.destructive) return 'destructive'
+  if (
+    option.value === selectedAction.value
+    && (option.value === 'set_proxy' || option.value === 'update_settings')
+  ) return 'default'
   return 'outline'
 }
 
+function handleActionButtonClick(action: BatchActionValue): void {
+  if (action === 'set_proxy' || action === 'update_settings') {
+    selectedAction.value = action
+    return
+  }
+  void confirmAndExecuteAction(action)
+}
+
 async function confirmAndExecuteAction(action: BatchActionValue): Promise<void> {
   selectedAction.value = action
   if (selectedCount.value === 0) {
@@ -724,6 +970,10 @@ async function confirmAndExecuteAction(action: BatchActionValue): Promise<void>
     warning('请先选择代理节点')
     return
   }
+  if (action === 'update_settings' && settingsErrors.value.length > 0) {
+    warning(settingsErrors.value[0])
+    return
+  }
   if (!canExecuteSpecifiedAction(action)) return
 
   const actionOption = ACTION_OPTIONS.find((item) => item.value === action)
@@ -809,6 +1059,10 @@ async function executeAction(actionOverride?: BatchActionValue): Promise<void> {
     warning('请先选择代理节点')
     return
   }
+  if (selectedAction.value === 'update_settings' && settingsErrors.value.length > 0) {
+    warning(settingsErrors.value[0])
+    return
+  }
 
   executing.value = true
   let successCount = 0
@@ -930,7 +1184,7 @@ async function executeAction(actionOverride?: BatchActionValue): Promise<void> {
 
         progressDone.value = Math.min(i + BATCH_SIZE, targetIds.length)
       }
-    } else if (['enable', 'disable', 'clear_proxy', 'set_proxy'].includes(selectedAction.value)) {
+    } else if (['enable', 'disable', 'clear_proxy', 'set_proxy', 'update_settings'].includes(selectedAction.value)) {
       const targetIds = selectedKeys.map((key) => key.key_id)
       const BATCH_SIZE = 2000
       const totalBatches = Math.ceil(targetIds.length / BATCH_SIZE)
@@ -944,12 +1198,14 @@ async function executeAction(actionOverride?: BatchActionValue): Promise<void> {
 
         const payload = selectedAction.value === 'set_proxy'
           ? { node_id: proxyNodeIdForAction.value, enabled: true }
-          : undefined
+          : selectedAction.value === 'update_settings'
+            ? buildPoolKeySettingsPatch(settingsSelection, settingsDraft)
+            : undefined
 
         try {
           const result = await batchActionPoolKeys(props.providerId, {
             key_ids: batch,
-            action: selectedAction.value as 'enable' | 'disable' | 'clear_proxy' | 'set_proxy',
+            action: selectedAction.value as 'enable' | 'disable' | 'clear_proxy' | 'set_proxy' | 'update_settings',
             ...(payload ? { payload } : {}),
           })
           successCount += result.affected
@@ -1049,6 +1305,8 @@ watch(
     activeQuickSelectors.value = []
     selectedAction.value = 'refresh_quota'
     proxyNodeIdForAction.value = ''
+    Object.assign(settingsSelection, createPoolKeyBatchSettingSelection())
+    Object.assign(settingsDraft, createPoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft())
     resetSelection(true)
     filteredTotal.value = 0
     pageKeys.value = []

frontend/src/features/pool/utils/__tests__/poolKeyBatchSettings.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+import {
+  buildPoolKeySettingsPatch,
+  createPoolKeyBatchSettingSelection,
+  createPoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft,
+  validatePoolKeyBatchSettings,
+} from '../poolKeyBatchSettings'
+
+describe('pool key batch settings', () => {
+  it('only includes explicitly selected fields', () => {
+    const selection = createPoolKeyBatchSettingSelection()
+    const draft = createPoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft()
+    selection.rpm_limit = true
+    selection.proxy_node_id = true
+    draft.rpm_limit = 800
+    draft.proxy_mode = 'clear'
+
+    expect(buildPoolKeySettingsPatch(selection, draft)).toEqual({
+      rpm_limit: 800,
+      proxy_node_id: null,
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('supports adaptive RPM and unlimited concurrency', () => {
+    const selection = createPoolKeyBatchSettingSelection()
+    const draft = createPoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft()
+    selection.rpm_limit = true
+    selection.concurrent_limit = true
+
+    expect(validatePoolKeyBatchSettings(selection, draft)).toEqual([])
+    expect(buildPoolKeySettingsPatch(selection, draft)).toEqual({
+      rpm_limit: null,
+      concurrent_limit: null,
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('requires a selected field and a proxy node for set mode', () => {
+    const selection = createPoolKeyBatchSettingSelection()
+    const draft = createPoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft()
+
+    expect(validatePoolKeyBatchSettings(selection, draft)).toEqual(['请至少选择一个要修改的设置'])
+
+    selection.proxy_node_id = true
+    expect(validatePoolKeyBatchSettings(selection, draft)).toEqual(['请选择要设置的代理节点'])
+  })
+})

frontend/src/features/pool/utils/poolKeyBatchSettings.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+import type { PoolKeySettingsPatch } from '@/api/endpoints/pool'
+
+export type PoolKeyBatchSettingField =
+  | 'internal_priority'
+  | 'rpm_limit'
+  | 'concurrent_limit'
+  | 'cache_ttl_minutes'
+  | 'max_probe_interval_minutes'
+  | 'is_active'
+  | 'note'
+  | 'proxy_node_id'
+
+export type PoolKeyBatchSettingSelection = Record<PoolKeyBatchSettingField, boolean>
+
+export interface PoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft {
+  internal_priority: number
+  rpm_limit: number | null
+  concurrent_limit: number | null
+  cache_ttl_minutes: number
+  max_probe_interval_minutes: number
+  is_active: boolean
+  note: string
+  proxy_mode: 'set' | 'clear'
+  proxy_node_id: string
+}
+
+export function createPoolKeyBatchSettingSelection(): PoolKeyBatchSettingSelection {
+  return {
+    internal_priority: false,
+    rpm_limit: false,
+    concurrent_limit: false,
+    cache_ttl_minutes: false,
+    max_probe_interval_minutes: false,
+    is_active: false,
+    note: false,
+    proxy_node_id: false,
+  }
+}
+
+export function createPoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft(): PoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft {
+  return {
+    internal_priority: 50,
+    rpm_limit: null,
+    concurrent_limit: null,
+    cache_ttl_minutes: 5,
+    max_probe_interval_minutes: 32,
+    is_active: true,
+    note: '',
+    proxy_mode: 'set',
+    proxy_node_id: '',
+  }
+}
+
+export function validatePoolKeyBatchSettings(
+  selection: PoolKeyBatchSettingSelection,
+  draft: PoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft,
+): string[] {
+  const errors: string[] = []
+  if (!Object.values(selection).some(Boolean)) errors.push('请至少选择一个要修改的设置')
+  if (selection.internal_priority && (!Number.isInteger(draft.internal_priority) || draft.internal_priority < 0)) {
+    errors.push('优先级必须是大于等于 0 的整数')
+  }
+  if (selection.rpm_limit && draft.rpm_limit !== null && (
+    !Number.isInteger(draft.rpm_limit) || draft.rpm_limit < 1 || draft.rpm_limit > 10_000
+  )) {
+    errors.push('RPM 必须在 1 到 10000 之间，留空表示自适应')
+  }
+  if (selection.concurrent_limit && draft.concurrent_limit !== null && (
+    !Number.isInteger(draft.concurrent_limit) || draft.concurrent_limit < 0
+  )) {
+    errors.push('并发上限必须是大于等于 0 的整数')
+  }
+  if (selection.cache_ttl_minutes && (
+    !Number.isInteger(draft.cache_ttl_minutes) || draft.cache_ttl_minutes < 0 || draft.cache_ttl_minutes > 60
+  )) {
+    errors.push('缓存 TTL 必须在 0 到 60 分钟之间')
+  }
+  if (selection.max_probe_interval_minutes && (
+    !Number.isInteger(draft.max_probe_interval_minutes)
+    || draft.max_probe_interval_minutes < 0
+    || draft.max_probe_interval_minutes > 32
+  )) {
+    errors.push('熔断探测必须在 0 到 32 分钟之间')
+  }
+  if (selection.proxy_node_id && draft.proxy_mode === 'set' && !draft.proxy_node_id.trim()) {
+    errors.push('请选择要设置的代理节点')
+  }
+  return errors
+}
+
+export function buildPoolKeySettingsPatch(
+  selection: PoolKeyBatchSettingSelection,
+  draft: PoolKeyBatchSettingsDraft,
+): PoolKeySettingsPatch {
+  const patch: PoolKeySettingsPatch = {}
+  if (selection.internal_priority) patch.internal_priority = draft.internal_priority
+  if (selection.rpm_limit) patch.rpm_limit = draft.rpm_limit
+  if (selection.concurrent_limit) patch.concurrent_limit = draft.concurrent_limit
+  if (selection.cache_ttl_minutes) patch.cache_ttl_minutes = draft.cache_ttl_minutes
+  if (selection.max_probe_interval_minutes) {
+    patch.max_probe_interval_minutes = draft.max_probe_interval_minutes
+  }
+  if (selection.is_active) patch.is_active = draft.is_active
+  if (selection.note) patch.note = draft.note.trim() || null
+  if (selection.proxy_node_id) {
+    patch.proxy_node_id = draft.proxy_mode === 'clear' ? null : draft.proxy_node_id.trim()
+  }
+  return patch
+}

frontend/src/features/providers/components/EndpointFormDialog.vue

@@ -1051,7 +1051,7 @@ import { useI18n } from '@/i18n'
 import AlertDialog from '@/components/common/AlertDialog.vue'
 import EndpointConditionEditor from './EndpointConditionEditor.vue'
 import ProxyNodeSelect from './ProxyNodeSelect.vue'
-import { getDefaultEndpointBaseUrl, getDefaultEndpointPath, normalizeEndpointApiFormat } from './endpoint-default-paths'
+import { getDefaultEndpointBaseUrl, getDefaultEndpointPath } from './endpoint-default-paths'
 import { fixedEndpointUpstreamStreamPolicy } from './endpoint-protocol-policy'
 import { useProxyNodesStore } from '@/stores/proxy-nodes'
 import {

frontend/src/features/providers/components/ProviderDetailDrawer.vue

@@ -60,12 +60,22 @@
                     <h3 class="text-sm font-semibold">
                       {{ legacyT(isKeyManagedProviderType(provider.provider_type) ? '密钥管理' : '账号管理') }}
                     </h3>
-                    <div class="flex items-center gap-2">
+                    <div class="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-end gap-2">
+                      <Button
+                        v-if="endpoints.length > 0 && provider.provider_type === 'custom'"
+                        variant="outline"
+                        size="sm"
+                        class="h-9"
+                        @click="keyBatchImportDialogOpen = true"
+                      >
+                        <ListPlus class="mr-1.5 h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+                        批量导入
+                      </Button>
                       <Button
                         v-if="endpoints.length > 0"
                         variant="outline"
                         size="sm"
-                        class="h-8"
+                        class="h-9"
                         @click="handleAddKeyToFirstEndpoint"
                       >
                         <Plus class="w-3.5 h-3.5 mr-1.5" />
@@ -279,7 +289,7 @@
                         </div>
                       </div>
                       <div
-                        v-if="getCodexResetCreditsDisplay(key)"
+                        v-if="getCodexResetCreditAvailableCount(key) !== null"
                         class="mt-3 border-t border-border/60 pt-2"
                       >
                         <div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-1 gap-y-1 text-[10px] leading-4 text-muted-foreground">
@@ -823,6 +833,16 @@
     @saved="handleKeyChanged"
   />
 
+  <ProviderKeyBatchImportDialog
+    v-if="open && provider?.provider_type === 'custom'"
+    :open="keyBatchImportDialogOpen"
+    :provider-id="provider.id"
+    :provider-name="provider.name"
+    :available-api-formats="availableKeyApiFormats"
+    @close="keyBatchImportDialogOpen = false"
+    @saved="handleKeyChanged"
+  />
+
   <!-- OAuth 账号对话框 -->
   <OAuthAccountDialog
     v-if="open && provider"
@@ -913,6 +933,7 @@ import { ref, watch, computed, nextTick } from 'vue'
 import {
   Plus,
   Key,
+  ListPlus,
   Loader2,
   GripVertical,
   ShieldX,
@@ -951,6 +972,7 @@ import AlertDialog from '@/components/common/AlertDialog.vue'
 import AntigravityQuotaDialog from '@/features/providers/components/AntigravityQuotaDialog.vue'
 import FailoverRulesDialog from '@/features/providers/components/FailoverRulesDialog.vue'
 import ProviderDetailHeader from '@/features/providers/components/ProviderDetailHeader.vue'
+import ProviderKeyBatchImportDialog from '@/features/providers/components/ProviderKeyBatchImportDialog.vue'
 import ProviderKeyActionCluster from '@/features/providers/components/ProviderKeyActionCluster.vue'
 import ProviderKeyIdentityBlock from '@/features/providers/components/ProviderKeyIdentityBlock.vue'
 import ProviderMonthlyQuotaCard from '@/features/providers/components/ProviderMonthlyQuotaCard.vue'
@@ -993,10 +1015,6 @@ import type {
 } from '@/api/endpoints/types'
 import { formatApiFormatShort } from '@/api/endpoints/types/api-format'
 import { isOAuthAccountProviderType, isKeyManagedProviderType } from '../utils/providerTypeUtils'
-import {
-  isProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCoolingDown,
-  markProviderQuotaAutoRefreshAttempt,
-} from '../utils/quotaAutoRefreshCooldown'
 import { getOAuthOrgBadge } from '@/utils/oauthIdentity'
 import { getOAuthRefreshFeedback } from '@/utils/oauthRefreshFeedback'
 import { formatCompactNumber } from '@/utils/format'
@@ -1018,10 +1036,12 @@ import {
 } from '@/utils/providerKeyStatus'
 import { getGeminiCliAccountCreditsText } from '@/utils/providerKeyQuota'
 import {
+  createCodexResetCreditIdempotencyKey,
   formatCodexResetCreditCount as formatCodexResetCreditCountLabel,
   formatCodexResetCreditExpiresAt,
   getCodexResetCreditAvailableCount as getCodexResetCreditAvailableCountFromSnapshot,
   getVisibleCodexResetCreditItems as getVisibleCodexResetCreditItemsFromSnapshot,
+  mergeCodexQuotaDisplays,
 } from './codex-reset-credit-display'
 
 // 扩展端点类型,包含密钥列表
@@ -1085,6 +1105,7 @@ const endpointDialogOpen = ref(false)
 
 // 密钥相关状态
 const keyFormDialogOpen = ref(false)
+const keyBatchImportDialogOpen = ref(false)
 const keyPermissionsDialogOpen = ref(false)
 const oauthAccountDialogOpen = ref(false)
 const oauthKeyEditDialogOpen = ref(false)
@@ -1173,6 +1194,7 @@ const multiplierSaving = ref(false)
 const hasBlockingDialogOpen = computed(() =>
   endpointDialogOpen.value ||
   keyFormDialogOpen.value ||
+  keyBatchImportDialogOpen.value ||
   keyPermissionsDialogOpen.value ||
   oauthAccountDialogOpen.value ||
   oauthKeyEditDialogOpen.value ||
@@ -1319,6 +1341,7 @@ watch(
       // 重置所有对话框状态
       endpointDialogOpen.value = false
       keyFormDialogOpen.value = false
+      keyBatchImportDialogOpen.value = false
       keyPermissionsDialogOpen.value = false
       oauthAccountDialogOpen.value = false
       oauthKeyEditDialogOpen.value = false
@@ -1600,7 +1623,7 @@ async function handleRefreshOAuth(key: EndpointAPIKey) {
     }
     // Antigravity：token 刷新后可能完成了账号激活，触发配额获取
     // （不 emit('refresh')，避免触发全局 provider 余额刷新）
-    void autoRefreshQuotaInBackground({ ignoreCooldown: true })
+    void autoRefreshQuotaInBackground()
   } catch (err: unknown) {
     showError(localizedApiError(err, 'Token 刷新失败'), legacyT('错误'))
   } finally {
@@ -1673,13 +1696,6 @@ async function handleClearOAuthInvalid(key: EndpointAPIKey) {
   }
 }
 
-function createCodexResetCreditIdempotencyKey(): string {
-  if (typeof crypto !== 'undefined' && typeof crypto.randomUUID === 'function') {
-    return crypto.randomUUID()
-  }
-  throw new Error('浏览器不支持 crypto.randomUUID，无法生成安全幂等 ID')
-}
-
 function codexResetCreditOutcomeFeedback(
   result: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof consumeCodexResetCredit>>,
 ): { tone: 'success' | 'warning'; message: string } {
@@ -1951,20 +1967,6 @@ function getCodexQuotaDisplayFromSnapshot(quota: QuotaStatusSnapshot | null | un
   return Object.keys(display).length > 0 ? display : null
 }
 
-function getCodexQuotaDisplayUpdatedAt(display: CodexUpstreamMetadata | null | undefined): number | null {
-  const updatedAt = Number(display?.updated_at)
-  return Number.isFinite(updatedAt) ? updatedAt : null
-}
-
-function codexDisplayHasUsage(display: CodexUpstreamMetadata | null | undefined): boolean {
-  return !!display && (
-    display.primary_used_percent !== undefined
-    || display.secondary_used_percent !== undefined
-    || display.spark_primary_used_percent !== undefined
-    || display.spark_secondary_used_percent !== undefined
-  )
-}
-
 function codexDisplayHasResetCredits(display: CodexUpstreamMetadata | null | undefined): boolean {
   const count = display?.reset_credits?.available_count
   return typeof count === 'number' && Number.isFinite(count)
@@ -1973,20 +1975,7 @@ function codexDisplayHasResetCredits(display: CodexUpstreamMetadata | null | und
 function getCodexQuotaDisplay(key: EndpointAPIKey): CodexUpstreamMetadata | null {
   const snapshotDisplay = getCodexQuotaDisplayFromSnapshot(getQuotaSnapshotForProvider(key, 'codex'))
   const metadataDisplay = getCodexQuotaDisplayFromMetadata(key.upstream_metadata?.codex)
-
-  if (!snapshotDisplay) return metadataDisplay
-  if (!metadataDisplay) return snapshotDisplay
-  if (!codexDisplayHasUsage(snapshotDisplay) && codexDisplayHasUsage(metadataDisplay)) {
-    return metadataDisplay
-  }
-
-  const snapshotUpdatedAt = getCodexQuotaDisplayUpdatedAt(snapshotDisplay)
-  const metadataUpdatedAt = getCodexQuotaDisplayUpdatedAt(metadataDisplay)
-  if (metadataUpdatedAt !== null && (snapshotUpdatedAt === null || metadataUpdatedAt > snapshotUpdatedAt)) {
-    return metadataDisplay
-  }
-
-  return snapshotDisplay
+  return mergeCodexQuotaDisplays(snapshotDisplay, metadataDisplay)
 }
 
 function hasCodexQuotaDisplayData(key: EndpointAPIKey): boolean {
@@ -2479,7 +2468,7 @@ function shouldAutoRefreshCodexQuota(): boolean {
 
     if (isTokenExpiringSoon(key, now)) return true
 
-    // 只要有一个活跃 key 没有配额数据，就刷新一次
+    // reset-credit 独立于 Token 刷新；这里只按账号配额缓存决定是否后台更新
     if (!hasCodexQuotaDisplayData(key)) {
       return true
     }
@@ -2714,7 +2703,7 @@ function applyQuotaResults(
 }
 
 // 通用的自动刷新配额函数（支持 Codex、Gemini CLI、Antigravity、Kiro、Windsurf 和 ChatGPT Web）
-async function autoRefreshQuotaInBackground(options: { ignoreCooldown?: boolean } = {}) {
+async function autoRefreshQuotaInBackground() {
   const providerId = props.providerId
   if (!providerId) return
   if (refreshingQuota.value) return
@@ -2740,7 +2729,6 @@ async function autoRefreshQuotaInBackground(options: { ignoreCooldown?: boolean
     shouldRefresh = shouldAutoRefreshChatGPTWebQuota()
   }
   if (!shouldRefresh) return
-  if (!options.ignoreCooldown && isProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCoolingDown(providerId)) return
 
   let hadCachedQuota = false
   if (providerType === 'codex') {
@@ -2760,7 +2748,6 @@ async function autoRefreshQuotaInBackground(options: { ignoreCooldown?: boolean
   }
 
   refreshingQuota.value = true
-  markProviderQuotaAutoRefreshAttempt(providerId)
   try {
     const result = await refreshProviderQuota(providerId)
     const applied = applyQuotaResults(result.results)
@@ -2804,7 +2791,7 @@ async function handleKeyChanged() {
   await Promise.all([loadEndpoints(), loadMappingPreview()])
   emit('refresh')
   // 添加/修改 key 后自动获取已支持 provider 的配额（新 key 的 upstream_metadata 为空）
-  void autoRefreshQuotaInBackground({ ignoreCooldown: true })
+  void autoRefreshQuotaInBackground()
 }
 
 // 切换密钥启用状态

frontend/src/features/providers/components/ProviderKeyBatchImportDialog.vue

@@ -0,0 +1,585 @@
+<template>
+  <Dialog
+    :model-value="open"
+    title="批量导入 Key"
+    :description="providerName ? `${providerName} · 名称和 Key 均为必填` : '名称和 Key 均为必填'"
+    :icon="ListPlus"
+    size="4xl"
+    persistent
+    @update:model-value="handleDialogUpdate"
+  >
+    <div class="space-y-3.5">
+      <nav class="grid grid-cols-3 gap-1.5 rounded-xl bg-muted/40 p-1.5" aria-label="批量导入步骤">
+        <button
+          v-for="step in steps"
+          :key="step.id"
+          type="button"
+          class="flex min-h-10 items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg px-2 text-xs font-medium transition-[background-color,box-shadow,color,scale] active:scale-[0.96] disabled:cursor-default disabled:opacity-50 sm:text-sm"
+          :class="currentStep === step.id
+            ? 'bg-background text-foreground shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.06),0_1px_2px_rgb(0_0_0/0.06)] dark:shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(255_255_255/0.08)]'
+            : 'text-muted-foreground hover:bg-background/60 hover:text-foreground'"
+          :disabled="!canNavigateToStep(step.id)"
+          @click="goToStep(step.id)"
+        >
+          <span
+            class="flex h-5 w-5 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-md text-[10px] tabular-nums"
+            :class="currentStep === step.id ? 'bg-foreground text-background' : 'bg-muted text-muted-foreground'"
+          >{{ step.id }}</span>
+          <span class="truncate">{{ step.label }}</span>
+        </button>
+      </nav>
+
+      <section
+        v-if="currentStep === 1"
+        class="overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-background shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.07),0_1px_2px_-1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.08),0_3px_8px_-3px_rgb(0_0_0/0.08)] dark:shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(255_255_255/0.09)]"
+      >
+        <header class="flex min-h-14 items-center justify-between gap-3 border-b border-border/60 bg-muted/15 px-4 py-3">
+          <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-3">
+            <span class="flex h-7 w-7 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-md bg-foreground text-xs font-semibold text-background">1</span>
+            <div class="min-w-0">
+              <h3 class="text-balance text-sm font-semibold text-foreground">粘贴名称与 Key</h3>
+              <p class="text-pretty text-[11px] leading-4 text-muted-foreground">每行一条，仅接受四个短横线分隔</p>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <Badge
+            :variant="parsed.errors.length > 0 ? 'destructive' : parsed.items.length > 0 ? 'success' : 'secondary'"
+            class="shrink-0 tabular-nums"
+          >
+            {{ inputStatusText }}
+          </Badge>
+        </header>
+
+        <div class="min-w-0">
+            <Label for="provider-key-batch-input" class="sr-only">Key 列表</Label>
+            <Textarea
+              id="provider-key-batch-input"
+              v-model="inputText"
+              class="h-[280px] min-h-[220px] max-h-[520px] !resize-y !rounded-none !border-0 !bg-transparent !px-4 !py-4 font-mono text-[13px] leading-6 !shadow-none !ring-0 focus-visible:!ring-0"
+              spellcheck="false"
+              placeholder="主账号----sk-xxxx&#10;备用账号----sk-yyyy"
+            />
+            <div
+              v-if="parsed.errors.length > 0"
+              class="mx-4 mb-3 space-y-1 rounded-lg bg-destructive/5 px-3 py-2 text-[11px] text-destructive ring-1 ring-destructive/20"
+            >
+              <div
+                v-for="(item, index) in parsed.errors.slice(0, 6)"
+                :key="`${item.lineNumber}-${index}`"
+              >
+                {{ item.lineNumber ? `第 ${item.lineNumber} 行：` : '' }}{{ item.message }}
+              </div>
+              <div v-if="parsed.errors.length > 6" class="font-medium">
+                另有 {{ parsed.errors.length - 6 }} 个问题
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 border-t border-border/50 bg-muted/10 px-4 py-2.5 text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
+              <span class="rounded-md bg-muted px-2 py-1 font-mono text-foreground/80">名称----Key</span>
+              <span>名称和 Key 都不能为空</span>
+              <span class="ml-auto hidden tabular-nums sm:inline">已识别 {{ parsed.items.length }} 条</span>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+      </section>
+
+      <section
+        v-else-if="currentStep === 2"
+        class="overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-background shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.07),0_1px_2px_-1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.08),0_3px_8px_-3px_rgb(0_0_0/0.08)] dark:shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(255_255_255/0.09)]"
+      >
+        <header class="flex min-h-[72px] items-center gap-3 px-4 py-3">
+          <span class="flex h-7 w-7 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-md bg-foreground text-xs font-semibold text-background">
+            2
+          </span>
+          <span class="min-w-0 flex-1">
+            <span class="block text-sm font-semibold">统一配置</span>
+            <span class="mt-1 flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
+              <span
+                v-for="item in settingsSummaryItems"
+                :key="item"
+                class="rounded-md bg-muted px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px] leading-4 text-muted-foreground"
+              >{{ item }}</span>
+            </span>
+          </span>
+          <Badge :variant="selectedApiFormats.length > 0 ? 'success' : 'destructive'" class="ml-auto shrink-0 tabular-nums">
+            {{ selectedApiFormats.length }} 种格式
+          </Badge>
+        </header>
+
+        <div class="border-t border-border/60 bg-muted/10 p-3 sm:p-4">
+          <ProviderKeyImportSettingsFields
+            :auth-type="authType"
+            :api-formats="selectedApiFormats"
+            :settings="settings"
+            :available-api-formats="availableApiFormats"
+            @update:auth-type="authType = $event"
+            @update:api-formats="selectedApiFormats = $event"
+            @update:settings="updateGlobalSettings"
+          />
+        </div>
+      </section>
+
+      <section
+        v-else
+        class="overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-background shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.07),0_1px_2px_-1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.08),0_3px_8px_-3px_rgb(0_0_0/0.08)] dark:shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(255_255_255/0.09)]"
+      >
+        <header class="flex min-h-[72px] items-center gap-3 border-b border-border/60 bg-muted/15 px-4 py-3">
+          <span class="flex h-7 w-7 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-md bg-foreground text-xs font-semibold text-background">3</span>
+          <div class="min-w-0 flex-1">
+            <h3 class="text-balance text-sm font-semibold">逐项确认</h3>
+            <p class="text-pretty text-[11px] leading-4 text-muted-foreground">展开任意 Key 可修改内容或设置单独配置</p>
+          </div>
+          <div class="shrink-0 text-right text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
+            <div><span class="font-semibold tabular-nums text-foreground">{{ reviewItems.length }}</span> 个 Key</div>
+            <div v-if="customizedItemCount > 0"><span class="tabular-nums">{{ customizedItemCount }}</span> 个单独配置</div>
+          </div>
+        </header>
+
+        <div
+          v-if="reviewErrorItemCount > 0"
+          class="border-b border-destructive/15 bg-destructive/5 px-4 py-2 text-xs text-destructive"
+        >
+          {{ reviewErrorItemCount }} 个 Key 需要修正后才能导入
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="max-h-[min(52vh,520px)] divide-y divide-border/50 overflow-y-auto overscroll-contain">
+          <article
+            v-for="entry in pagedReviewItems"
+            :key="entry.item.lineNumber"
+            class="bg-background"
+          >
+            <div class="flex min-h-14 items-center gap-3 px-3 py-2 sm:px-4">
+              <span class="flex h-7 w-7 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-md bg-muted text-[10px] tabular-nums text-muted-foreground">
+                {{ entry.index + 1 }}
+              </span>
+              <div class="min-w-0 flex-1">
+                <div class="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-2">
+                  <span class="truncate text-xs font-semibold">{{ entry.item.name || '未填写名称' }}</span>
+                  <Badge
+                    v-if="reviewErrorsByIndex.has(entry.index)"
+                    variant="destructive"
+                    class="shrink-0 text-[10px]"
+                  >需修正</Badge>
+                </div>
+                <div class="mt-0.5 truncate font-mono text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">{{ maskSecret(entry.item.apiKey) }}</div>
+              </div>
+              <div class="hidden shrink-0 items-center gap-1.5 sm:flex">
+                <span class="rounded-md bg-muted px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">{{ effectiveAuthLabel(entry.item) }}</span>
+                <span class="rounded-md bg-muted px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">{{ effectiveFormatCount(entry.item) }} 种格式</span>
+                <span
+                  class="rounded-md px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px]"
+                  :class="entry.item.customized ? 'bg-primary/10 text-primary' : 'bg-muted text-muted-foreground'"
+                >{{ entry.item.customized ? '单独配置' : '统一配置' }}</span>
+              </div>
+              <button
+                type="button"
+                class="flex h-10 w-10 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-lg text-muted-foreground transition-[background-color,color,scale] hover:bg-muted hover:text-foreground active:scale-[0.96]"
+                :aria-label="`编辑 ${entry.item.name || `第 ${entry.index + 1} 项`}`"
+                :title="editingItemIndex === entry.index ? '收起编辑' : '编辑此 Key'"
+                @click="toggleItemEditor(entry.index)"
+              >
+                <Pencil class="h-4 w-4" />
+              </button>
+            </div>
+
+            <div
+              v-if="editingItemIndex === entry.index"
+              class="space-y-4 border-t border-border/50 bg-muted/10 p-3 sm:p-4"
+            >
+              <div class="grid gap-3 sm:grid-cols-2">
+                <div class="space-y-1.5">
+                  <Label class="text-xs">名称</Label>
+                  <Input v-model="entry.item.name" class="h-10" placeholder="必填" />
+                </div>
+                <div class="space-y-1.5">
+                  <Label class="text-xs">Key</Label>
+                  <Input v-model="entry.item.apiKey" class="h-10 font-mono text-xs" placeholder="必填" />
+                </div>
+              </div>
+
+              <div class="flex min-h-12 items-center justify-between gap-3 rounded-lg bg-background px-3 shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.06)] dark:shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(255_255_255/0.08)]">
+                <div>
+                  <div class="text-xs font-medium">单独配置此 Key</div>
+                  <div class="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">开启后覆盖第二步中的统一配置</div>
+                </div>
+                <Switch
+                  :model-value="entry.item.customized"
+                  @update:model-value="setItemCustomized(entry.item, $event)"
+                />
+              </div>
+
+              <ProviderKeyImportSettingsFields
+                v-if="entry.item.customized"
+                :auth-type="entry.item.authType"
+                :api-formats="entry.item.apiFormats"
+                :settings="entry.item.settings"
+                :available-api-formats="availableApiFormats"
+                @update:auth-type="entry.item.authType = $event"
+                @update:api-formats="entry.item.apiFormats = $event"
+                @update:settings="entry.item.settings = $event"
+              />
+
+              <div
+                v-if="reviewErrorsByIndex.has(entry.index)"
+                class="space-y-1 rounded-lg bg-destructive/5 px-3 py-2 text-[11px] text-destructive"
+              >
+                <div v-for="message in reviewErrorsByIndex.get(entry.index)" :key="message">{{ message }}</div>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </article>
+        </div>
+
+        <div
+          v-if="reviewPageCount > 1"
+          class="flex min-h-12 items-center justify-between gap-3 border-t border-border/60 bg-muted/10 px-3 sm:px-4"
+        >
+          <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" class="h-9" :disabled="reviewPage === 1" @click="changeReviewPage(reviewPage - 1)">
+            <ChevronLeft class="mr-1 h-4 w-4" />
+            上一页
+          </Button>
+          <span class="text-[11px] tabular-nums text-muted-foreground">{{ reviewPage }} / {{ reviewPageCount }}</span>
+          <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" class="h-9" :disabled="reviewPage === reviewPageCount" @click="changeReviewPage(reviewPage + 1)">
+            下一页
+            <ChevronRight class="ml-1 h-4 w-4" />
+          </Button>
+        </div>
+      </section>
+    </div>
+
+    <template #footer>
+      <div class="flex w-full flex-col-reverse gap-2 sm:flex-row sm:justify-end">
+        <Button class="w-full sm:w-auto" variant="outline" :disabled="importing" @click="handleBack">
+          <ArrowLeft v-if="currentStep > 1" class="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
+          {{ currentStep === 1 ? '取消' : '上一步' }}
+        </Button>
+        <Button class="w-full sm:w-auto" :disabled="primaryActionDisabled" @click="handlePrimaryAction">
+          <Loader2 v-if="importing" class="mr-2 h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />
+          <ListPlus v-else-if="currentStep === 3" class="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
+          <ArrowRight v-else class="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
+          {{ primaryActionLabel }}
+        </Button>
+      </div>
+    </template>
+  </Dialog>
+</template>
+
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { computed, reactive, ref, watch } from 'vue'
+import {
+  ArrowLeft,
+  ArrowRight,
+  ChevronLeft,
+  ChevronRight,
+  ListPlus,
+  Loader2,
+  Pencil,
+} from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import {
+  Badge,
+  Button,
+  Dialog,
+  Input,
+  Label,
+  Switch,
+  Textarea,
+} from '@/components/ui'
+import ProviderKeyImportSettingsFields from './ProviderKeyImportSettingsFields.vue'
+import { batchImportPoolKeys, type PoolKeySettingsPatch } from '@/api/endpoints/pool'
+import { useToast } from '@/composables/useToast'
+import { parseApiError } from '@/utils/errorParser'
+import { parseProviderKeyBatchImport } from '@/features/providers/utils/providerKeyBatchImport'
+
+type WizardStep = 1 | 2 | 3
+type AuthType = 'api_key' | 'bearer'
+type ImportSettings = Required<Pick<PoolKeySettingsPatch,
+  'internal_priority' | 'rpm_limit' | 'concurrent_limit' | 'cache_ttl_minutes'
+  | 'max_probe_interval_minutes' | 'is_active' | 'note' | 'proxy_node_id'
+>>
+
+interface ReviewImportItem {
+  lineNumber: number
+  name: string
+  apiKey: string
+  customized: boolean
+  authType: AuthType
+  apiFormats: string[]
+  settings: ImportSettings
+}
+
+const REVIEW_PAGE_SIZE = 50
+const steps: ReadonlyArray<{ id: WizardStep; label: string }> = [
+  { id: 1, label: '导入内容' },
+  { id: 2, label: '统一配置' },
+  { id: 3, label: '逐项确认' },
+]
+
+const props = defineProps<{
+  open: boolean
+  providerId: string
+  providerName?: string
+  availableApiFormats: string[]
+}>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{
+  close: []
+  saved: []
+}>()
+
+const { success, warning, error: showError } = useToast()
+const currentStep = ref<WizardStep>(1)
+const inputText = ref('')
+const importing = ref(false)
+const authType = ref<AuthType>('api_key')
+const selectedApiFormats = ref<string[]>([])
+const settings = reactive<ImportSettings>(createDefaultSettings())
+const reviewItems = ref<ReviewImportItem[]>([])
+const reviewPage = ref(1)
+const editingItemIndex = ref<number | null>(null)
+
+const parsed = computed(() => parseProviderKeyBatchImport(inputText.value))
+const canContinueInput = computed(() => (
+  parsed.value.items.length > 0 && parsed.value.errors.length === 0
+))
+const canContinueSettings = computed(() => selectedApiFormats.value.length > 0)
+const inputStatusText = computed(() => {
+  if (parsed.value.errors.length > 0) return `${parsed.value.errors.length} 个问题`
+  if (parsed.value.items.length > 0) return `${parsed.value.items.length} 条有效`
+  return '等待输入'
+})
+const reviewErrorsByIndex = computed(() => {
+  const errors = new Map<number, string[]>()
+  const seenNames = new Set<string>()
+  const seenKeys = new Set<string>()
+
+  reviewItems.value.forEach((item, index) => {
+    const messages: string[] = []
+    const name = item.name.trim()
+    const apiKey = item.apiKey.trim()
+    if (!name) messages.push('名称不能为空')
+    else if (name.length > 100) messages.push('名称不能超过 100 个字符')
+    else if (seenNames.has(name)) messages.push('名称与前面的 Key 重复')
+    else seenNames.add(name)
+
+    if (!apiKey) messages.push('Key 不能为空')
+    else if (seenKeys.has(apiKey)) messages.push('Key 与前面的 Key 重复')
+    else seenKeys.add(apiKey)
+
+    if (item.customized && item.apiFormats.length === 0) {
+      messages.push('单独配置时至少选择一种 API 格式')
+    }
+    if (messages.length > 0) errors.set(index, messages)
+  })
+  return errors
+})
+const reviewErrorItemCount = computed(() => reviewErrorsByIndex.value.size)
+const customizedItemCount = computed(() => (
+  reviewItems.value.filter(item => item.customized).length
+))
+const reviewPageCount = computed(() => (
+  Math.max(1, Math.ceil(reviewItems.value.length / REVIEW_PAGE_SIZE))
+))
+const pagedReviewItems = computed(() => {
+  const start = (reviewPage.value - 1) * REVIEW_PAGE_SIZE
+  return reviewItems.value
+    .slice(start, start + REVIEW_PAGE_SIZE)
+    .map((item, offset) => ({ item, index: start + offset }))
+})
+const canImport = computed(() => (
+  !importing.value
+  && reviewItems.value.length > 0
+  && reviewErrorsByIndex.value.size === 0
+  && canContinueSettings.value
+))
+const primaryActionDisabled = computed(() => {
+  if (importing.value) return true
+  if (currentStep.value === 1) return !canContinueInput.value
+  if (currentStep.value === 2) return !canContinueSettings.value
+  return !canImport.value
+})
+const primaryActionLabel = computed(() => {
+  if (importing.value) return '正在导入...'
+  if (currentStep.value === 1) return '下一步：统一配置'
+  if (currentStep.value === 2) return '下一步：逐项确认'
+  return `导入 ${reviewItems.value.length} 个 Key`
+})
+const settingsSummaryItems = computed(() => {
+  const rpm = settings.rpm_limit == null ? 'RPM 自适应' : `RPM ${settings.rpm_limit}`
+  const concurrent = settings.concurrent_limit == null || settings.concurrent_limit === 0
+    ? '不限并发'
+    : `并发 ${settings.concurrent_limit}`
+  const proxy = settings.proxy_node_id ? '独立代理' : '沿用 Provider 代理'
+  return [authType.value === 'bearer' ? 'Bearer' : 'API Key', rpm, concurrent, proxy]
+})
+
+watch(
+  () => props.open,
+  (open) => {
+    if (!open) return
+    currentStep.value = 1
+    inputText.value = ''
+    importing.value = false
+    authType.value = 'api_key'
+    selectedApiFormats.value = [...props.availableApiFormats]
+    Object.assign(settings, createDefaultSettings())
+    reviewItems.value = []
+    reviewPage.value = 1
+    editingItemIndex.value = null
+  },
+  { immediate: true },
+)
+
+watch(inputText, () => {
+  reviewItems.value = []
+  reviewPage.value = 1
+  editingItemIndex.value = null
+})
+
+function createDefaultSettings(): ImportSettings {
+  return {
+    internal_priority: 50,
+    rpm_limit: null,
+    concurrent_limit: null,
+    cache_ttl_minutes: 5,
+    max_probe_interval_minutes: 32,
+    is_active: true,
+    note: '',
+    proxy_node_id: '',
+  }
+}
+
+function copySettings(source: ImportSettings): ImportSettings {
+  return { ...source }
+}
+
+function buildSettingsPayload(
+  source: ImportSettings,
+  includeEmptyProxy = false,
+): PoolKeySettingsPatch {
+  return {
+    internal_priority: source.internal_priority,
+    rpm_limit: source.rpm_limit,
+    concurrent_limit: source.concurrent_limit,
+    cache_ttl_minutes: source.cache_ttl_minutes,
+    max_probe_interval_minutes: source.max_probe_interval_minutes,
+    is_active: source.is_active,
+    note: source.note.trim() || null,
+    ...((source.proxy_node_id || includeEmptyProxy)
+      ? { proxy_node_id: source.proxy_node_id || null }
+      : {}),
+  }
+}
+
+function handleDialogUpdate(value: boolean): void {
+  if (!value) emit('close')
+}
+
+function canNavigateToStep(step: WizardStep): boolean {
+  return step <= currentStep.value
+}
+
+function goToStep(step: WizardStep): void {
+  if (canNavigateToStep(step)) currentStep.value = step
+}
+
+function handleBack(): void {
+  if (currentStep.value === 1) {
+    emit('close')
+    return
+  }
+  currentStep.value = (currentStep.value - 1) as WizardStep
+}
+
+function handlePrimaryAction(): void {
+  if (primaryActionDisabled.value) return
+  if (currentStep.value === 1) {
+    currentStep.value = 2
+    return
+  }
+  if (currentStep.value === 2) {
+    prepareReviewItems()
+    currentStep.value = 3
+    return
+  }
+  void submitImport()
+}
+
+function prepareReviewItems(): void {
+  if (reviewItems.value.length > 0) return
+  reviewItems.value = parsed.value.items.map(item => ({
+    lineNumber: item.lineNumber,
+    name: item.name,
+    apiKey: item.apiKey,
+    customized: false,
+    authType: authType.value,
+    apiFormats: [...selectedApiFormats.value],
+    settings: copySettings(settings),
+  }))
+  reviewPage.value = 1
+  editingItemIndex.value = null
+}
+
+function toggleItemEditor(index: number): void {
+  editingItemIndex.value = editingItemIndex.value === index ? null : index
+}
+
+function setItemCustomized(item: ReviewImportItem, customized: boolean): void {
+  item.customized = customized
+  if (!customized) return
+  item.authType = authType.value
+  item.apiFormats = [...selectedApiFormats.value]
+  item.settings = copySettings(settings)
+}
+
+function changeReviewPage(page: number): void {
+  reviewPage.value = Math.min(Math.max(page, 1), reviewPageCount.value)
+  editingItemIndex.value = null
+}
+
+function effectiveAuthLabel(item: ReviewImportItem): string {
+  const resolved = item.customized ? item.authType : authType.value
+  return resolved === 'bearer' ? 'Bearer' : 'API Key'
+}
+
+function effectiveFormatCount(item: ReviewImportItem): number {
+  return item.customized ? item.apiFormats.length : selectedApiFormats.value.length
+}
+
+function updateGlobalSettings(nextSettings: ImportSettings): void {
+  Object.assign(settings, nextSettings)
+}
+
+function maskSecret(secret: string): string {
+  if (secret.length <= 10) return `${secret.slice(0, 3)}•••`
+  return `${secret.slice(0, 6)}••••${secret.slice(-4)}`
+}
+
+async function submitImport(): Promise<void> {
+  if (!canImport.value) return
+  importing.value = true
+  try {
+    const result = await batchImportPoolKeys(props.providerId, {
+      keys: reviewItems.value.map(item => ({
+        name: item.name.trim(),
+        api_key: item.apiKey.trim(),
+        auth_type: item.customized ? item.authType : authType.value,
+        ...(item.customized
+          ? {
+              api_formats: item.apiFormats,
+              settings: buildSettingsPayload(item.settings, true),
+            }
+          : {}),
+      })),
+      api_formats: selectedApiFormats.value,
+      settings: buildSettingsPayload(settings),
+    })
+    if (result.imported > 0) emit('saved')
+    if (result.errors.length > 0) {
+      warning(`已导入 ${result.imported} 个，${result.errors.length} 个失败`)
+      return
+    }
+    success(`已导入 ${result.imported} 个 Key`)
+    emit('close')
+  } catch (error) {
+    showError(parseApiError(error, '批量导入 Key 失败'))
+  } finally {
+    importing.value = false
+  }
+}
+</script>

frontend/src/features/providers/components/ProviderKeyImportSettingsFields.vue

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="space-y-4">
+    <div class="space-y-2">
+      <Label class="text-xs font-medium">支持的 API 格式</Label>
+      <div class="grid gap-2 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3">
+        <label
+          v-for="format in availableApiFormats"
+          :key="format"
+          class="flex min-h-10 cursor-pointer items-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-background px-3 text-xs transition-[box-shadow,background-color]"
+          :class="apiFormats.includes(format)
+            ? 'bg-primary/5 shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.10),0_1px_2px_rgb(0_0_0/0.04)] dark:shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(255_255_255/0.12)]'
+            : 'shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.06)] hover:bg-muted/30 hover:shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.10)] dark:shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(255_255_255/0.08)]'"
+        >
+          <Checkbox
+            :checked="apiFormats.includes(format)"
+            @update:checked="(checked) => toggleApiFormat(format, checked === true)"
+          />
+          <span class="truncate">{{ formatApiFormat(format) }}</span>
+        </label>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="grid gap-3 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3">
+      <div class="space-y-1.5">
+        <Label class="text-xs">认证类型</Label>
+        <Select v-model="authTypeModel">
+          <SelectTrigger class="h-10">
+            <SelectValue />
+          </SelectTrigger>
+          <SelectContent>
+            <SelectItem value="api_key">API Key</SelectItem>
+            <SelectItem value="bearer">Bearer Token</SelectItem>
+          </SelectContent>
+        </Select>
+      </div>
+      <div class="space-y-1.5">
+        <Label class="text-xs">优先级</Label>
+        <Input
+          :model-value="settings.internal_priority"
+          type="number"
+          min="0"
+          class="h-10"
+          @update:model-value="updateSetting('internal_priority', parseNumberInput($event, { min: 0 }) ?? 50)"
+        />
+      </div>
+      <div class="space-y-1.5">
+        <Label class="text-xs">RPM 限制</Label>
+        <Input
+          :model-value="settings.rpm_limit ?? ''"
+          type="number"
+          min="1"
+          max="10000"
+          class="h-10"
+          placeholder="自适应"
+          @update:model-value="updateSetting('rpm_limit', parseNullableNumberInput($event, { min: 1, max: 10000 }))"
+        />
+      </div>
+      <div class="space-y-1.5">
+        <Label class="text-xs">并发请求上限</Label>
+        <Input
+          :model-value="settings.concurrent_limit ?? ''"
+          type="number"
+          min="0"
+          class="h-10"
+          placeholder="不限制"
+          @update:model-value="updateSetting('concurrent_limit', parseNullableNumberInput($event, { min: 0 }))"
+        />
+      </div>
+      <div class="space-y-1.5">
+        <Label class="text-xs">缓存 TTL（分钟）</Label>
+        <Input
+          :model-value="settings.cache_ttl_minutes"
+          type="number"
+          min="0"
+          max="60"
+          class="h-10"
+          @update:model-value="updateSetting('cache_ttl_minutes', parseNumberInput($event, { min: 0, max: 60 }) ?? 5)"
+        />
+      </div>
+      <div class="space-y-1.5">
+        <Label class="text-xs">熔断探测（分钟）</Label>
+        <Input
+          :model-value="settings.max_probe_interval_minutes"
+          type="number"
+          min="0"
+          max="32"
+          class="h-10"
+          @update:model-value="updateSetting('max_probe_interval_minutes', parseNumberInput($event, { min: 0, max: 32 }) ?? 32)"
+        />
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="grid gap-3 sm:grid-cols-2">
+      <div class="space-y-1.5">
+        <Label class="text-xs">代理节点</Label>
+        <ProxyNodeSelect
+          :model-value="settings.proxy_node_id"
+          trigger-class="h-10"
+          @update:model-value="updateSetting('proxy_node_id', $event)"
+        />
+      </div>
+      <div class="space-y-1.5">
+        <Label class="text-xs">备注</Label>
+        <Input
+          :model-value="settings.note"
+          class="h-10"
+          placeholder="可选"
+          @update:model-value="updateSetting('note', String($event))"
+        />
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="flex min-h-12 items-center justify-between gap-3 rounded-lg bg-background px-3 shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(0_0_0/0.06),0_1px_2px_rgb(0_0_0/0.04)] dark:shadow-[0_0_0_1px_rgb(255_255_255/0.08)]">
+      <div>
+        <div class="text-xs font-medium">导入后立即启用</div>
+        <div class="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">关闭后仍会创建，但不会进入调度</div>
+      </div>
+      <Switch
+        :model-value="settings.is_active"
+        @update:model-value="updateSetting('is_active', $event)"
+      />
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { computed } from 'vue'
+import {
+  Checkbox,
+  Input,
+  Label,
+  Select,
+  SelectContent,
+  SelectItem,
+  SelectTrigger,
+  SelectValue,
+  Switch,
+} from '@/components/ui'
+import type { PoolKeySettingsPatch } from '@/api/endpoints/pool'
+import { formatApiFormat } from '@/api/endpoints/types/api-format'
+import { parseNullableNumberInput, parseNumberInput } from '@/utils/form'
+import ProxyNodeSelect from './ProxyNodeSelect.vue'
+
+type AuthType = 'api_key' | 'bearer'
+type ImportSettings = Required<Pick<PoolKeySettingsPatch,
+  'internal_priority' | 'rpm_limit' | 'concurrent_limit' | 'cache_ttl_minutes'
+  | 'max_probe_interval_minutes' | 'is_active' | 'note' | 'proxy_node_id'
+>>
+
+const props = defineProps<{
+  authType: AuthType
+  apiFormats: string[]
+  settings: ImportSettings
+  availableApiFormats: string[]
+}>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{
+  'update:authType': [value: AuthType]
+  'update:apiFormats': [value: string[]]
+  'update:settings': [value: ImportSettings]
+}>()
+
+const authTypeModel = computed<AuthType>({
+  get: () => props.authType,
+  set: value => emit('update:authType', value),
+})
+
+function toggleApiFormat(format: string, checked: boolean): void {
+  const selected = new Set(props.apiFormats)
+  if (checked) selected.add(format)
+  else selected.delete(format)
+  emit('update:apiFormats', props.availableApiFormats.filter(item => selected.has(item)))
+}
+
+function updateSetting<Key extends keyof ImportSettings>(
+  key: Key,
+  value: ImportSettings[Key],
+): void {
+  emit('update:settings', { ...props.settings, [key]: value })
+}
+</script>

frontend/src/features/providers/components/ProxyNodeSelect.vue

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { computed } from 'vue'
+import { computed, onMounted } from 'vue'
 import {
   Select,
   SelectTrigger,
@@ -67,8 +67,10 @@ const nodeOptions = computed(() => {
 
 /** 供父组件调用：启用代理时懒加载节点列表 */
 function ensureLoaded() {
-  proxyNodesStore.ensureLoaded()
+  return proxyNodesStore.ensureLoaded()
 }
 
+onMounted(ensureLoaded)
+
 defineExpose({ ensureLoaded })
 </script>

frontend/src/features/providers/components/__tests__/ProxyNodeSelect.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { createApp, defineComponent, h } from 'vue'
+
+import ProxyNodeSelect from '@/features/providers/components/ProxyNodeSelect.vue'
+import { createI18n } from '@/i18n'
+
+const proxyNodesStore = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  loading: false,
+  nodes: [],
+  onlineNodes: [],
+  ensureLoaded: vi.fn(() => Promise.resolve()),
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/stores/proxy-nodes', () => ({
+  useProxyNodesStore: () => proxyNodesStore,
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/components/ui', async () => {
+  const { defineComponent, h } = await import('vue')
+  const passthrough = (name: string) => defineComponent({
+    name,
+    setup(_, { slots }) {
+      return () => h('div', slots.default?.())
+    },
+  })
+
+  return {
+    Select: passthrough('SelectStub'),
+    SelectTrigger: passthrough('SelectTriggerStub'),
+    SelectValue: passthrough('SelectValueStub'),
+    SelectContent: passthrough('SelectContentStub'),
+    SelectItem: passthrough('SelectItemStub'),
+  }
+})
+
+describe('ProxyNodeSelect', () => {
+  it('loads proxy nodes when mounted', () => {
+    const root = document.createElement('div')
+    const app = createApp(defineComponent({
+      setup() {
+        return () => h(ProxyNodeSelect, { modelValue: '' })
+      },
+    }))
+
+    app.use(createI18n())
+    app.mount(root)
+
+    expect(proxyNodesStore.ensureLoaded).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+
+    app.unmount()
+  })
+})

frontend/src/features/providers/components/__tests__/codex-reset-credit-display.spec.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,45 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 
 import {
+  createCodexResetCreditIdempotencyKey,
   formatCodexResetCreditCount,
   formatCodexResetCreditExpiresAt,
   getCodexResetCreditAvailableCount,
   getVisibleCodexResetCreditItems,
+  mergeCodexQuotaDisplays,
 } from '@/features/providers/components/codex-reset-credit-display'
 import type { QuotaResetCreditsSnapshot } from '@/api/endpoints/types'
 
 describe('codex reset credit display helpers', () => {
+  it('keeps reset credits and usage windows when snapshot sources are partially populated', () => {
+    const merged = mergeCodexQuotaDisplays(
+      {
+        updated_at: 1_700_000_100,
+        primary_used_percent: 25,
+        reset_credits: {
+          available_count: 2,
+        },
+      },
+      {
+        updated_at: 1_700_000_000,
+        secondary_used_percent: 40,
+        reset_credits: {
+          credits: [{ id: 'credit-1', expires_at: 1_700_086_400 }],
+        },
+      },
+    )
+
+    expect(merged).toMatchObject({
+      updated_at: 1_700_000_100,
+      primary_used_percent: 25,
+      secondary_used_percent: 40,
+      reset_credits: {
+        available_count: 2,
+        credits: [{ id: 'credit-1', expires_at: 1_700_086_400 }],
+      },
+    })
+  })
+
   it('keeps zero available credits displayable but non-positive detail items hidden', () => {
     const snapshot: QuotaResetCreditsSnapshot = {
       available_count: 0,
@@ -90,4 +121,22 @@ describe('codex reset credit display helpers', () => {
     expect(getVisibleCodexResetCreditItems(snapshot, 1_700_000_300)[0]?.expiresAt)
       .toBe(1_700_000_600)
   })
+
+  it('generates a UUID v4 with secure random bytes when randomUUID is unavailable', () => {
+    const idempotencyKey = createCodexResetCreditIdempotencyKey({
+      getRandomValues(array) {
+        array.set(Array.from({ length: 16 }, (_, index) => index))
+        return array
+      },
+    })
+
+    expect(idempotencyKey).toBe('00010203-0405-4607-8809-0a0b0c0d0e0f')
+  })
+
+  it('prefers the browser randomUUID implementation when available', () => {
+    expect(createCodexResetCreditIdempotencyKey({
+      randomUUID: () => 'existing-random-uuid',
+      getRandomValues: array => array,
+    })).toBe('existing-random-uuid')
+  })
 })

frontend/src/features/providers/components/__tests__/provider-key-batch-import-layout.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+function readSource(path: string): string {
+  return readFileSync(resolve(process.cwd(), path), 'utf8')
+}
+
+describe('provider key batch import UI contract', () => {
+  it('shows the entry only for custom providers', () => {
+    const source = readSource('src/features/providers/components/ProviderDetailDrawer.vue')
+
+    expect(source).toContain("provider.provider_type === 'custom'")
+    expect(source).toContain('<ProviderKeyBatchImportDialog')
+    expect(source).toContain('keyBatchImportDialogOpen')
+  })
+
+  it('uses a three-step flow with per-key review overrides', () => {
+    const source = readSource('src/features/providers/components/ProviderKeyBatchImportDialog.vue')
+
+    expect(source).toContain('parseProviderKeyBatchImport')
+    expect(source).toContain("{ id: 3, label: '逐项确认' }")
+    expect(source).toContain('ProviderKeyImportSettingsFields')
+    expect(source).toContain('REVIEW_PAGE_SIZE')
+    expect(source).toContain('item.customized')
+    expect(source).toContain('api_formats: item.apiFormats')
+    expect(source).toContain('batchImportPoolKeys')
+    expect(source).not.toContain('MAX_BATCH_IMPORT_KEYS')
+
+    const fieldsSource = readSource('src/features/providers/components/ProviderKeyImportSettingsFields.vue')
+    expect(fieldsSource).toContain('settings.max_probe_interval_minutes')
+    expect(fieldsSource).toContain('settings.proxy_node_id')
+  })
+
+  it('uses selective update_settings in pool batch management', () => {
+    const source = readSource('src/features/pool/components/PoolAccountBatchDialog.vue')
+
+    expect(source).toContain("selectedAction === 'update_settings'")
+    expect(source).toContain('buildPoolKeySettingsPatch')
+    expect(source).toContain("confirmAndExecuteAction('update_settings')")
+    expect(source).toContain('仅更新已勾选字段')
+  })
+})

frontend/src/features/providers/components/codex-reset-credit-display.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,41 @@
 import type {
+  CodexUpstreamMetadata,
   QuotaResetCreditSnapshot,
   QuotaResetCreditsSnapshot,
 } from '@/api/endpoints/types'
 
+function codexQuotaUpdatedAt(display: CodexUpstreamMetadata | null | undefined): number | null {
+  const updatedAt = Number(display?.updated_at)
+  return Number.isFinite(updatedAt) ? updatedAt : null
+}
+
+export function mergeCodexQuotaDisplays(
+  snapshotDisplay: CodexUpstreamMetadata | null | undefined,
+  metadataDisplay: CodexUpstreamMetadata | null | undefined,
+): CodexUpstreamMetadata | null {
+  if (!snapshotDisplay) return metadataDisplay ?? null
+  if (!metadataDisplay) return snapshotDisplay
+
+  const snapshotUpdatedAt = codexQuotaUpdatedAt(snapshotDisplay)
+  const metadataUpdatedAt = codexQuotaUpdatedAt(metadataDisplay)
+  const metadataIsNewer = metadataUpdatedAt !== null
+    && (snapshotUpdatedAt === null || metadataUpdatedAt > snapshotUpdatedAt)
+  const preferred = metadataIsNewer ? metadataDisplay : snapshotDisplay
+  const fallback = metadataIsNewer ? snapshotDisplay : metadataDisplay
+  const resetCredits = preferred.reset_credits || fallback.reset_credits
+    ? {
+        ...fallback.reset_credits,
+        ...preferred.reset_credits,
+      }
+    : undefined
+
+  return {
+    ...fallback,
+    ...preferred,
+    ...(resetCredits ? { reset_credits: resetCredits } : {}),
+  }
+}
+
 export interface CodexResetCreditDisplayItem {
   id?: string | null
   displayKey: string
@@ -28,6 +61,27 @@ export function formatCodexResetCreditCount(count: number | null | undefined): s
   return `共 ${count ?? 0} 次机会`
 }
 
+interface CodexResetCreditCrypto {
+  randomUUID?: () => string
+  getRandomValues: (array: Uint8Array) => Uint8Array
+}
+
+export function createCodexResetCreditIdempotencyKey(
+  cryptoSource: CodexResetCreditCrypto | undefined = globalThis.crypto,
+): string {
+  const randomUUID = cryptoSource?.randomUUID?.bind(cryptoSource)
+  if (randomUUID) return randomUUID()
+  if (!cryptoSource) {
+    throw new Error('浏览器不支持安全随机数，无法生成幂等 ID')
+  }
+
+  const bytes = cryptoSource.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16))
+  bytes[6] = (bytes[6] & 0x0f) | 0x40
+  bytes[8] = (bytes[8] & 0x3f) | 0x80
+  const hex = Array.from(bytes, byte => byte.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')).join('')
+  return `${hex.slice(0, 8)}-${hex.slice(8, 12)}-${hex.slice(12, 16)}-${hex.slice(16, 20)}-${hex.slice(20)}`
+}
+
 function codexResetCreditRemainingSeconds(
   item: QuotaResetCreditSnapshot,
   snapshot: QuotaResetCreditsSnapshot,

frontend/src/features/providers/utils/__tests__/providerKeyBatchImport.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+import { parseProviderKeyBatchImport } from '../providerKeyBatchImport'
+
+describe('provider key batch import parser', () => {
+  it('parses required names and keys separated by four hyphens', () => {
+    const result = parseProviderKeyBatchImport([
+      'primary----sk-primary',
+      'backup----sk-backup',
+      'night----sk-night----suffix',
+      '# ignored comment',
+    ].join('\n'))
+
+    expect(result.errors).toEqual([])
+    expect(result.items).toEqual([
+      { lineNumber: 1, name: 'primary', apiKey: 'sk-primary' },
+      { lineNumber: 2, name: 'backup', apiKey: 'sk-backup' },
+      { lineNumber: 3, name: 'night', apiKey: 'sk-night----suffix' },
+    ])
+  })
+
+  it('reports invalid format, missing fields and duplicates', () => {
+    const result = parseProviderKeyBatchImport([
+      'one----sk-1',
+      'two----sk-1',
+      'one----sk-2',
+      '----sk-3',
+      'three----',
+      'sk-without-name',
+    ].join('\n'))
+
+    expect(result.items).toHaveLength(1)
+    expect(result.errors.map(error => error.message)).toEqual([
+      'Key 与前面行重复',
+      '名称与前面行重复',
+      '名称不能为空',
+      'Key 不能为空',
+      '格式应为 名称----Key',
+    ])
+  })
+
+  it('does not impose a client-side item limit', () => {
+    const input = Array.from({ length: 750 }, (_, index) => `key-${index}----sk-${index}`).join('\n')
+    const result = parseProviderKeyBatchImport(input)
+
+    expect(result.items).toHaveLength(750)
+    expect(result.errors).toEqual([])
+  })
+})

frontend/src/features/providers/utils/__tests__/quotaAutoRefreshCooldown.spec.ts

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
-
-import {
-  AUTO_QUOTA_REFRESH_COOLDOWN_SECONDS,
-  isProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCoolingDown,
-  markProviderQuotaAutoRefreshAttempt,
-  resetProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCooldownForTests,
-} from '../quotaAutoRefreshCooldown'
-
-describe('quota auto refresh cooldown', () => {
-  afterEach(() => {
-    resetProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCooldownForTests()
-  })
-
-  it('starts cooldown after recording an auto refresh attempt', () => {
-    markProviderQuotaAutoRefreshAttempt('provider-1', 1_000)
-
-    expect(isProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCoolingDown('provider-1', 1_000)).toBe(true)
-    expect(
-      isProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCoolingDown(
-        'provider-1',
-        1_000 + AUTO_QUOTA_REFRESH_COOLDOWN_SECONDS - 1,
-      ),
-    ).toBe(true)
-  })
-
-  it('expires cooldown after the configured window', () => {
-    markProviderQuotaAutoRefreshAttempt('provider-1', 1_000)
-
-    expect(
-      isProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCoolingDown(
-        'provider-1',
-        1_000 + AUTO_QUOTA_REFRESH_COOLDOWN_SECONDS,
-      ),
-    ).toBe(false)
-  })
-
-  it('tracks cooldown independently per provider', () => {
-    markProviderQuotaAutoRefreshAttempt('provider-1', 1_000)
-    markProviderQuotaAutoRefreshAttempt('provider-2', 1_200)
-
-    expect(isProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCoolingDown('provider-1', 1_301)).toBe(false)
-    expect(isProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCoolingDown('provider-2', 1_301)).toBe(true)
-  })
-
-  it('ignores empty provider ids', () => {
-    markProviderQuotaAutoRefreshAttempt('', 1_000)
-
-    expect(isProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCoolingDown('', 1_001)).toBe(false)
-    expect(isProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCoolingDown(null, 1_001)).toBe(false)
-  })
-})

frontend/src/features/providers/utils/providerKeyBatchImport.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+export interface ProviderKeyBatchImportItem {
+  lineNumber: number
+  name: string
+  apiKey: string
+}
+
+export interface ProviderKeyBatchImportError {
+  lineNumber: number | null
+  message: string
+}
+
+export interface ProviderKeyBatchImportParseResult {
+  items: ProviderKeyBatchImportItem[]
+  errors: ProviderKeyBatchImportError[]
+}
+
+export const PROVIDER_KEY_BATCH_SEPARATOR = '----'
+
+function splitNamedKey(line: string): { name: string; apiKey: string } | null {
+  const separatorIndex = line.indexOf(PROVIDER_KEY_BATCH_SEPARATOR)
+  if (separatorIndex < 0) return null
+  return {
+    name: line.slice(0, separatorIndex),
+    apiKey: line.slice(separatorIndex + PROVIDER_KEY_BATCH_SEPARATOR.length),
+  }
+}
+
+export function parseProviderKeyBatchImport(input: string): ProviderKeyBatchImportParseResult {
+  const items: ProviderKeyBatchImportItem[] = []
+  const errors: ProviderKeyBatchImportError[] = []
+  const seenKeys = new Set<string>()
+  const seenNames = new Set<string>()
+
+  for (const [index, rawLine] of input.split(/\r?\n/).entries()) {
+    const lineNumber = index + 1
+    const line = rawLine.trim()
+    if (!line || line.startsWith('#')) continue
+
+    const named = splitNamedKey(line)
+    if (!named) {
+      errors.push({ lineNumber, message: `格式应为 名称${PROVIDER_KEY_BATCH_SEPARATOR}Key` })
+      continue
+    }
+    const name = named.name.trim()
+    const apiKey = named.apiKey.trim()
+    if (!name) {
+      errors.push({ lineNumber, message: '名称不能为空' })
+      continue
+    }
+    if (!apiKey) {
+      errors.push({ lineNumber, message: 'Key 不能为空' })
+      continue
+    }
+    if (name.length > 100) {
+      errors.push({ lineNumber, message: '名称不能超过 100 个字符' })
+      continue
+    }
+    if (seenKeys.has(apiKey)) {
+      errors.push({ lineNumber, message: 'Key 与前面行重复' })
+      continue
+    }
+    if (seenNames.has(name)) {
+      errors.push({ lineNumber, message: '名称与前面行重复' })
+      continue
+    }
+
+    seenKeys.add(apiKey)
+    seenNames.add(name)
+    items.push({ lineNumber, name, apiKey })
+  }
+
+  return { items, errors }
+}

frontend/src/features/providers/utils/quotaAutoRefreshCooldown.ts

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-const AUTO_QUOTA_REFRESH_COOLDOWN_SECONDS = 5 * 60
-
-const lastAutoQuotaRefreshAttemptAtByProvider = new Map<string, number>()
-
-function normalizeUnixSeconds(value: number): number {
-  return Math.max(Math.floor(value), 0)
-}
-
-export function isProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCoolingDown(
-  providerId: string | null | undefined,
-  nowSeconds = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000),
-): boolean {
-  const id = String(providerId || '').trim()
-  if (!id) return false
-
-  const lastAttemptAt = lastAutoQuotaRefreshAttemptAtByProvider.get(id)
-  if (lastAttemptAt == null) return false
-
-  return normalizeUnixSeconds(nowSeconds) - lastAttemptAt < AUTO_QUOTA_REFRESH_COOLDOWN_SECONDS
-}
-
-export function markProviderQuotaAutoRefreshAttempt(
-  providerId: string | null | undefined,
-  nowSeconds = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000),
-): void {
-  const id = String(providerId || '').trim()
-  if (!id) return
-
-  lastAutoQuotaRefreshAttemptAtByProvider.set(id, normalizeUnixSeconds(nowSeconds))
-}
-
-export function resetProviderQuotaAutoRefreshCooldownForTests(): void {
-  lastAutoQuotaRefreshAttemptAtByProvider.clear()
-}
-
-export { AUTO_QUOTA_REFRESH_COOLDOWN_SECONDS }

frontend/src/features/usage/components/UsageRecordsTable.vue

@@ -261,12 +261,14 @@
                 {{ getReasoningEffort(record) }}
               </Badge>
               <Badge
-                v-if="getFastBadge(record)"
+                v-if="getServiceTierBadge(record)"
                 variant="outline"
-                class="h-4 rounded-full px-1.5 text-[10px] leading-4 text-foreground flex-shrink-0"
-                :title="getFastBadgeTitle(record)"
+                class="h-4 whitespace-nowrap rounded-full px-1.5 text-[10px] leading-4 flex-shrink-0"
+                :class="getServiceTierBadge(record)?.className"
+                :title="getServiceTierBadge(record)?.title"
+                :aria-label="getServiceTierBadge(record)?.ariaLabel"
               >
-                fast
+                {{ getServiceTierBadge(record)?.label }}
               </Badge>
               <!-- 状态 Badge -->
               <Badge
@@ -778,12 +780,14 @@
                   {{ getReasoningEffort(record) }}
                 </Badge>
                 <Badge
-                  v-if="getFastBadge(record)"
+                  v-if="getServiceTierBadge(record)"
                   variant="outline"
-                  class="h-4 rounded-full px-1.5 text-[10px] leading-4 text-foreground flex-shrink-0"
-                  :title="getFastBadgeTitle(record)"
+                  class="h-4 whitespace-nowrap rounded-full px-1.5 text-[10px] leading-4 flex-shrink-0"
+                  :class="getServiceTierBadge(record)?.className"
+                  :title="getServiceTierBadge(record)?.title"
+                  :aria-label="getServiceTierBadge(record)?.ariaLabel"
                 >
-                  fast
+                  {{ getServiceTierBadge(record)?.label }}
                 </Badge>
               </div>
               <span class="text-muted-foreground truncate">{{ getActualModel(record) }}</span>
@@ -810,12 +814,14 @@
                 {{ getReasoningEffort(record) }}
               </Badge>
               <Badge
-                v-if="getFastBadge(record)"
+                v-if="getServiceTierBadge(record)"
                 variant="outline"
-                class="h-4 rounded-full px-1.5 text-[10px] leading-4 text-foreground flex-shrink-0"
-                :title="getFastBadgeTitle(record)"
+                class="h-4 whitespace-nowrap rounded-full px-1.5 text-[10px] leading-4 flex-shrink-0"
+                :class="getServiceTierBadge(record)?.className"
+                :title="getServiceTierBadge(record)?.title"
+                :aria-label="getServiceTierBadge(record)?.ariaLabel"
               >
-                fast
+                {{ getServiceTierBadge(record)?.label }}
               </Badge>
             </span>
           </TableCell>
@@ -1638,41 +1644,138 @@ function getReasoningEffortTitle(record: UsageRecord): string {
   return effort ? `Reasoning: ${effort}` : ''
 }
 
+type ServiceTierBadgeState = 'confirmed' | 'downgraded' | 'upgraded' | 'pending' | 'unconfirmed'
+
+interface ServiceTierBadgePresentation {
+  label: string
+  state: ServiceTierBadgeState
+  className: string
+  title: string
+  ariaLabel: string
+}
+
 function normalizeServiceTier(value: string | null | undefined): string | null {
   const serviceTier = value?.trim().toLowerCase()
   return serviceTier || null
 }
 
-function getRequestedServiceTier(record: UsageRecord): string | null {
-  return normalizeServiceTier(record.service_tier)
-}
-
-function getActualServiceTier(record: UsageRecord): string | null {
-  return normalizeServiceTier(record.actual_service_tier)
-}
-
-function getFastBadge(record: UsageRecord): boolean {
-  return (getActualServiceTier(record) ?? getRequestedServiceTier(record)) === 'priority'
-}
-
-function getFastBadgeTitle(record: UsageRecord): string {
-  const requested = getRequestedServiceTier(record)
-  const actual = getActualServiceTier(record)
-  if (requested && actual) {
-    return requested === actual
-      ? `Requested and actual service tier: ${actual}`
-      : `Requested service tier: ${requested}\nActual service tier: ${actual}`
+function canonicalServiceTier(value: string | null): string | null {
+  if (value === 'auto' || value === 'default' || value === 'standard') {
+    return 'standard'
   }
-  if (actual) return `Actual service tier: ${actual}`
-  return requested ? `Requested service tier: ${requested}` : ''
+  return value
+}
+
+function serviceTierBadgeClass(state: ServiceTierBadgeState): string {
+  switch (state) {
+    case 'confirmed':
+      return 'border-emerald-500/40 bg-emerald-500/10 text-emerald-700 dark:text-emerald-300'
+    case 'downgraded':
+      return 'border-amber-500/50 bg-amber-500/10 text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300'
+    case 'upgraded':
+      return 'border-sky-500/40 bg-sky-500/10 text-sky-700 dark:text-sky-300'
+    case 'pending':
+      return 'border-dashed border-muted-foreground/30 bg-muted/30 text-muted-foreground'
+    case 'unconfirmed':
+      return 'border-dashed border-amber-500/40 bg-amber-500/5 text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300'
+  }
+}
+
+function buildServiceTierBadgePresentation(
+  label: string,
+  state: ServiceTierBadgeState,
+  requestedRaw: string | null,
+  actualRaw: string | null,
+  billingTier: string | null,
+): ServiceTierBadgePresentation {
+  const titleLines: string[] = []
+  if (requestedRaw) titleLines.push(`请求档位：${requestedRaw}`)
+  if (actualRaw) titleLines.push(`实际档位：${actualRaw}`)
+  if (billingTier) {
+    titleLines.push(`计费档位：${billingTier}`)
+  } else {
+    titleLines.push(`计费档位：${state === 'pending' ? '待上游确认' : '未确认'}`)
+  }
+  const title = titleLines.join('\n')
+  return {
+    label,
+    state,
+    className: serviceTierBadgeClass(state),
+    title,
+    ariaLabel: titleLines.join('，'),
+  }
+}
+
+function getServiceTierBadge(record: UsageRecord): ServiceTierBadgePresentation | null {
+  const requestedRaw = normalizeServiceTier(record.service_tier)
+  const actualRaw = normalizeServiceTier(record.actual_service_tier)
+  const requested = canonicalServiceTier(requestedRaw)
+  const actual = canonicalServiceTier(actualRaw)
+  const requestedFast = requested === 'priority'
+  const actualFast = actual === 'priority'
+
+  if (actual) {
+    if (requestedFast && !actualFast) {
+      return buildServiceTierBadgePresentation(
+        `fast → ${actual}`,
+        'downgraded',
+        requestedRaw,
+        actualRaw,
+        actual,
+      )
+    }
+    if (!requestedFast && actualFast) {
+      const requestedLabel = requested ?? 'standard'
+      return buildServiceTierBadgePresentation(
+        requested ? `${requestedLabel} → fast` : 'fast',
+        requested ? 'upgraded' : 'confirmed',
+        requestedRaw,
+        actualRaw,
+        actual,
+      )
+    }
+    if (actualFast) {
+      return buildServiceTierBadgePresentation(
+        'fast',
+        'confirmed',
+        requestedRaw,
+        actualRaw,
+        actual,
+      )
+    }
+    return null
+  }
+
+  if (!requestedFast) return null
+  const displayStatus = getDisplayStatus(record)
+  const isActive = displayStatus === 'pending' || displayStatus === 'streaming'
+  return buildServiceTierBadgePresentation(
+    isActive ? 'fast · 待确认' : 'fast · 未确认',
+    isActive ? 'pending' : 'unconfirmed',
+    requestedRaw,
+    null,
+    null,
+  )
+}
+
+function getServiceTierTitle(record: UsageRecord): string {
+  const badge = getServiceTierBadge(record)
+  if (badge) return badge.title
+
+  const requested = normalizeServiceTier(record.service_tier)
+  const actual = normalizeServiceTier(record.actual_service_tier)
+  return [
+    requested ? `请求档位：${requested}` : null,
+    actual ? `实际档位：${actual}` : null,
+  ].filter((line): line is string => Boolean(line)).join('\n')
 }
 
 // 获取模型列的 tooltip
 function getModelTooltip(record: UsageRecord): string {
   const actualModel = getActualModel(record)
   const reasoningEffort = getReasoningEffort(record)
-  const serviceTierTitle = getFastBadgeTitle(record)
   const requestType = getRequestTypeLabel(record)
+  const serviceTierTitle = getServiceTierTitle(record)
   const tierSuffix = serviceTierTitle ? `\n${serviceTierTitle}` : ''
   const suffix = `${requestType ? `\n操作: ${requestType}` : ''}${reasoningEffort ? `\nReasoning: ${reasoningEffort}` : ''}${tierSuffix}`
   if (actualModel) {

frontend/src/features/usage/components/__tests__/UsageRecordsTable.spec.ts

@@ -162,6 +162,13 @@ function mountUsageRecordsTable(records: UsageRecord[], overrides: Record<string
   return root
 }
 
+function expectServiceTierBadge(root: HTMLElement, label: string) {
+  const labels = [...root.querySelectorAll('span')]
+    .map((element) => element.textContent?.trim())
+
+  expect(labels).toContain(label)
+}
+
 afterEach(() => {
   for (const { app, root } of mountedApps.splice(0)) {
     app.unmount()
@@ -306,27 +313,63 @@ describe('UsageRecordsTable', () => {
     expect(root.textContent).toContain('会话压缩')
   })
 
-  it('shows fast badge for priority service tier', () => {
-    const root = mountUsageRecordsTable([buildRecord({ service_tier: 'priority' })])
+  it('shows confirmed fast when requested and actual service tiers are priority', () => {
+    const root = mountUsageRecordsTable([buildRecord({
+      service_tier: 'priority',
+      actual_service_tier: 'priority',
+    })])
 
-    expect(root.textContent).toContain('gpt-5')
-    expect(root.textContent).toContain('fast')
+    expectServiceTierBadge(root, 'fast')
   })
 
-  it('uses the actual service tier when the provider changes processing class', () => {
-    const downgraded = mountUsageRecordsTable([buildRecord({
+  it('shows fast to standard when the provider downgrades a priority request', () => {
+    const root = mountUsageRecordsTable([buildRecord({
       service_tier: 'priority',
       actual_service_tier: 'default',
     })])
-    expect(downgraded.textContent).not.toContain('fast')
-    expect(downgraded.querySelector('[title*="Requested service tier: priority"]')).not.toBeNull()
-    expect(downgraded.querySelector('[title*="Actual service tier: default"]')).not.toBeNull()
 
-    const upgraded = mountUsageRecordsTable([buildRecord({
-      service_tier: 'flex',
+    expectServiceTierBadge(root, 'fast → standard')
+  })
+
+  it('shows fast to flex when the provider moves a priority request to flex', () => {
+    const root = mountUsageRecordsTable([buildRecord({
+      service_tier: 'priority',
+      actual_service_tier: 'flex',
+    })])
+
+    expectServiceTierBadge(root, 'fast → flex')
+  })
+
+  it('shows standard to fast when the provider upgrades a default request', () => {
+    const root = mountUsageRecordsTable([buildRecord({
+      service_tier: 'default',
       actual_service_tier: 'priority',
     })])
-    expect(upgraded.textContent).toContain('fast')
+
+    expectServiceTierBadge(root, 'standard → fast')
+  })
+
+  it.each(['pending', 'streaming'] as const)(
+    'shows fast as pending confirmation while a priority request is %s',
+    (status) => {
+      const root = mountUsageRecordsTable([buildRecord({
+        service_tier: 'priority',
+        actual_service_tier: null,
+        status,
+      })])
+
+      expectServiceTierBadge(root, 'fast · 待确认')
+    },
+  )
+
+  it('shows fast as unconfirmed when a completed priority request has no actual tier', () => {
+    const root = mountUsageRecordsTable([buildRecord({
+      service_tier: 'priority',
+      actual_service_tier: null,
+      status: 'completed',
+    })])
+
+    expectServiceTierBadge(root, 'fast · 未确认')
   })
 
   it('offers embedding API formats in the usage record filter', () => {

frontend/src/features/usage/utils/__tests__/recordSync.spec.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 
 import type { UsageRecord } from '../../types'
-import { syncUsageRecordStreamResolution } from '../recordSync'
+import {
+  mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs,
+  syncUsageRecordStreamResolution,
+} from '../recordSync'
 
 function buildUsageRecord(overrides: Partial<UsageRecord> = {}): UsageRecord {
   return {
@@ -59,3 +62,16 @@ describe('syncUsageRecordStreamResolution', () => {
     expect(nextRecords).toBe(records)
   })
 })
+
+describe('mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs', () => {
+  it('does not let a stale active update clear or reduce a resolved first-byte time', () => {
+    expect(mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs(500, null)).toBe(500)
+    expect(mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs(500, 320)).toBe(500)
+    expect(mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs(500, 640)).toBe(640)
+    expect(mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs(undefined, 320)).toBe(320)
+    expect(mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs(undefined, 0)).toBe(0)
+    expect(mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs(0, null)).toBe(0)
+    expect(mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs(null, -1)).toBeNull()
+    expect(mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs(-1, null)).toBeUndefined()
+  })
+})

frontend/src/features/usage/utils/__tests__/status.spec.ts

@@ -78,6 +78,11 @@ describe('usage status helpers', () => {
       status: 'streaming',
       first_byte_time_ms: 320,
     }))).toBe('streaming')
+
+    expect(resolveDisplayRequestStatus(buildUsageRecord({
+      status: 'streaming',
+      first_byte_time_ms: 0,
+    }))).toBe('streaming')
   })
 
   it('treats active lifecycle records with failure signals as failed for display', () => {

frontend/src/features/usage/utils/recordSync.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,30 @@ export type UsageRecordStreamResolution = Pick<
   'id' | 'is_stream' | 'upstream_is_stream' | 'client_requested_stream' | 'client_is_stream'
 >
 
+export function mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs(
+  existingValue: number | null | undefined,
+  nextValue: number | null | undefined
+): number | null | undefined {
+  // Millisecond timing is floored, so 0 still means the first byte was observed.
+  const existingIsResolved = typeof existingValue === 'number' &&
+    Number.isFinite(existingValue) &&
+    existingValue >= 0
+  const nextIsResolved = typeof nextValue === 'number' &&
+    Number.isFinite(nextValue) &&
+    nextValue >= 0
+
+  if (existingIsResolved && nextIsResolved) {
+    return Math.max(existingValue, nextValue)
+  }
+  if (existingIsResolved) {
+    return existingValue
+  }
+  if (nextIsResolved) {
+    return nextValue
+  }
+  return existingValue == null ? existingValue : undefined
+}
+
 export function syncUsageRecordStreamResolution(
   records: UsageRecord[],
   resolved: UsageRecordStreamResolution

frontend/src/features/users/components/UserGroupAccessControlFields.vue

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <template>
   <div class="space-y-4 border-t border-border/60 pt-5">
-    <div class="flex flex-wrap items-baseline justify-between gap-x-2 gap-y-1 border-b border-border/60 pb-2">
+    <div class="flex items-center justify-between gap-2 border-b border-border/60 pb-2">
       <span class="text-sm font-medium">{{ legacyT('组权限') }}</span>
       <span class="flex items-center gap-1 text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
         {{ legacyT('组权限叠加，Key 可再收窄') }}
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@
             <TooltipTrigger as-child>
               <button
                 type="button"
-                class="inline-flex h-4 w-4 items-center justify-center rounded-full border border-border/70 bg-muted/40 text-muted-foreground outline-none transition-colors hover:border-primary/50 hover:text-primary focus-visible:border-primary/60 focus-visible:text-primary"
+                class="inline-flex h-10 w-10 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-muted-foreground outline-none transition-colors hover:bg-muted/60 hover:text-primary focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring"
                 :title="helpText"
                 :aria-label="legacyT('查看组权限合并规则')"
               >
-                <Info class="h-3 w-3" />
+                <Info class="h-4 w-4" />
               </button>
             </TooltipTrigger>
             <TooltipContent class="max-w-72 text-xs leading-5">
@@ -27,11 +27,14 @@
     <div class="space-y-2">
       <Label class="text-sm font-medium">{{ legacyT('允许的提供商') }}</Label>
       <div class="flex flex-col gap-2 sm:flex-row sm:items-center">
-        <div class="flex w-full items-center sm:w-auto sm:shrink-0">
+        <div class="flex min-h-10 w-full items-center gap-2 sm:w-auto sm:shrink-0">
           <Switch
             :model-value="form.allowed_providers_mode === 'unrestricted'"
             @update:model-value="setProvidersUnrestricted"
           />
+          <span class="text-xs text-muted-foreground sm:sr-only">
+            {{ legacyT(form.allowed_providers_mode === 'unrestricted' ? '不限制' : '选择提供商') }}
+          </span>
         </div>
         <div class="min-w-0 flex-1">
           <MultiSelect
@@ -50,11 +53,14 @@
     <div class="space-y-2">
       <Label class="text-sm font-medium">{{ legacyT('允许的端点') }}</Label>
       <div class="flex flex-col gap-2 sm:flex-row sm:items-center">
-        <div class="flex w-full items-center sm:w-auto sm:shrink-0">
+        <div class="flex min-h-10 w-full items-center gap-2 sm:w-auto sm:shrink-0">
           <Switch
             :model-value="form.allowed_api_formats_mode === 'unrestricted'"
             @update:model-value="setApiFormatsUnrestricted"
           />
+          <span class="text-xs text-muted-foreground sm:sr-only">
+            {{ legacyT(form.allowed_api_formats_mode === 'unrestricted' ? '不限制' : '选择端点') }}
+          </span>
         </div>
         <div class="min-w-0 flex-1">
           <MultiSelect
@@ -73,11 +79,14 @@
     <div class="space-y-2">
       <Label class="text-sm font-medium">{{ legacyT('允许的模型') }}</Label>
       <div class="flex flex-col gap-2 sm:flex-row sm:items-center">
-        <div class="flex w-full items-center sm:w-auto sm:shrink-0">
+        <div class="flex min-h-10 w-full items-center gap-2 sm:w-auto sm:shrink-0">
           <Switch
             :model-value="form.allowed_models_mode === 'unrestricted'"
             @update:model-value="setModelsUnrestricted"
           />
+          <span class="text-xs text-muted-foreground sm:sr-only">
+            {{ legacyT(form.allowed_models_mode === 'unrestricted' ? '不限制' : '选择模型') }}
+          </span>
         </div>
         <div class="min-w-0 flex-1">
           <MultiSelect
@@ -96,11 +105,14 @@
     <div class="space-y-2">
       <Label class="text-sm font-medium">{{ legacyT('速率限制 (请求/分钟)') }}</Label>
       <div class="flex flex-col gap-2 sm:flex-row sm:items-center">
-        <div class="flex w-full items-center sm:w-auto sm:shrink-0">
+        <div class="flex min-h-10 w-full items-center gap-2 sm:w-auto sm:shrink-0">
           <Switch
             :model-value="form.rate_limit_mode === 'system'"
             @update:model-value="setSystemRateLimit"
           />
+          <span class="text-xs text-muted-foreground sm:sr-only">
+            {{ legacyT(form.rate_limit_mode === 'system' ? '系统默认' : '自定义') }}
+          </span>
         </div>
         <div class="min-w-0 flex-1">
           <Input

frontend/src/features/users/components/UserGroupEditorHeader.vue

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <template>
-  <div class="mb-4 flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-3">
+  <div class="mb-4 flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
     <div class="min-w-0">
-      <h4 class="truncate text-base font-semibold text-foreground">
+      <h4 class="text-balance break-words text-base font-semibold text-foreground">
         {{ legacyT(editing ? '编辑分组' : '新建分组') }}
       </h4>
       <p class="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
       <Button
         variant="ghost"
         size="icon"
-        class="h-8 w-8"
+        class="h-10 w-10"
         :class="isDefault ? 'text-emerald-500 hover:text-emerald-500' : ''"
         :disabled="saving || isDefault"
         :title="legacyT(isDefault ? '默认注册组' : '设为默认注册组')"
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
       <Button
         variant="ghost"
         size="icon"
-        class="h-8 w-8"
+        class="h-10 w-10"
         :disabled="saving || isDefault"
         :title="legacyT('删除分组')"
         @click="$emit('delete')"

frontend/src/features/users/components/UserGroupListPanel.vue

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 <template>
-  <div class="rounded-xl border border-border/70 bg-muted/20 p-3">
-    <div class="mb-3 flex items-center justify-between gap-2">
+  <div class="rounded-lg border border-border/70 bg-muted/20 p-2.5 sm:rounded-xl sm:p-3">
+    <div class="mb-2 flex items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:mb-3">
       <Label class="text-sm font-semibold">{{ legacyT('分组') }}</Label>
       <Button
         variant="ghost"
         size="icon"
-        class="h-8 w-8"
+        class="h-10 w-10"
         :title="legacyT('新建分组')"
         @click="$emit('create')"
       >
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
     </div>
     <div
       v-else
-      class="max-h-60 space-y-1.5 overflow-y-auto lg:max-h-none lg:overflow-visible"
+      class="flex snap-x snap-mandatory gap-2 overflow-x-auto overscroll-x-contain pb-1 lg:block lg:max-h-none lg:space-y-1.5 lg:overflow-visible lg:pb-0"
     >
       <button
         v-for="group in groups"
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
             </Badge>
           </span>
         </span>
-        <ChevronRight class="h-4 w-4 shrink-0 text-muted-foreground" />
+        <ChevronRight class="hidden h-4 w-4 shrink-0 text-muted-foreground lg:block" />
       </button>
     </div>
   </div>
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ const { legacyT } = useI18n()
 
 function groupButtonClass(groupId: string): string {
   return cn(
-    'flex w-full items-center gap-2 rounded-lg border px-3 py-2 transition-colors',
+    'flex min-h-10 w-auto min-w-[8.5rem] shrink-0 snap-start items-center gap-2 rounded-lg border px-3 py-2 transition-colors lg:w-full lg:min-w-0',
     props.selectedGroupId === groupId
       ? 'border-primary/50 bg-primary/10'
       : 'border-transparent hover:border-border hover:bg-background',

frontend/src/features/users/components/UserGroupsDialog.vue

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
     persistent
     @update:model-value="handleDialogUpdate"
   >
-    <div class="grid gap-4 lg:min-h-[560px] lg:grid-cols-[17rem_minmax(0,1fr)]">
+    <div class="grid gap-3 lg:min-h-[560px] lg:grid-cols-[17rem_minmax(0,1fr)] lg:gap-4">
       <UserGroupListPanel
         :loading="loading"
         :groups="groups"
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
         @select="selectGroup"
       />
 
-      <div class="min-w-0 rounded-xl border border-border/70 bg-background p-3 sm:p-4">
+      <div class="min-w-0 bg-background sm:rounded-xl sm:border sm:border-border/70 sm:p-4">
         <UserGroupEditorHeader
           :editing="Boolean(editingGroupId)"
           :is-default="Boolean(selectedGroup?.is_default)"

frontend/src/features/users/components/__tests__/mobile-dialog-layout.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+function readSource(path: string): string {
+  return readFileSync(resolve(process.cwd(), path), 'utf8')
+}
+
+describe('mobile dialog layout', () => {
+  it('uses a full-height mobile sheet with stacked full-width actions', () => {
+    const source = readSource('src/components/ui/dialog/Dialog.vue')
+
+    expect(source).toContain('max-h-[100dvh]')
+    expect(source).toContain('flex-col-reverse')
+    expect(source).toContain('[&>button]:w-full')
+    expect(source).toContain('sm:flex-row-reverse')
+    expect(source).toContain('sm:[&>button]:w-auto')
+  })
+
+  it('keeps group navigation compact before the editor on mobile', () => {
+    const dialogSource = readSource('src/features/users/components/UserGroupsDialog.vue')
+    const listSource = readSource('src/features/users/components/UserGroupListPanel.vue')
+
+    expect(dialogSource).toContain('lg:grid-cols-[17rem_minmax(0,1fr)]')
+    expect(listSource).toContain('snap-x snap-mandatory')
+    expect(listSource).toContain('overflow-x-auto')
+    expect(listSource).toContain('min-h-10')
+    expect(listSource).toContain('lg:w-full')
+  })
+
+  it('provides mobile state labels and 40px icon targets', () => {
+    const accessSource = readSource('src/features/users/components/UserGroupAccessControlFields.vue')
+    const headerSource = readSource('src/features/users/components/UserGroupEditorHeader.vue')
+
+    expect(accessSource).toContain('sm:sr-only')
+    expect(accessSource).toContain('h-10 w-10')
+    expect(headerSource.match(/h-10 w-10/g)).toHaveLength(2)
+  })
+})

frontend/src/layouts/MainLayout.vue

@@ -191,7 +191,9 @@
                       :class="isNavActive(item.href)
                         ? 'bg-[#cc785c]/10 dark:bg-[#cc785c]/20 text-[#cc785c] dark:text-[#d4a27f]'
                         : 'text-[#666663] dark:text-muted-foreground hover:bg-black/5 dark:hover:bg-white/5 hover:text-[#191919] dark:hover:text-white'"
+                      @pointerenter="prefetchNavigationItem(item.href)"
                       @pointerdown="prefetchNavigationItem(item.href)"
+                      @focus="prefetchNavigationItem(item.href)"
                       @click="mobileMenuOpen = false"
                     >
                       <component
@@ -420,7 +422,7 @@ import {
 } from 'lucide-vue-next'
 
 import GithubIcon from '@/components/icons/GithubIcon.vue'
-import { prefetchAdminNavigationTarget } from '@/utils/adminNavigationPrefetch'
+import { prefetchNavigationTarget } from '@/utils/adminNavigationPrefetch'
 import { sanitizeMarkdown } from '@/utils/sanitize'
 import { useI18n, type MessageKey } from '@/i18n'
 import { buildBreadcrumbs, buildNavigation } from './main-layout/navigation'
@@ -1113,7 +1115,7 @@ function isNavActive(href: string) {
 }
 
 function prefetchNavigationItem(href: string) {
-  prefetchAdminNavigationTarget(href)
+  prefetchNavigationTarget(router, href)
 }
 
 const navigation = computed(() => {

frontend/src/mocks/data.ts

@@ -964,6 +964,7 @@ export const MOCK_SYSTEM_CONFIGS: Array<{ key: string; value: unknown; descripti
   { key: 'backup_s3_scope', value: 'data', description: 'S3 备份范围' },
   { key: 'backup_s3_endpoint', value: null, description: 'S3 Endpoint' },
   { key: 'backup_s3_region', value: 'auto', description: 'S3 Region' },
+  { key: 'backup_s3_user_agent', value: 'rclone/v1.68.0', description: 'S3 User-Agent' },
   { key: 'backup_s3_bucket', value: null, description: 'S3 Bucket' },
   { key: 'backup_s3_prefix', value: 'aether/backups/', description: 'S3 备份前缀' },
   { key: 'backup_s3_access_key_id', value: null, description: 'S3 Access Key ID' },

frontend/src/router/routes/__tests__/helpers.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+
+const { importWithRetryMock } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  importWithRetryMock: vi.fn(async (loader: () => Promise<unknown>) => loader()),
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/utils/importRetry', () => ({
+  importWithRetry: importWithRetryMock,
+}))
+
+import { view } from '../helpers'
+
+describe('route view loader', () => {
+  it('exposes a side-effect-free raw loader for navigation prefetch', async () => {
+    const component = { name: 'LazyPage' }
+    const rawLoader = vi.fn(async () => component)
+    const routeLoader = view(rawLoader)
+
+    await expect(routeLoader.prefetch()).resolves.toBe(component)
+    expect(rawLoader).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    expect(importWithRetryMock).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+
+    await expect(routeLoader()).resolves.toBe(component)
+    expect(importWithRetryMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+})

frontend/src/router/routes/helpers.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,12 @@
 import { importWithRetry } from '@/utils/importRetry'
 
-export const view = <T>(loader: () => Promise<T>) => () => importWithRetry(loader)
+type PrefetchableRouteLoader<T> = (() => Promise<T>) & {
+  prefetch: () => Promise<T>
+}
+
+export const view = <T>(loader: () => Promise<T>): PrefetchableRouteLoader<T> => {
+  const routeLoader = (() => importWithRetry(loader)) as PrefetchableRouteLoader<T>
+  // 预取只做一次原始 import；失败时不得触发导航加载器的清缓存和强刷恢复逻辑。
+  routeLoader.prefetch = loader
+  return routeLoader
+}

frontend/src/stores/__tests__/auth.spec.ts

@@ -106,6 +106,119 @@ describe('auth store logout', () => {
     expect(store.token).toBeNull()
   })
 
+  it('deduplicates concurrent current-user requests', async () => {
+    let resolveCurrentUser: ((user: {
+      id: string
+      username: string
+      role: string
+      is_active: boolean
+      created_at: string
+    }) => void) | null = null
+    getTokenMock.mockReturnValue('access-token')
+    getCurrentUserMock.mockImplementation(
+      () => new Promise((resolve) => {
+        resolveCurrentUser = resolve
+      })
+    )
+
+    const store = useAuthStore()
+    const firstRequest = store.fetchCurrentUser()
+    const secondRequest = store.fetchCurrentUser()
+
+    expect(getCurrentUserMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+
+    const currentUser = {
+      id: 'user-1',
+      username: 'tester',
+      role: 'user',
+      is_active: true,
+      created_at: '2026-03-16T00:00:00Z',
+    }
+    resolveCurrentUser?.(currentUser)
+
+    await expect(firstRequest).resolves.toEqual(currentUser)
+    await expect(secondRequest).resolves.toEqual(currentUser)
+  })
+
+  it('does not repeat a failed current-user request on every navigation', async () => {
+    getTokenMock.mockReturnValue('access-token')
+    getCurrentUserMock.mockRejectedValue(new Error('network unavailable'))
+
+    const store = useAuthStore()
+    await store.fetchCurrentUser()
+    await store.fetchCurrentUser()
+
+    expect(store.token).toBe('access-token')
+    expect(store.user).toBeNull()
+    expect(getCurrentUserMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+
+  it('does not restore a stale user after logout while the request is in flight', async () => {
+    let resolveCurrentUser: ((user: {
+      id: string
+      username: string
+      role: string
+      is_active: boolean
+      created_at: string
+    }) => void) | null = null
+    getTokenMock.mockReturnValue('access-token')
+    getCurrentUserMock.mockImplementation(
+      () => new Promise((resolve) => {
+        resolveCurrentUser = resolve
+      })
+    )
+
+    const store = useAuthStore()
+    const currentUserRequest = store.fetchCurrentUser()
+    await store.logout()
+    resolveCurrentUser?.({
+      id: 'stale-user',
+      username: 'stale',
+      role: 'user',
+      is_active: true,
+      created_at: '2026-03-16T00:00:00Z',
+    })
+
+    await expect(currentUserRequest).resolves.toBeNull()
+    expect(store.user).toBeNull()
+    expect(store.token).toBeNull()
+  })
+
+  it('does not restore a stale token when an in-flight request fails after logout', async () => {
+    let rejectCurrentUser: ((error: Error) => void) | null = null
+    getTokenMock.mockReturnValue('access-token')
+    getCurrentUserMock.mockImplementation(
+      () => new Promise((_resolve, reject) => {
+        rejectCurrentUser = reject
+      })
+    )
+
+    const store = useAuthStore()
+    const currentUserRequest = store.fetchCurrentUser()
+    await store.logout()
+    rejectCurrentUser?.(new Error('stale request failed'))
+
+    await expect(currentUserRequest).resolves.toBeNull()
+    expect(store.user).toBeNull()
+    expect(store.token).toBeNull()
+  })
+
+  it('skips the delayed auth check when the router already loaded the user', async () => {
+    getTokenMock.mockReturnValue('access-token')
+    const store = useAuthStore()
+    store.user = {
+      id: 'user-1',
+      username: 'tester',
+      role: 'user',
+      is_active: true,
+      created_at: '2026-03-16T00:00:00Z',
+    }
+
+    await store.checkAuth()
+
+    expect(getCurrentUserMock).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
   it('separates admin access from admin operations for audit administrators', () => {
     const store = useAuthStore()
 

frontend/src/stores/auth.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import { parseApiError } from '@/utils/errorParser'
 import { getErrorStatus } from '@/types/api-error'
 
 export const useAuthStore = defineStore('auth', () => {
+  const CURRENT_USER_FAILURE_BACKOFF_MS = 15_000
+
   // 初始化时从 localStorage 恢复 token
   const storedToken = apiClient.getToken()
 
@@ -14,6 +16,21 @@ export const useAuthStore = defineStore('auth', () => {
   const token = ref<string | null>(storedToken)
   const loading = ref(false)
   const error = ref<string | null>(null)
+  let fetchCurrentUserPromise: Promise<User | null> | null = null
+  let fetchCurrentUserToken: string | null = null
+  let lastCurrentUserFailureAt = 0
+  let lastCurrentUserFailureToken: string | null = null
+  let authStateVersion = 0
+
+  function resetCurrentUserFailure() {
+    lastCurrentUserFailureAt = 0
+    lastCurrentUserFailureToken = null
+  }
+
+  function markAuthStateChanged() {
+    authStateVersion += 1
+    resetCurrentUserFailure()
+  }
 
   const isAuthenticated = computed(() => {
     // 使用 store 中的 token 状态判断认证状态
@@ -29,6 +46,7 @@ export const useAuthStore = defineStore('auth', () => {
     const currentToken = apiClient.getToken()
     if (token.value !== currentToken) {
       token.value = currentToken
+      markAuthStateChanged()
     }
   }
   const isAdmin = computed(() => user.value?.role === 'admin')
@@ -43,10 +61,12 @@ export const useAuthStore = defineStore('auth', () => {
     try {
       const response = await authApi.login({ email, password, auth_type: authType })
       token.value = response.access_token
+      markAuthStateChanged()
 
       // 获取用户信息
       const userInfo = await authApi.getCurrentUser()
       user.value = userInfo
+      resetCurrentUserFailure()
 
       return true
     } catch (err: unknown) {
@@ -73,6 +93,7 @@ export const useAuthStore = defineStore('auth', () => {
   async function logout() {
     user.value = null
     token.value = null
+    markAuthStateChanged()
     await authApi.logout()
   }
 
@@ -80,32 +101,75 @@ export const useAuthStore = defineStore('auth', () => {
     user.value = null
     token.value = null
     error.value = null
+    markAuthStateChanged()
   }
 
-  async function fetchCurrentUser() {
-    try {
-      const userInfo = await authApi.getCurrentUser()
-      user.value = userInfo
-      return userInfo
-    } catch (err: unknown) {
-      log.error('Failed to fetch user info', err)
-      syncToken()
-      if (!token.value) {
-        user.value = null
-      }
-      // 根据用户要求,不管什么错误都不清除状态
-      // 保持登录状态,除非用户手动退出
-      log.info('Keeping session despite error, as per user requirement')
-      return null
+  function fetchCurrentUser(): Promise<User | null> {
+    const requestToken = token.value || apiClient.getToken()
+    if (!requestToken) {
+      user.value = null
+      return Promise.resolve(null)
     }
+
+    // 路由守卫、App 初始化和认证同步可能同时触发，复用同一个请求。
+    if (fetchCurrentUserPromise && fetchCurrentUserToken === requestToken) {
+      return fetchCurrentUserPromise
+    }
+
+    // 后端暂时不可用时，不要让每一次导航都重新等待全局请求超时。
+    if (
+      lastCurrentUserFailureToken === requestToken &&
+      Date.now() - lastCurrentUserFailureAt < CURRENT_USER_FAILURE_BACKOFF_MS
+    ) {
+      return Promise.resolve(null)
+    }
+
+    fetchCurrentUserToken = requestToken
+    const requestAuthStateVersion = authStateVersion
+    const request = (async () => {
+      try {
+        const userInfo = await authApi.getCurrentUser()
+        if (requestAuthStateVersion !== authStateVersion || !token.value) {
+          return null
+        }
+        user.value = userInfo
+        resetCurrentUserFailure()
+        return userInfo
+      } catch (err: unknown) {
+        log.error('Failed to fetch user info', err)
+        if (requestAuthStateVersion !== authStateVersion) {
+          return null
+        }
+        syncToken()
+        if (requestAuthStateVersion !== authStateVersion) {
+          if (!token.value) user.value = null
+          return null
+        }
+        if (!token.value) {
+          user.value = null
+        } else {
+          lastCurrentUserFailureAt = Date.now()
+          lastCurrentUserFailureToken = token.value
+        }
+        // 保留登录状态；短暂退避后允许再次校验。
+        log.info('Keeping session despite error, as per user requirement')
+        return null
+      } finally {
+        if (fetchCurrentUserPromise === request) {
+          fetchCurrentUserPromise = null
+          fetchCurrentUserToken = null
+        }
+      }
+    })()
+
+    fetchCurrentUserPromise = request
+    return request
   }
 
   async function checkAuth() {
-    const storedToken = apiClient.getToken()
-    if (storedToken) {
-      token.value = storedToken
-      // 即使获取用户信息失败,也保留 token
-      // 只有 401 错误才表示 token 真正失效
+    syncToken()
+    if (token.value && !user.value) {
+      // 即使获取用户信息失败,也保留 token。
       await fetchCurrentUser()
     }
   }

frontend/src/utils/__tests__/adminNavigationPrefetch.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { createMemoryHistory, createRouter } from 'vue-router'
+
+import { view } from '@/router/routes/helpers'
+import { prefetchNavigationTarget } from '@/utils/adminNavigationPrefetch'
+
+describe('navigation prefetch', () => {
+  it('warms the async component resolved from the target route', async () => {
+    const component = { render: () => null }
+    const rawLoader = vi.fn(async () => component)
+    const router = createRouter({
+      history: createMemoryHistory(),
+      routes: [{ path: '/settings', component: view(rawLoader) }],
+    })
+
+    prefetchNavigationTarget(router, '/settings')
+
+    await vi.waitFor(() => {
+      expect(rawLoader).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    })
+  })
+})

frontend/src/utils/__tests__/cache.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+
+import { cache, cachedRequest } from '@/utils/cache'
+
+function deferred<T>() {
+  let resolve!: (value: T) => void
+  const promise = new Promise<T>((resolvePromise) => {
+    resolve = resolvePromise
+  })
+  return { promise, resolve }
+}
+
+describe('request cache invalidation', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    cache.clear()
+  })
+
+  it('does not let an invalidated request overwrite a newer in-flight request', async () => {
+    const oldResponse = deferred<string>()
+    const newResponse = deferred<string>()
+    const staleFetcher = vi.fn(() => oldResponse.promise)
+    const freshFetcher = vi.fn(() => newResponse.promise)
+    const unexpectedFetcher = vi.fn(async () => 'unexpected')
+
+    const staleRequest = cachedRequest('config', staleFetcher, 30_000)
+    cache.delete('config')
+    const freshRequest = cachedRequest('config', freshFetcher, 30_000)
+
+    oldResponse.resolve('stale')
+    await expect(staleRequest).resolves.toBe('stale')
+    expect(cache.get('config')).toBeNull()
+
+    const deduplicatedRequest = cachedRequest('config', unexpectedFetcher, 30_000)
+    expect(unexpectedFetcher).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+
+    newResponse.resolve('fresh')
+    await expect(freshRequest).resolves.toBe('fresh')
+    await expect(deduplicatedRequest).resolves.toBe('fresh')
+    expect(cache.get('config')).toBe('fresh')
+  })
+
+  it('does not refill the cache from a request started before a global clear', async () => {
+    const response = deferred<string>()
+    const request = cachedRequest('dashboard', () => response.promise, 30_000)
+
+    cache.clear()
+    response.resolve('previous-user-data')
+
+    await expect(request).resolves.toBe('previous-user-data')
+    expect(cache.get('dashboard')).toBeNull()
+  })
+})

frontend/src/utils/__tests__/nearViewport.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { observeNearViewportOnce } from '@/utils/nearViewport'
+
+interface MockObserverInstance {
+  callback: IntersectionObserverCallback
+  options?: IntersectionObserverInit
+  observed: Element[]
+  disconnect: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>
+}
+
+const instances: MockObserverInstance[] = []
+
+class MockIntersectionObserver {
+  readonly root = null
+  readonly rootMargin = ''
+  readonly thresholds = [0]
+  readonly callback: IntersectionObserverCallback
+  readonly options?: IntersectionObserverInit
+  readonly observed: Element[] = []
+  readonly disconnect = vi.fn()
+
+  constructor(callback: IntersectionObserverCallback, options?: IntersectionObserverInit) {
+    this.callback = callback
+    this.options = options
+    instances.push(this)
+  }
+
+  observe(target: Element) {
+    this.observed.push(target)
+  }
+
+  unobserve() {}
+  takeRecords(): IntersectionObserverEntry[] { return [] }
+}
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  instances.length = 0
+  vi.unstubAllGlobals()
+})
+
+describe('observeNearViewportOnce', () => {
+  it('uses the provided scroll root and loads once on intersection', () => {
+    vi.stubGlobal('IntersectionObserver', MockIntersectionObserver)
+    const target = document.createElement('section')
+    const root = document.createElement('main')
+    const onNearViewport = vi.fn()
+
+    observeNearViewportOnce({
+      target,
+      root,
+      rootMargin: '600px 0px',
+      onNearViewport,
+    })
+
+    const observer = instances[0]
+    expect(observer?.observed).toEqual([target])
+    expect(observer?.options).toMatchObject({ root, rootMargin: '600px 0px', threshold: 0 })
+    expect(onNearViewport).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+
+    observer?.callback([
+      { isIntersecting: true, target } as IntersectionObserverEntry,
+    ], observer as unknown as IntersectionObserver)
+    observer?.callback([
+      { isIntersecting: true, target } as IntersectionObserverEntry,
+    ], observer as unknown as IntersectionObserver)
+
+    expect(onNearViewport).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    expect(observer?.disconnect).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+
+  it('disconnects without loading when disposed before intersection', () => {
+    vi.stubGlobal('IntersectionObserver', MockIntersectionObserver)
+    const target = document.createElement('section')
+    const onNearViewport = vi.fn()
+    const stop = observeNearViewportOnce({ target, onNearViewport })
+    const observer = instances[0]
+
+    stop()
+    observer?.callback([
+      { isIntersecting: true, target } as IntersectionObserverEntry,
+    ], observer as unknown as IntersectionObserver)
+
+    expect(observer?.disconnect).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    expect(onNearViewport).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('falls back to immediate loading when IntersectionObserver is unavailable', () => {
+    vi.stubGlobal('IntersectionObserver', undefined)
+    const onNearViewport = vi.fn()
+
+    const stop = observeNearViewportOnce({
+      target: document.createElement('section'),
+      onNearViewport,
+    })
+
+    expect(onNearViewport).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    expect(() => stop()).not.toThrow()
+  })
+})

frontend/src/utils/adminNavigationPrefetch.ts

@@ -1,45 +1,43 @@
 import { log } from '@/utils/logger'
+import type { Router } from 'vue-router'
 
 const PREFETCH_COOLDOWN_MS = 5 * 1000
 
 const lastPrefetchAt = new Map<string, number>()
 
-const adminRouteWarmers: Record<string, () => Promise<void>> = {
-  '/admin/users': async () => {
-    await import('@/views/admin/Users.vue')
-  },
-  '/admin/providers': async () => {
-    await import('@/views/admin/ProviderManagement.vue')
-  },
-  '/admin/models': async () => {
-    await import('@/views/admin/ModelManagement.vue')
-  },
-  '/admin/routing': async () => {
-    await import('@/views/admin/RoutingProfiles.vue')
-  },
-  '/admin/pool': async () => {
-    await import('@/views/admin/PoolManagement.vue')
-  },
-  '/admin/payment-gateways': async () => {
-    await import('@/views/admin/PaymentGatewaySettings.vue')
-  },
-  '/admin/billing-plans': async () => {
-    await import('@/views/admin/BillingPlansManagement.vue')
-  },
+type PrefetchableRouteLoader = (() => unknown) & {
+  prefetch?: () => Promise<unknown>
 }
 
-export function prefetchAdminNavigationTarget(href: string): void {
-  const warmer = adminRouteWarmers[href]
-  if (!warmer) return
-
+/**
+ * 预取目标路由链中的异步组件。
+ *
+ * 直接从 Router 解析组件，避免维护一份容易遗漏用户页和新增管理页的硬编码表。
+ */
+export function prefetchNavigationTarget(router: Router, href: string): void {
   const now = Date.now()
   const lastRun = lastPrefetchAt.get(href) ?? 0
   if (now - lastRun < PREFETCH_COOLDOWN_MS) {
     return
   }
+
+  const loaders = router.resolve(href).matched.flatMap((record) =>
+    Object.values(record.components ?? {})
+      .filter((component): component is PrefetchableRouteLoader =>
+        typeof component === 'function'
+        && typeof (component as PrefetchableRouteLoader).prefetch === 'function'
+      )
+      .map(component => component.prefetch as () => Promise<unknown>)
+  )
+  if (loaders.length === 0) return
+
   lastPrefetchAt.set(href, now)
 
-  void warmer().catch((err) => {
-    log.debug('[adminNavigationPrefetch] ignore prefetch failure', err)
-  })
+  for (const loader of new Set(loaders)) {
+    void Promise.resolve()
+      .then(() => loader())
+      .catch((err) => {
+        log.debug('[navigationPrefetch] ignore prefetch failure', err)
+      })
+  }
 }

frontend/src/utils/cache.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ interface CacheItem<T> {
 class MemoryCache {
   private cache: Map<string, CacheItem<unknown>> = new Map()
   private inFlight: Map<string, Promise<unknown>> = new Map()
+  private epoch = 0
+  private keyVersions: Map<string, number> = new Map()
   private defaultTTL = 60000 // 默认缓存60秒
 
   /**
@@ -55,14 +57,18 @@ class MemoryCache {
    */
   delete(key: string): void {
     this.cache.delete(key)
+    this.inFlight.delete(key)
+    this.keyVersions.set(key, (this.keyVersions.get(key) ?? 0) + 1)
   }
 
   /**
    * 清空所有缓存
    */
   clear(): void {
+    this.epoch += 1
     this.cache.clear()
     this.inFlight.clear()
+    this.keyVersions.clear()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -101,8 +107,21 @@ class MemoryCache {
   /**
    * 清除进行中的请求
    */
-  deleteInFlight(key: string): void {
-    this.inFlight.delete(key)
+  deleteInFlight(key: string, request?: Promise<unknown>): void {
+    if (!request || this.inFlight.get(key) === request) {
+      this.inFlight.delete(key)
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 捕获 key 当前的失效版本，防止退出登录或写操作之后，旧请求重新回填缓存。
+   */
+  version(key: string): readonly [number, number] {
+    return [this.epoch, this.keyVersions.get(key) ?? 0]
+  }
+
+  isCurrentVersion(key: string, version: readonly [number, number]): boolean {
+    return version[0] === this.epoch && version[1] === (this.keyVersions.get(key) ?? 0)
   }
 }
 
@@ -140,15 +159,20 @@ export async function cachedRequest<T>(
   }
 
   // 缓存未命中，执行请求并登记为 in-flight
-  const request = (async () => {
+  const version = cache.version(key)
+  // Keep this mutable declaration: a synchronously throwing fetcher can reach `finally`
+  // before the Promise assignment completes, so a self-referencing `const` would hit TDZ.
+  let request: Promise<T>
+  // eslint-disable-next-line prefer-const
+  request = (async () => {
     try {
       const data = await fetcher()
-      if (ttl !== 0) {
+      if (ttl !== 0 && cache.isCurrentVersion(key, version)) {
         cache.set(key, data, ttl)
       }
       return data
     } finally {
-      cache.deleteInFlight(key)
+      cache.deleteInFlight(key, request)
     }
   })()
 

frontend/src/utils/nearViewport.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+export interface ObserveNearViewportOnceOptions {
+  target: Element
+  root?: Element | null
+  rootMargin?: string
+  onNearViewport: () => void
+}
+
+/**
+ * Run a callback once when an element reaches the viewport's preload margin.
+ * Browsers without IntersectionObserver load eagerly so content never remains stuck.
+ */
+export function observeNearViewportOnce({
+  target,
+  root = null,
+  rootMargin = '0px',
+  onNearViewport,
+}: ObserveNearViewportOnceOptions): () => void {
+  if (typeof IntersectionObserver === 'undefined') {
+    onNearViewport()
+    return () => {}
+  }
+
+  let stopped = false
+  let observer: IntersectionObserver | null = null
+
+  observer = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {
+    if (stopped || !entries.some(entry => entry.isIntersecting)) return
+
+    stopped = true
+    observer?.disconnect()
+    onNearViewport()
+  }, {
+    root,
+    rootMargin,
+    threshold: 0,
+  })
+
+  observer.observe(target)
+
+  return () => {
+    if (stopped) return
+    stopped = true
+    observer?.disconnect()
+  }
+}

frontend/src/views/admin/AdminOperationsDashboard.vue

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
       </div>
       <div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
         <Badge variant="outline">
-          自动刷新 10s
+          手动刷新
         </Badge>
         <span class="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
           更新 {{ lastUpdatedLabel }}
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
         <RefreshButton
           :loading="refreshing"
           title="刷新运维总览"
-          @click="refreshAll"
+          @click="refreshAll()"
         />
         <TimeRangePicker
           v-model="timeRange"
@@ -702,8 +702,8 @@
               :value-class="errorRateValueClass"
             />
             <MetricCell
-              label="请求错误"
-              :value="formatMetricNumber(summaryStats?.error_requests)"
+              label="已分类错误"
+              :value="formatMetricNumber(classifiedErrorCount)"
             />
             <MetricCell
               label="熔断打开"
@@ -1012,7 +1012,7 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { computed, defineComponent, h, onMounted, onUnmounted, ref, watch, type Component } from 'vue'
+import { computed, defineComponent, h, onUnmounted, ref, watch, type Component } from 'vue'
 import { RouterLink } from 'vue-router'
 import type { ChartData, ChartOptions } from 'chart.js'
 import {
@@ -1034,9 +1034,8 @@ import LineChart from '@/components/charts/LineChart.vue'
 import DoughnutChart from '@/components/charts/DoughnutChart.vue'
 import { adminApi, type ErrorDistributionItem, type PercentileItem, type ProviderPerformanceResponse } from '@/api/admin'
 import { cacheApi, redisCacheApi, type CacheStats, type RedisCacheCategoriesResponse } from '@/api/cache'
-import { monitoringApi, type AdminMonitoringRecentError, type AdminMonitoringResilienceStatus, type AdminMonitoringSystemStatus, type GatewayMetricsSummary } from '@/api/monitoring'
+import { monitoringApi, type AdminMonitoringRecentError, type AdminMonitoringResilienceStatus, type GatewayMetricsSummary } from '@/api/monitoring'
 import { proxyNodesApi, type ProxyNode, type ProxyNodeMetricsResponse } from '@/api/proxy-nodes'
-import { usageApi, type UsageStats } from '@/api/usage'
 import { getDateRangeFromPeriod } from '@/features/usage/composables'
 import type { DateRangeParams } from '@/features/usage/types'
 import { formatByteSize, formatCurrency, formatNumber, formatTokens } from '@/utils/format'
@@ -1063,7 +1062,6 @@ const MetricCell = defineComponent<MetricCellProps>({
   },
 })
 
-const AUTO_REFRESH_MS = 10_000
 const DEFAULT_SLOW_THRESHOLD_MS = 10_000
 
 interface ResourceSnapshot {
@@ -1079,24 +1077,28 @@ const timeRange = ref<DateRangeParams>({
   ...getDateRangeFromPeriod('today'),
   granularity: 'hour',
 })
-const summaryStats = ref<UsageStats | null>(null)
 const timeSeries = ref<Array<Record<string, unknown>>>([])
 const percentiles = ref<PercentileItem[]>([])
 const providerPerformance = ref<ProviderPerformanceResponse | null>(null)
 const errorDistribution = ref<ErrorDistributionItem[]>([])
-const systemStatus = ref<AdminMonitoringSystemStatus | null>(null)
+const errorDistributionLoaded = ref(false)
 const resilienceStatus = ref<AdminMonitoringResilienceStatus | null>(null)
 const gatewayMetrics = ref<GatewayMetricsSummary | null>(null)
 const cacheStats = ref<CacheStats | null>(null)
 const redisCategories = ref<RedisCacheCategoriesResponse | null>(null)
 const resourceSnapshot = ref<ResourceSnapshot | null>(null)
 const lastUpdatedAt = ref<string | null>(null)
-const loadWarning = ref<string | null>(null)
+const analyticsWarning = ref<string | null>(null)
+const realtimeWarning = ref<string | null>(null)
+const loadWarning = computed(() =>
+  [analyticsWarning.value, realtimeWarning.value].filter(Boolean).join('；') || null
+)
 const refreshing = ref(false)
 const trendLoading = ref(false)
 const percentileLoading = ref(false)
-let refreshTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null
 let requestId = 0
+let refreshPromise: Promise<void> | null = null
+let analyticsGeneration = 0
 
 const timeRangeParams = computed(() => ({
   start_date: timeRange.value.start_date,
@@ -1314,80 +1316,140 @@ function sumSeries(field: string): number {
   return timeSeries.value.reduce((total, item) => total + numeric(item[field]), 0)
 }
 
-async function refreshAll() {
+function seriesTokenTotal(item: Record<string, unknown>): number {
+  return numeric(item.input_tokens)
+    + numeric(item.output_tokens)
+    + numeric(item.cache_creation_tokens)
+    + numeric(item.cache_read_tokens)
+}
+
+async function performRefresh(refreshAnalytics: boolean) {
   const currentRequestId = ++requestId
+  const currentAnalyticsGeneration = analyticsGeneration
   refreshing.value = true
-  trendLoading.value = timeSeries.value.length === 0
-  percentileLoading.value = percentiles.value.length === 0
+  if (refreshAnalytics) {
+    trendLoading.value = timeSeries.value.length === 0
+    percentileLoading.value = percentiles.value.length === 0
+    analyticsWarning.value = null
+  }
+  realtimeWarning.value = null
 
   const params = timeRangeParams.value
+  const canCommitRealtime = () => currentRequestId === requestId
+  const canCommitAnalytics = () => (
+    refreshAnalytics
+    && canCommitRealtime()
+    && currentAnalyticsGeneration === analyticsGeneration
+  )
+
+  const timeSeriesRequest = (refreshAnalytics
+    ? adminApi.getTimeSeries(params, { skipCache: true })
+    : Promise.resolve(timeSeries.value)
+  ).then((value) => {
+    if (canCommitAnalytics()) timeSeries.value = value
+    return value
+  }).finally(() => {
+    if (canCommitAnalytics()) trendLoading.value = false
+  })
+
+  const percentilesRequest = (refreshAnalytics
+    ? adminApi.getPercentiles(params, { skipCache: true })
+    : Promise.resolve(percentiles.value)
+  ).then((value) => {
+    if (canCommitAnalytics()) percentiles.value = value
+    return value
+  }).finally(() => {
+    if (canCommitAnalytics()) percentileLoading.value = false
+  })
+
+  const providerPerformanceRequest = (refreshAnalytics
+    ? adminApi.getProviderPerformance({
+        ...params,
+        granularity: params.granularity === 'hour' ? 'hour' : 'day',
+        limit: 8,
+        slow_threshold_ms: DEFAULT_SLOW_THRESHOLD_MS,
+        include_timeline: false,
+      }, { skipCache: true })
+    : Promise.resolve(providerPerformance.value)
+  ).then((value) => {
+    if (canCommitAnalytics()) providerPerformance.value = value
+    return value
+  })
+
+  const errorDistributionRequest = (refreshAnalytics
+    ? adminApi.getErrorDistribution(params, { skipCache: true })
+    : Promise.resolve({ distribution: errorDistribution.value })
+  ).then((value) => {
+    if (canCommitAnalytics()) {
+      errorDistribution.value = value.distribution
+      errorDistributionLoaded.value = true
+    }
+    return value
+  })
+
+  const resilienceRequest = monitoringApi.getResilienceStatus().then((value) => {
+    if (canCommitRealtime()) resilienceStatus.value = value
+    return value
+  })
+  const gatewayRequest = monitoringApi.getGatewayMetricsSummary().then((value) => {
+    if (canCommitRealtime()) gatewayMetrics.value = value
+    return value
+  })
+  const cacheRequest = cacheApi.getStats().then((value) => {
+    if (canCommitRealtime()) cacheStats.value = value
+    return value
+  })
+  const redisRequest = redisCacheApi.getCategories().then((value) => {
+    if (canCommitRealtime()) redisCategories.value = value
+    return value
+  })
+  const resourceRequest = loadResourceSnapshot().then((value) => {
+    if (canCommitRealtime()) resourceSnapshot.value = value
+    return value
+  })
+
   const results = await Promise.allSettled([
-    usageApi.getUsageStats(params, { skipCache: true }),
-    adminApi.getTimeSeries(params),
-    adminApi.getPercentiles(params),
-    adminApi.getProviderPerformance({
-      ...params,
-      granularity: params.granularity === 'hour' ? 'hour' : 'day',
-      limit: 8,
-      slow_threshold_ms: DEFAULT_SLOW_THRESHOLD_MS,
-    }),
-    adminApi.getErrorDistribution(params),
-    monitoringApi.getSystemStatus(),
-    monitoringApi.getResilienceStatus(),
-    monitoringApi.getGatewayMetricsSummary(),
-    cacheApi.getStats(),
-    redisCacheApi.getCategories(),
-    loadResourceSnapshot(),
+    timeSeriesRequest,
+    percentilesRequest,
+    providerPerformanceRequest,
+    errorDistributionRequest,
+    resilienceRequest,
+    gatewayRequest,
+    cacheRequest,
+    redisRequest,
+    resourceRequest,
   ])
 
   if (currentRequestId !== requestId) return
 
-  const failed: string[] = []
+  const analyticsFailed: string[] = []
+  const realtimeFailed: string[] = []
   const [
-    summaryResult,
     timeSeriesResult,
     percentilesResult,
     providerPerformanceResult,
     errorDistributionResult,
-    systemStatusResult,
     resilienceResult,
     gatewayResult,
     cacheResult,
     redisResult,
-    resourceResult,
   ] = results
 
-  if (summaryResult.status === 'fulfilled') summaryStats.value = summaryResult.value
-  else failed.push('统计摘要')
+  if (refreshAnalytics && currentAnalyticsGeneration === analyticsGeneration) {
+    if (timeSeriesResult.status === 'rejected') analyticsFailed.push('流量趋势')
+    if (percentilesResult.status === 'rejected') analyticsFailed.push('延迟百分位')
+    if (providerPerformanceResult.status === 'rejected') analyticsFailed.push('上游性能')
+    if (errorDistributionResult.status === 'rejected') analyticsFailed.push('错误分类')
 
-  if (timeSeriesResult.status === 'fulfilled') timeSeries.value = timeSeriesResult.value
-  else failed.push('流量趋势')
+    analyticsWarning.value = analyticsFailed.length
+      ? `分析数据加载失败：${analyticsFailed.join('、')}`
+      : null
+  }
 
-  if (percentilesResult.status === 'fulfilled') percentiles.value = percentilesResult.value
-  else failed.push('延迟百分位')
-
-  if (providerPerformanceResult.status === 'fulfilled') providerPerformance.value = providerPerformanceResult.value
-  else failed.push('上游性能')
-
-  if (errorDistributionResult.status === 'fulfilled') errorDistribution.value = errorDistributionResult.value.distribution
-  else failed.push('错误分类')
-
-  if (systemStatusResult.status === 'fulfilled') systemStatus.value = systemStatusResult.value
-  else failed.push('系统状态')
-
-  if (resilienceResult.status === 'fulfilled') resilienceStatus.value = resilienceResult.value
-  else failed.push('韧性状态')
-
-  if (gatewayResult.status === 'fulfilled') gatewayMetrics.value = gatewayResult.value
-  else failed.push('网关指标')
-
-  if (cacheResult.status === 'fulfilled') cacheStats.value = cacheResult.value
-  else failed.push('缓存统计')
-
-  if (redisResult.status === 'fulfilled') redisCategories.value = redisResult.value
-  else failed.push('Redis 分类')
-
-  if (resourceResult.status === 'fulfilled') resourceSnapshot.value = resourceResult.value
+  if (resilienceResult.status === 'rejected') realtimeFailed.push('韧性状态')
+  if (gatewayResult.status === 'rejected') realtimeFailed.push('网关指标')
+  if (cacheResult.status === 'rejected') realtimeFailed.push('缓存统计')
+  if (redisResult.status === 'rejected') realtimeFailed.push('Redis 分类')
 
   results.forEach((result, index) => {
     if (result.status === 'rejected') {
@@ -1395,19 +1457,45 @@ async function refreshAll() {
     }
   })
 
-  loadWarning.value = failed.length ? `部分数据加载失败：${failed.join('、')}` : null
-  lastUpdatedAt.value = new Date().toISOString()
-  refreshing.value = false
-  trendLoading.value = false
-  percentileLoading.value = false
+  realtimeWarning.value = realtimeFailed.length
+    ? `实时数据加载失败：${realtimeFailed.join('、')}`
+    : null
+  if (currentAnalyticsGeneration === analyticsGeneration) {
+    lastUpdatedAt.value = new Date().toISOString()
+  }
+}
+
+function refreshAll(): Promise<void> {
+  if (refreshPromise) {
+    return refreshPromise
+  }
+
+  const request = performRefresh(true).finally(() => {
+    if (refreshPromise === request) {
+      refreshPromise = null
+    }
+    refreshing.value = false
+    trendLoading.value = false
+    percentileLoading.value = false
+  })
+  refreshPromise = request
+  return request
 }
 
 const lastUpdatedLabel = computed(() => formatShortDate(lastUpdatedAt.value))
 
-const totalRequests = computed(() => summaryStats.value?.total_requests ?? sumSeries('total_requests'))
-const totalTokens = computed(() => summaryStats.value?.total_tokens ?? sumSeries('total_tokens'))
-const totalCost = computed(() => summaryStats.value?.total_cost ?? sumSeries('total_cost'))
-const avgResponseMs = computed(() => providerPerformance.value?.summary.avg_response_time_ms ?? (summaryStats.value?.avg_response_time ? summaryStats.value.avg_response_time * 1000 : null))
+const totalRequests = computed(() => sumSeries('total_requests'))
+const totalTokens = computed(() => timeSeries.value.reduce(
+  (total, item) => total + seriesTokenTotal(item),
+  0,
+))
+const totalCost = computed(() => sumSeries('total_cost'))
+const classifiedErrorCount = computed(() => (
+  errorDistributionLoaded.value
+    ? errorDistribution.value.reduce((total, item) => total + numeric(item.count), 0)
+    : null
+))
+const avgResponseMs = computed(() => providerPerformance.value?.summary.avg_response_time_ms ?? null)
 const avgFirstByteMs = computed(() => providerPerformance.value?.summary.avg_first_byte_time_ms ?? average(percentiles.value.map(item => item.p50_first_byte_time_ms)))
 const avgOutputTps = computed(() => providerPerformance.value?.summary.avg_output_tps ?? null)
 const windowSeconds = computed(() => {
@@ -1446,9 +1534,9 @@ const kpiCards = computed<Array<{
     iconClass: 'text-sky-500',
   },
   {
-    title: '吞吐 Tokens',
+    title: '趋势 Tokens',
     value: formatTokens(totalTokens.value),
-    hint: `${formatMetricNumber(tokensPerMinute.value)} TPM`,
+    hint: `趋势聚合 · ${formatMetricNumber(tokensPerMinute.value)} TPM`,
     icon: Zap,
     iconClass: 'text-amber-500',
   },
@@ -1511,7 +1599,7 @@ const trafficChartData = computed<ChartData<'line'>>(() => ({
     },
     {
       label: 'Tokens',
-      data: timeSeries.value.map(item => numeric(item.total_tokens)),
+      data: timeSeries.value.map(seriesTokenTotal),
       borderColor: 'rgb(245, 158, 11)',
       backgroundColor: 'rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.12)',
       tension: 0.25,
@@ -1609,8 +1697,8 @@ const distributedGateVariant = computed<'warning' | 'outline'>(() => (
 const distributedGateText = computed(() => (
   gatewayMetrics.value?.distributed.unavailable ? '全局不可用' : '全局在线'
 ))
-const currentActiveStreams = computed(() => gatewayMetrics.value?.tunnel.activeStreams ?? systemStatus.value?.tunnel.active_streams ?? null)
-const currentProxyConnections = computed(() => gatewayMetrics.value?.tunnel.proxyConnections ?? systemStatus.value?.tunnel.proxy_connections ?? null)
+const currentActiveStreams = computed(() => gatewayMetrics.value?.tunnel.activeStreams ?? null)
+const currentProxyConnections = computed(() => gatewayMetrics.value?.tunnel.proxyConnections ?? null)
 const localGateUtilization = computed(() => gateUtilization(gatewayMetrics.value?.local))
 const distributedGateUtilization = computed(() => gateUtilization(gatewayMetrics.value?.distributed))
 const candidatePlanningGateUtilization = computed(() => gateUtilization(gatewayMetrics.value?.candidatePlanning))
@@ -2078,20 +2166,21 @@ const opsLinks = [
 ]
 
 watch(timeRange, () => {
-  void refreshAll()
+  // 手动模式下切换范围只清空旧范围数据，不自动发起请求。
+  analyticsGeneration += 1
+  timeSeries.value = []
+  percentiles.value = []
+  providerPerformance.value = null
+  errorDistribution.value = []
+  errorDistributionLoaded.value = false
+  analyticsWarning.value = null
+  lastUpdatedAt.value = null
+  trendLoading.value = false
+  percentileLoading.value = false
 }, { deep: true })
 
-onMounted(() => {
-  void refreshAll()
-  refreshTimer = setInterval(() => {
-    void refreshAll()
-  }, AUTO_REFRESH_MS)
-})
-
 onUnmounted(() => {
-  if (refreshTimer) {
-    clearInterval(refreshTimer)
-    refreshTimer = null
-  }
+  requestId += 1
+  analyticsGeneration += 1
 })
 </script>

frontend/src/views/admin/CacheMonitoring.vue

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { ref, computed, onMounted, watch, onBeforeUnmount } from 'vue'
+import { ref, computed, nextTick, onMounted, watch, onBeforeUnmount } from 'vue'
 import Card from '@/components/ui/card.vue'
 import Button from '@/components/ui/button.vue'
 import Badge from '@/components/ui/badge.vue'
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import {
 import { log } from '@/utils/logger'
 import { formatApiFormat } from '@/api/endpoints/types/api-format'
 import { formatClientFamily } from '@/features/usage/utils/clientFamily'
+import { observeNearViewportOnce } from '@/utils/nearViewport'
 
 // ==================== 缓存统计与亲和性列表 ====================
 
@@ -71,6 +72,12 @@ const { confirm: showConfirm } = useConfirm()
 let searchDebounceTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null
 let skipNextKeywordWatch = false
 let countdownTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null
+let stopAnalysisObserver: (() => void) | null = null
+let initialDataPromise: Promise<void> | null = null
+let analysisLoadRequested = false
+let isUnmounted = false
+
+const analysisSectionRef = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null)
 
 // ==================== TTL 分析 (使用 composable) ====================
 
@@ -521,6 +528,34 @@ async function refreshData() {
   ])
 }
 
+function requestAnalysisLoad() {
+  if (analysisLoadRequested) return
+  analysisLoadRequested = true
+
+  const waitForInitialData = initialDataPromise ?? Promise.resolve()
+  void waitForInitialData.then(() => {
+    if (!isUnmounted) {
+      return refreshAnalysis()
+    }
+  })
+}
+
+function setupAnalysisObserver() {
+  const target = analysisSectionRef.value
+  if (!target) {
+    requestAnalysisLoad()
+    return
+  }
+
+  const scrollRoot = target.closest('.app-shell__content')
+  stopAnalysisObserver = observeNearViewportOnce({
+    target,
+    root: scrollRoot,
+    rootMargin: '600px 0px',
+    onNearViewport: requestAnalysisLoad,
+  })
+}
+
 // ==================== 生命周期 ====================
 
 watch(tableKeyword, (value) => {
@@ -540,18 +575,25 @@ watch(tableKeyword, (value) => {
 
 onMounted(() => {
   document.addEventListener('visibilitychange', handleVisibilityChange)
-  fetchCacheStats()
-  fetchCacheConfig()
-  fetchAffinityList()
-  fetchModelMappingStats()
-  fetchRedisCacheCategories()
+  const initialLoad = refreshData()
+  initialDataPromise = initialLoad
+  void initialLoad.finally(() => {
+    if (initialDataPromise === initialLoad) {
+      initialDataPromise = null
+    }
+  })
   startCountdown()
-  refreshAnalysis()
+  void nextTick().then(() => {
+    if (!isUnmounted) setupAnalysisObserver()
+  })
 })
 
 onBeforeUnmount(() => {
+  isUnmounted = true
   document.removeEventListener('visibilitychange', handleVisibilityChange)
   if (searchDebounceTimer) clearTimeout(searchDebounceTimer)
+  stopAnalysisObserver?.()
+  stopAnalysisObserver = null
   stopCountdown()
 })
 </script>
@@ -1342,7 +1384,10 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
 
     <!-- TTL 分析区域 -->
     <Card class="overflow-hidden">
-      <div class="px-4 sm:px-6 py-3 sm:py-3.5 border-b border-border/60">
+      <div
+        ref="analysisSectionRef"
+        class="px-4 sm:px-6 py-3 sm:py-3.5 border-b border-border/60"
+      >
         <div class="flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between gap-3 sm:gap-4">
           <div class="flex items-center gap-3 shrink-0">
             <BarChart3 class="h-5 w-5 text-muted-foreground hidden sm:block" />

frontend/src/views/admin/EmailSettings.vue

@@ -742,7 +742,7 @@ async function handleResetTemplate() {
 
 async function loadEmailConfig() {
   try {
-    const configs = [
+    const configKeys = [
       // SMTP 邮件配置
       'smtp_host',
       'smtp_port',
@@ -756,19 +756,18 @@ async function loadEmailConfig() {
       'email_suffix_mode',
       'email_suffix_list',
     ]
+    const configs = await adminApi.getAllSystemConfigs({ cacheTtlMs: 30_000 })
+    const configsByKey = new Map(configs.map(config => [config.key, config]))
 
-    for (const key of configs) {
-      try {
-        const response = await adminApi.getSystemConfig(key)
-        // 特殊处理敏感字段：只记录是否已设置，不填充值
-        if (key === 'smtp_password') {
-          smtpPasswordIsSet.value = response.is_set === true
-          // 不设置 smtp_password 的值，保持为 null
-        } else if (response.value !== null && response.value !== undefined) {
-          (emailConfig.value as Record<string, unknown>)[key] = response.value
-        }
-      } catch {
-        // 配置不存在时使用默认值，无需处理
+    for (const key of configKeys) {
+      const response = configsByKey.get(key)
+      if (!response) continue
+      // 特殊处理敏感字段：只记录是否已设置，不填充值
+      if (key === 'smtp_password') {
+        smtpPasswordIsSet.value = response.is_set === true
+        // 不设置 smtp_password 的值，保持为 null
+      } else if (response.value !== null && response.value !== undefined) {
+        (emailConfig.value as Record<string, unknown>)[key] = response.value
       }
     }
   } catch (err) {

frontend/src/views/admin/PerformanceAnalysis.vue

@@ -1145,11 +1145,27 @@ async function loadLiveData(options: { silent?: boolean } = {}) {
     liveRefreshing.value = true
   }
 
+  function commitIfCurrent<T>(request: Promise<T>, commit: (value: T) => void): Promise<void> {
+    return request.then((value) => {
+      if (requestId !== liveRequestId) return
+      commit(value)
+      liveReady.value = true
+    })
+  }
+
   const results = await Promise.allSettled([
-    monitoringApi.getSystemStatus(),
-    monitoringApi.getResilienceStatus(),
-    monitoringApi.getCircuitHistory(8),
-    monitoringApi.getGatewayMetricsSummary(),
+    commitIfCurrent(monitoringApi.getSystemStatus(), (value) => {
+      systemStatus.value = value
+    }),
+    commitIfCurrent(monitoringApi.getResilienceStatus(), (value) => {
+      resilienceStatus.value = value
+    }),
+    commitIfCurrent(monitoringApi.getCircuitHistory(8), (value) => {
+      circuitHistory.value = value.items
+    }),
+    commitIfCurrent(monitoringApi.getGatewayMetricsSummary(), (value) => {
+      gatewayMetrics.value = value
+    }),
   ])
 
   if (requestId !== liveRequestId) {
@@ -1162,7 +1178,6 @@ async function loadLiveData(options: { silent?: boolean } = {}) {
   const [systemResult, resilienceResult, circuitResult, metricsResult] = results
 
   if (systemResult.status === 'fulfilled') {
-    systemStatus.value = systemResult.value
     successCount += 1
   } else {
     failedScopes.push('系统状态')
@@ -1170,7 +1185,6 @@ async function loadLiveData(options: { silent?: boolean } = {}) {
   }
 
   if (resilienceResult.status === 'fulfilled') {
-    resilienceStatus.value = resilienceResult.value
     successCount += 1
   } else {
     failedScopes.push('韧性状态')
@@ -1178,7 +1192,6 @@ async function loadLiveData(options: { silent?: boolean } = {}) {
   }
 
   if (circuitResult.status === 'fulfilled') {
-    circuitHistory.value = circuitResult.value.items
     successCount += 1
   } else {
     failedScopes.push('熔断历史')
@@ -1186,7 +1199,6 @@ async function loadLiveData(options: { silent?: boolean } = {}) {
   }
 
   if (metricsResult.status === 'fulfilled') {
-    gatewayMetrics.value = metricsResult.value
     successCount += 1
   } else {
     failedScopes.push('网关指标')

frontend/src/views/admin/ProviderManagement.vue

@@ -221,6 +221,7 @@
   />
 
   <ProviderDetailDrawer
+    v-if="providerDrawerOpen"
     :open="providerDrawerOpen"
     :provider-id="selectedProviderId"
     :initial-provider="selectedProvider"
@@ -239,7 +240,7 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { ref, computed, watch, onMounted, onUnmounted } from 'vue'
+import { ref, computed, watch, onMounted, onUnmounted, defineAsyncComponent } from 'vue'
 import Card from '@/components/ui/card.vue'
 import Table from '@/components/ui/table.vue'
 import TableHeader from '@/components/ui/table-header.vue'
@@ -251,7 +252,6 @@ import TableFilterMenu from '@/components/ui/table-filter-menu.vue'
 import Pagination from '@/components/ui/pagination.vue'
 import { ProviderFormDialog, PriorityManagementDialog, ProviderAuthDialog } from '@/features/providers/components'
 import ProviderBatchActionDialog from '@/features/providers/components/ProviderBatchActionDialog.vue'
-import ProviderDetailDrawer from '@/features/providers/components/ProviderDetailDrawer.vue'
 import ProviderTableHeader from '@/features/providers/components/ProviderTableHeader.vue'
 import ProviderTableRow from '@/features/providers/components/ProviderTableRow.vue'
 import ProviderMobileCard from '@/features/providers/components/ProviderMobileCard.vue'
@@ -275,6 +275,10 @@ import { adminApi } from '@/api/admin'
 import { parseApiError } from '@/utils/errorParser'
 import { useI18n } from '@/i18n'
 
+const ProviderDetailDrawer = defineAsyncComponent(
+  () => import('@/features/providers/components/ProviderDetailDrawer.vue'),
+)
+
 interface ProviderDeleteProgressState {
   providerId: string
   providerName: string

frontend/src/views/admin/UserStats.vue

@@ -367,10 +367,9 @@ watch([timeRange, metric], scheduleLeaderboardLoad, { deep: true })
 watch([timeRange, selectedUserId, compareUserId], scheduleUserPanelsLoad, { deep: true })
 
 onMounted(async () => {
-  await loadUsers()
   await Promise.all([
     loadLeaderboard(),
-    loadUserPanels()
+    loadUsers()
   ])
 })
 

frontend/src/views/admin/Users.vue

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
         @update:sort-option="sortOption = $event"
         @open-groups="showUserGroupsDialog = true"
         @create-user="openCreateDialog"
-        @refresh="refreshUsers"
+        @refresh="handleManualRefresh"
       />
 
       <UserSelectionToolbar
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { ref, computed, onMounted, watch } from 'vue'
+import { ref, computed, onMounted, onBeforeUnmount, watch } from 'vue'
 import { useUsersStore } from '@/stores/users'
 import { useAuthStore } from '@/stores/auth'
 import {
@@ -325,7 +325,9 @@ const currentPage = ref(1)
 const pageSize = ref(20)
 const USERS_PAGE_CACHE_TTL_MS = 10 * 1000
 const USER_WALLETS_CACHE_TTL_MS = 10 * 1000
+const USERS_SEARCH_DEBOUNCE_MS = 300
 let userWalletsRequestId = 0
+let usersSearchDebounceTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null
 
 const filteredUsers = computed(() => usersStore.users)
 
@@ -404,41 +406,72 @@ const userRows = computed<UserManagementRow[]>(() =>
   })
 )
 
-// Watch filter changes and reset to first page
-watch([searchQuery, filterRole, filterStatus, filterGroup, sortOption], () => {
+function resetUserListForFilterChange() {
   currentPage.value = 1
   resetBatchSelection()
+}
+
+function clearUsersSearchDebounce() {
+  if (usersSearchDebounceTimer) {
+    clearTimeout(usersSearchDebounceTimer)
+    usersSearchDebounceTimer = null
+  }
+}
+
+watch(searchQuery, () => {
+  resetUserListForFilterChange()
+  clearUsersSearchDebounce()
+  usersSearchDebounceTimer = setTimeout(() => {
+    usersSearchDebounceTimer = null
+    void refreshUsers()
+  }, USERS_SEARCH_DEBOUNCE_MS)
+})
+
+watch([filterRole, filterStatus, filterGroup, sortOption], () => {
+  resetUserListForFilterChange()
+  clearUsersSearchDebounce()
   void refreshUsers()
 })
 
 watch(paginatedUsers, (users) => rememberBatchPageUsers(users), { immediate: true })
 
 onMounted(() => {
-  void refreshUsers({ preferCache: true })
+  void refreshUsers({ preferCache: true }).then(() =>
+    loadUserWallets({ cacheTtlMs: USER_WALLETS_CACHE_TTL_MS })
+  )
+  void loadUserGroups()
+})
+
+onBeforeUnmount(() => {
+  clearUsersSearchDebounce()
+  userWalletsRequestId += 1
 })
 
 async function refreshUsers(options: { preferCache?: boolean } = {}) {
   const cacheTtlMs = options.preferCache ? USERS_PAGE_CACHE_TTL_MS : 0
   const search = searchQuery.value.trim()
-  await Promise.all([
-    usersStore.fetchUsers({
-      cacheTtlMs,
-      search: search || undefined,
-      role: filterRole.value === 'all' ? undefined : filterRole.value,
-      is_active: filterStatus.value === 'all' ? undefined : filterStatus.value === 'active',
-      group_id: filterGroup.value === 'all' ? undefined : filterGroup.value,
-      sort_by: sortBy.value ?? undefined,
-      sort_order: sortBy.value ? sortOrder.value : undefined,
-      skip: (currentPage.value - 1) * pageSize.value,
-      limit: pageSize.value,
-    }),
-    loadUserGroups(),
-  ])
-  void loadUserWallets({
-    cacheTtlMs: options.preferCache ? USER_WALLETS_CACHE_TTL_MS : 0,
+  await usersStore.fetchUsers({
+    cacheTtlMs,
+    search: search || undefined,
+    role: filterRole.value === 'all' ? undefined : filterRole.value,
+    is_active: filterStatus.value === 'all' ? undefined : filterStatus.value === 'active',
+    group_id: filterGroup.value === 'all' ? undefined : filterGroup.value,
+    sort_by: sortBy.value ?? undefined,
+    sort_order: sortBy.value ? sortOrder.value : undefined,
+    skip: (currentPage.value - 1) * pageSize.value,
+    limit: pageSize.value,
   })
 }
 
+async function handleManualRefresh() {
+  clearUsersSearchDebounce()
+  await Promise.all([
+    refreshUsers(),
+    loadUserGroups(),
+    loadUserWallets(),
+  ])
+}
+
 function handleTableSort(payload: { key: string, direction: AdminUserSortOrder }): void {
   if (payload.key !== 'created_at') return
   sortOption.value = payload.direction === 'asc' ? 'created_at_asc' : 'created_at_desc'
@@ -469,7 +502,7 @@ async function loadUserGroups(): Promise<void> {
 }
 
 async function handleUserGroupsChanged(): Promise<void> {
-  await refreshUsers()
+  await Promise.all([refreshUsers(), loadUserGroups()])
 }
 
 function openUserBatchDialog(): void {
@@ -478,7 +511,7 @@ function openUserBatchDialog(): void {
 }
 
 async function handleUserBatchCompleted(_result: UserBatchActionResponse): Promise<void> {
-  await refreshUsers()
+  await Promise.all([refreshUsers(), loadUserWallets()])
   resetBatchSelection(true)
 }
 
@@ -740,7 +773,7 @@ async function handleUserFormSubmit(data: UserFormData & { password?: string; un
       success(legacyT('用户创建成功'))
     }
     closeUserFormDialog()
-    await refreshUsers()
+    await Promise.all([refreshUsers(), loadUserWallets()])
   } catch (err: unknown) {
     const title = data.id ? '更新用户失败' : '创建用户失败'
     error(localizedApiError(err, '未知错误'), legacyT(title))

frontend/src/views/admin/WalletsManagement.vue

@@ -1427,6 +1427,7 @@ const { legacyT } = useI18n()
 const route = useRoute()
 
 const activeTab = ref<WalletManagementTab>('ledger')
+const activeTabLoadPromises = new Map<WalletManagementTab, Promise<void>>()
 
 const loadingLedger = ref(false)
 const loadingRefunds = ref(false)
@@ -1596,23 +1597,46 @@ watch(
 )
 
 onMounted(async () => {
-  await Promise.all([
-    loadWalletMetaMap(),
-    loadLedger(),
-    loadRefunds(),
-    loadOrders(),
-    loadCallbacks(),
-    loadRedeemCodeBatches(),
-  ])
+  await loadActiveTab()
+})
+
+watch(activeTab, () => {
+  void loadActiveTab()
 })
 
 function isValidTab(tab: unknown): tab is WalletManagementTab {
   return tab === 'ledger' || tab === 'refunds' || tab === 'orders' || tab === 'callbacks' || tab === 'redeem_codes'
 }
 
+function loadActiveTab(): Promise<void> {
+  const tab = activeTab.value
+  const existing = activeTabLoadPromises.get(tab)
+  if (existing) return existing
+
+  const request = (async () => {
+    switch (tab) {
+      case 'refunds':
+        return loadRefunds()
+      case 'orders':
+        await Promise.all([loadOrders(), loadWalletMetaMap()])
+        return
+      case 'callbacks':
+        return loadCallbacks()
+      case 'redeem_codes':
+        return loadRedeemCodeBatches()
+      default:
+        return loadLedger()
+    }
+  })().finally(() => {
+    if (activeTabLoadPromises.get(tab) === request) activeTabLoadPromises.delete(tab)
+  })
+  activeTabLoadPromises.set(tab, request)
+  return request
+}
+
 async function loadWalletMetaMap() {
   try {
-    const wallets = await adminWalletApi.listAllWallets()
+    const wallets = await adminWalletApi.listAllWallets(undefined, { cacheTtlMs: 30_000 })
     walletMetaMap.value = wallets.reduce<Record<string, { ownerName: string; ownerType: 'user' | 'api_key' }>>(
       (acc, wallet) => {
         const ownerName =

frontend/src/views/admin/__tests__/AdminOperationsDashboard.manual-refresh.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+const source = readFileSync(
+  resolve(process.cwd(), 'src/views/admin/AdminOperationsDashboard.vue'),
+  'utf8',
+)
+
+describe('AdminOperationsDashboard manual refresh', () => {
+  it('only starts a refresh from the explicit refresh button', () => {
+    expect(source).toContain('@click="refreshAll()"')
+    expect(source).not.toContain('onMounted(')
+    expect(source).not.toContain('setInterval(')
+    expect(source).not.toContain('visibilitychange')
+
+    const rangeWatcher = source
+      .split('watch(timeRange, () => {')[1]
+      ?.split('}, { deep: true })')[0]
+    expect(rangeWatcher).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(rangeWatcher).not.toContain('refreshAll(')
+  })
+
+  it('does not request the heavyweight system-status fallback', () => {
+    expect(source).not.toContain('monitoringApi.getSystemStatus()')
+  })
+
+  it('forces fresh analytics and renders each result as soon as it settles', () => {
+    expect(source).toContain('adminApi.getTimeSeries(params, { skipCache: true })')
+    expect(source).toContain('adminApi.getPercentiles(params, { skipCache: true })')
+    expect(source).toContain('}, { skipCache: true })')
+    expect(source).toContain('adminApi.getErrorDistribution(params, { skipCache: true })')
+    expect(source).toContain('include_timeline: false')
+
+    const progressiveSetup = source.split('const results = await Promise.allSettled([')[0]
+    expect(progressiveSetup).toContain('timeSeries.value = value')
+    expect(progressiveSetup).toContain('percentiles.value = value')
+    expect(progressiveSetup).toContain('providerPerformance.value = value')
+    expect(progressiveSetup).toContain('errorDistribution.value = value.distribution')
+    expect(progressiveSetup).toContain('gatewayMetrics.value = value')
+  })
+
+  it('reuses analytics responses instead of requesting a duplicate usage summary', () => {
+    expect(source).not.toContain('usageApi.getUsageStats(')
+    expect(source).not.toContain('summaryStats')
+    expect(source).toContain('function seriesTokenTotal(')
+    expect(source).toContain('numeric(item.input_tokens)')
+    expect(source).toContain('numeric(item.output_tokens)')
+    expect(source).toContain('numeric(item.cache_creation_tokens)')
+    expect(source).toContain('numeric(item.cache_read_tokens)')
+    expect(source).toContain('timeSeries.value.map(seriesTokenTotal)')
+    expect(source).toContain('label="已分类错误"')
+    expect(source).toContain('errorDistribution.value.reduce(')
+  })
+})

frontend/src/views/admin/__tests__/CacheMonitoring.lazy-analysis.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+const source = readFileSync(
+  resolve(process.cwd(), 'src/views/admin/CacheMonitoring.vue'),
+  'utf8',
+)
+
+describe('CacheMonitoring analysis loading', () => {
+  it('observes the TTL section against the app scroll container', () => {
+    expect(source).toContain('ref="analysisSectionRef"')
+    expect(source).toContain("target.closest('.app-shell__content')")
+    expect(source).toContain("rootMargin: '600px 0px'")
+  })
+
+  it('keeps TTL and hit analysis out of the initial request group', () => {
+    const mountedBlock = source
+      .split('onMounted(() => {')[1]
+      ?.split('onBeforeUnmount')[0]
+
+    expect(mountedBlock).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(mountedBlock).toContain('const initialLoad = refreshData()')
+    expect(mountedBlock).not.toContain('refreshAnalysis()')
+    expect(source).toContain('const waitForInitialData = initialDataPromise ?? Promise.resolve()')
+  })
+
+  it('cleans up the observer when the page unmounts', () => {
+    const unmountedBlock = source.split('onBeforeUnmount(() => {')[1]
+
+    expect(unmountedBlock).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(unmountedBlock).toContain('stopAnalysisObserver?.()')
+  })
+})

frontend/src/views/admin/__tests__/PerformanceAnalysis.progressive-live.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+const source = readFileSync(
+  resolve(process.cwd(), 'src/views/admin/PerformanceAnalysis.vue'),
+  'utf8',
+)
+
+describe('PerformanceAnalysis progressive live data', () => {
+  it('commits each live response before the full request group settles', () => {
+    const liveDataBlock = source
+      .split('async function loadLiveData')[1]
+      ?.split('const errorTrendChartData')[0]
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain('function commitIfCurrent<T>')
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain('if (requestId !== liveRequestId) return')
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain('systemStatus.value = value')
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain('resilienceStatus.value = value')
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain('circuitHistory.value = value.items')
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain('gatewayMetrics.value = value')
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain('liveReady.value = true')
+
+    expect(liveDataBlock).not.toContain('systemStatus.value = systemResult.value')
+    expect(liveDataBlock).not.toContain('resilienceStatus.value = resilienceResult.value')
+    expect(liveDataBlock).not.toContain('gatewayMetrics.value = metricsResult.value')
+  })
+
+  it('keeps group completion for loading state and error aggregation', () => {
+    const liveDataBlock = source
+      .split('async function loadLiveData')[1]
+      ?.split('const errorTrendChartData')[0]
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain('await Promise.allSettled([')
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain("failedScopes.push('系统状态')")
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain("failedScopes.push('韧性状态')")
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain("failedScopes.push('熔断历史')")
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain("failedScopes.push('网关指标')")
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain('liveLoading.value = false')
+    expect(liveDataBlock).toContain('liveRefreshing.value = false')
+  })
+})

frontend/src/views/admin/__tests__/ProviderManagement.lazy-detail-drawer.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+const source = readFileSync(
+  resolve(process.cwd(), 'src/views/admin/ProviderManagement.vue'),
+  'utf8',
+)
+
+describe('ProviderManagement detail drawer loading', () => {
+  it('keeps the heavy detail drawer out of the initial route chunk', () => {
+    expect(source).not.toContain(
+      "import ProviderDetailDrawer from '@/features/providers/components/ProviderDetailDrawer.vue'",
+    )
+    expect(source).toContain(
+      "() => import('@/features/providers/components/ProviderDetailDrawer.vue')",
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('does not resolve the async drawer until it is opened', () => {
+    const drawerTemplate = source
+      .split('<ProviderDetailDrawer')[1]
+      ?.split('/>')[0]
+
+    expect(drawerTemplate).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(drawerTemplate).toContain('v-if="providerDrawerOpen"')
+  })
+})

frontend/src/views/admin/__tests__/Users.request-loading.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+const source = readFileSync(
+  resolve(process.cwd(), 'src/views/admin/Users.vue'),
+  'utf8',
+)
+
+describe('Users request loading', () => {
+  it('debounces search without delaying discrete filters', () => {
+    const searchWatcher = source
+      .split('watch(searchQuery, () => {')[1]
+      ?.split('watch([filterRole, filterStatus, filterGroup, sortOption]')[0]
+    expect(searchWatcher).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(searchWatcher).toContain('setTimeout(')
+    expect(searchWatcher).toContain('USERS_SEARCH_DEBOUNCE_MS')
+
+    const discreteFilterWatcher = source
+      .split('watch([filterRole, filterStatus, filterGroup, sortOption], () => {')[1]
+      ?.split('watch(paginatedUsers')[0]
+    expect(discreteFilterWatcher).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(discreteFilterWatcher).not.toContain('setTimeout(')
+    expect(discreteFilterWatcher).toContain('refreshUsers()')
+  })
+
+  it('does not reload invariant metadata for every list refresh', () => {
+    const listRefresh = source
+      .split('async function refreshUsers(')[1]
+      ?.split('async function handleManualRefresh()')[0]
+    expect(listRefresh).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(listRefresh).not.toContain('loadUserGroups()')
+    expect(listRefresh).not.toContain('loadUserWallets(')
+
+    const manualRefresh = source
+      .split('async function handleManualRefresh()')[1]
+      ?.split('function handleTableSort')[0]
+    expect(manualRefresh).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(manualRefresh).toContain('refreshUsers()')
+    expect(manualRefresh).toContain('loadUserGroups()')
+    expect(manualRefresh).toContain('loadUserWallets()')
+    expect(source).toContain('@refresh="handleManualRefresh"')
+  })
+
+  it('refreshes wallet state after user access-control mutations', () => {
+    const batchCompleted = source
+      .split('async function handleUserBatchCompleted')[1]
+      ?.split('function invalidateUserOptions')[0]
+    expect(batchCompleted).toContain('Promise.all([refreshUsers(), loadUserWallets()])')
+
+    const formSubmit = source
+      .split('async function handleUserFormSubmit')[1]
+      ?.split('async function manageApiKeys')[0]
+    expect(formSubmit).toContain('Promise.all([refreshUsers(), loadUserWallets()])')
+  })
+})

frontend/src/views/admin/__tests__/WalletsManagement.lazy-wallet-meta.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+const source = readFileSync(
+  resolve(process.cwd(), 'src/views/admin/WalletsManagement.vue'),
+  'utf8',
+)
+
+describe('WalletsManagement wallet metadata loading', () => {
+  it('only loads the full wallet metadata map for the orders tab', () => {
+    const mountedBlock = source
+      .split('onMounted(async () => {')[1]
+      ?.split('})')[0]
+    expect(mountedBlock).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(mountedBlock).not.toContain('loadWalletMetaMap()')
+
+    const ordersBranch = source
+      .split("case 'orders':")[1]
+      ?.split("case 'callbacks':")[0]
+    expect(ordersBranch).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(ordersBranch).toContain('Promise.all([loadOrders(), loadWalletMetaMap()])')
+  })
+})

frontend/src/views/admin/modules/BarkSettings.vue

@@ -180,20 +180,22 @@ onMounted(() => {
 
 async function loadConfig() {
   try {
-    const [moduleStatus, deviceKey, serverUrl, template] = await Promise.all([
+    const [moduleStatus, configs] = await Promise.all([
       modulesApi.getStatus('bark_push'),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig(CONFIG_KEYS.device_key),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig(CONFIG_KEYS.server_url),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig(CONFIG_KEYS.template),
+      adminApi.getAllSystemConfigs({ cacheTtlMs: 30_000 }),
     ])
+    const configsByKey = new Map(configs.map(config => [config.key, config]))
+    const deviceKey = configsByKey.get(CONFIG_KEYS.device_key)
+    const serverUrl = configsByKey.get(CONFIG_KEYS.server_url)
+    const template = configsByKey.get(CONFIG_KEYS.template)
 
     enabled.value = moduleStatus.enabled === true
-    deviceKeyIsSet.value = deviceKey.is_set === true
+    deviceKeyIsSet.value = deviceKey?.is_set === true
     deviceKeyInput.value = ''
-    serverUrlInput.value = typeof serverUrl.value === 'string' && serverUrl.value.trim()
+    serverUrlInput.value = typeof serverUrl?.value === 'string' && serverUrl.value.trim()
       ? serverUrl.value
       : DEFAULT_SERVER_URL
-    templateInput.value = typeof template.value === 'string' ? template.value : ''
+    templateInput.value = typeof template?.value === 'string' ? template.value : ''
   } catch (err) {
     error(parseApiError(err, '加载 Bark 推送配置失败'))
     log.error('加载 Bark 推送配置失败:', err)

frontend/src/views/admin/modules/ImportantNotification.vue

@@ -532,42 +532,33 @@ onMounted(() => {
 
 async function loadConfig() {
   try {
-    const [
-      moduleStatus,
-      emailEnabled,
-      recipients,
-      defaultChannel,
-      items,
-      serverChanModuleStatus,
-      serverChanKey,
-      barkModuleStatus,
-      barkDeviceKey,
-      smtpHost,
-      smtpFromEmail,
-    ] = await Promise.all([
-      modulesApi.getStatus('important_notification'),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig(CONFIG_KEYS.email_enabled),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig(CONFIG_KEYS.email_recipients),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig(CONFIG_KEYS.default_channel),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig(CONFIG_KEYS.items),
-      modulesApi.getStatus('server_chan_push'),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig(CONFIG_KEYS.server_chan_send_key),
-      modulesApi.getStatus('bark_push'),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig(CONFIG_KEYS.bark_device_key),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig('smtp_host'),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig('smtp_from_email'),
+    const [moduleStatuses, configs] = await Promise.all([
+      modulesApi.getAllStatus(),
+      adminApi.getAllSystemConfigs({ cacheTtlMs: 30_000 }),
     ])
+    const moduleStatus = moduleStatuses.important_notification
+    const serverChanModuleStatus = moduleStatuses.server_chan_push
+    const barkModuleStatus = moduleStatuses.bark_push
+    const configsByKey = new Map(configs.map(config => [config.key, config]))
+    const emailEnabled = configsByKey.get(CONFIG_KEYS.email_enabled)
+    const recipients = configsByKey.get(CONFIG_KEYS.email_recipients)
+    const defaultChannel = configsByKey.get(CONFIG_KEYS.default_channel)
+    const items = configsByKey.get(CONFIG_KEYS.items)
+    const serverChanKey = configsByKey.get(CONFIG_KEYS.server_chan_send_key)
+    const barkDeviceKey = configsByKey.get(CONFIG_KEYS.bark_device_key)
+    const smtpHost = configsByKey.get('smtp_host')
+    const smtpFromEmail = configsByKey.get('smtp_from_email')
 
     config.value.enabled = moduleStatus.enabled === true
-    config.value.email_enabled = emailEnabled.value === true
-    config.value.email_recipients = normalizeRecipients(recipients.value)
-    config.value.default_channel = normalizeDefaultChannel(defaultChannel.value)
-    config.value.items = normalizeItems(items.value)
+    config.value.email_enabled = emailEnabled?.value === true
+    config.value.email_recipients = normalizeRecipients(recipients?.value)
+    config.value.default_channel = normalizeDefaultChannel(defaultChannel?.value)
+    config.value.items = normalizeItems(items?.value)
     serverChanStatus.value = serverChanModuleStatus
-    serverChanKeyIsSet.value = serverChanKey.is_set === true
+    serverChanKeyIsSet.value = serverChanKey?.is_set === true
     barkStatus.value = barkModuleStatus
-    barkKeyIsSet.value = barkDeviceKey.is_set === true
-    smtpConfigured.value = isNonEmptyString(smtpHost.value) && isNonEmptyString(smtpFromEmail.value)
+    barkKeyIsSet.value = barkDeviceKey?.is_set === true
+    smtpConfigured.value = isNonEmptyString(smtpHost?.value) && isNonEmptyString(smtpFromEmail?.value)
     if (!config.value.items.some(item => item.key === testItemKey.value)) {
       testItemKey.value = config.value.items[0]?.key || ''
     }

frontend/src/views/admin/modules/S3BackupSettings.vue

@@ -275,6 +275,21 @@
                 @update:model-value="backup.config.value.region = String($event)"
               />
             </div>
+            <div>
+              <Label
+                for="backup-user-agent"
+                class="block text-sm font-medium"
+              >
+                User-Agent
+              </Label>
+              <Input
+                id="backup-user-agent"
+                :model-value="backup.config.value.userAgent"
+                class="mt-1"
+                placeholder="rclone/v1.68.0"
+                @update:model-value="backup.config.value.userAgent = String($event)"
+              />
+            </div>
             <div>
               <Label
                 for="backup-prefix"

frontend/src/views/admin/modules/ServerChanSettings.vue

@@ -154,16 +154,18 @@ onMounted(() => {
 
 async function loadConfig() {
   try {
-    const [moduleStatus, sendKey, template] = await Promise.all([
+    const [moduleStatus, configs] = await Promise.all([
       modulesApi.getStatus('server_chan_push'),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig(CONFIG_KEYS.send_key),
-      adminApi.getSystemConfig(CONFIG_KEYS.template),
+      adminApi.getAllSystemConfigs({ cacheTtlMs: 30_000 }),
     ])
+    const configsByKey = new Map(configs.map(config => [config.key, config]))
+    const sendKey = configsByKey.get(CONFIG_KEYS.send_key)
+    const template = configsByKey.get(CONFIG_KEYS.template)
 
     enabled.value = moduleStatus.enabled === true
-    sendKeyIsSet.value = sendKey.is_set === true
+    sendKeyIsSet.value = sendKey?.is_set === true
     sendKeyInput.value = ''
-    templateInput.value = typeof template.value === 'string' ? template.value : ''
+    templateInput.value = typeof template?.value === 'string' ? template.value : ''
   } catch (err) {
     error(parseApiError(err, '加载 Server 酱推送配置失败'))
     log.error('加载 Server 酱推送配置失败:', err)

frontend/src/views/admin/modules/__tests__/useS3BackupConfig.spec.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
 
-const { getSystemConfigMock, updateSystemConfigMock, runS3BackupMock, errorMock, successMock } =
+const { getAllSystemConfigsMock, updateSystemConfigMock, runS3BackupMock, errorMock, successMock } =
   vi.hoisted(() => ({
-    getSystemConfigMock: vi.fn(),
+    getAllSystemConfigsMock: vi.fn(),
     updateSystemConfigMock: vi.fn(),
     runS3BackupMock: vi.fn(),
     errorMock: vi.fn(),
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ const { getSystemConfigMock, updateSystemConfigMock, runS3BackupMock, errorMock,
 
 vi.mock('@/api/admin', () => ({
   adminApi: {
-    getSystemConfig: getSystemConfigMock,
+    getAllSystemConfigs: getAllSystemConfigsMock,
     updateSystemConfig: updateSystemConfigMock,
     runS3Backup: runS3BackupMock,
   },
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import { useS3BackupConfig } from '../composables/useS3BackupConfig'
 
 describe('useS3BackupConfig', () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
-    getSystemConfigMock.mockReset()
+    getAllSystemConfigsMock.mockReset()
     updateSystemConfigMock.mockReset()
     runS3BackupMock.mockReset()
     errorMock.mockReset()
@@ -36,15 +36,10 @@ describe('useS3BackupConfig', () => {
   })
 
   it('loads write-only secret as configured without exposing the value', async () => {
-    getSystemConfigMock.mockImplementation(async (key: string) => {
-      if (key === 'backup_s3_secret_access_key') {
-        return { key, value: null, is_set: true }
-      }
-      if (key === 'backup_s3_scope') {
-        return { key, value: 'data' }
-      }
-      return { key, value: null }
-    })
+    getAllSystemConfigsMock.mockResolvedValue([
+      { key: 'backup_s3_secret_access_key', value: null, is_set: true },
+      { key: 'backup_s3_scope', value: 'data' },
+    ])
 
     const backup = useS3BackupConfig()
     await backup.loadS3BackupConfig()
@@ -55,12 +50,9 @@ describe('useS3BackupConfig', () => {
   })
 
   it('keeps an existing secret when saving with an empty secret field', async () => {
-    getSystemConfigMock.mockImplementation(async (key: string) => {
-      if (key === 'backup_s3_secret_access_key') {
-        return { key, value: null, is_set: true }
-      }
-      return { key, value: null }
-    })
+    getAllSystemConfigsMock.mockResolvedValue([
+      { key: 'backup_s3_secret_access_key', value: null, is_set: true },
+    ])
     updateSystemConfigMock.mockResolvedValue({})
 
     const backup = useS3BackupConfig()
@@ -76,15 +68,10 @@ describe('useS3BackupConfig', () => {
 
   it('reloads server state when saving fails before writing a new secret', async () => {
     let loadRound = 0
-    getSystemConfigMock.mockImplementation(async (key: string) => {
-      if (key === 'backup_s3_secret_access_key') {
-        return { key, value: null, is_set: false }
-      }
-      if (key === 'backup_s3_bucket') {
-        return { key, value: loadRound === 0 ? 'old-bucket' : 'server-bucket' }
-      }
-      return { key, value: null }
-    })
+    getAllSystemConfigsMock.mockImplementation(async () => [
+      { key: 'backup_s3_secret_access_key', value: null, is_set: false },
+      { key: 'backup_s3_bucket', value: loadRound === 0 ? 'old-bucket' : 'server-bucket' },
+    ])
     updateSystemConfigMock.mockImplementation(async (key: string) => {
       if (key === 'backup_s3_bucket') {
         loadRound += 1

frontend/src/views/admin/modules/composables/useS3BackupConfig.ts

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ export interface S3BackupConfig {
   scope: S3BackupScope
   endpoint: string
   region: string
+  userAgent: string
   bucket: string
   prefix: string
   accessKeyId: string
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ const CONFIG_KEY_BY_FIELD: Record<ConfigField, string> = {
   scope: 'backup_s3_scope',
   endpoint: 'backup_s3_endpoint',
   region: 'backup_s3_region',
+  userAgent: 'backup_s3_user_agent',
   bucket: 'backup_s3_bucket',
   prefix: 'backup_s3_prefix',
   accessKeyId: 'backup_s3_access_key_id',
@@ -63,6 +65,7 @@ function defaultS3BackupConfig(): S3BackupConfig {
     scope: 'data',
     endpoint: '',
     region: 'auto',
+    userAgent: 'rclone/v1.68.0',
     bucket: '',
     prefix: 'aether/backups/',
     accessKeyId: '',
@@ -143,38 +146,37 @@ export function useS3BackupConfig() {
     loading.value = true
     try {
       const next = defaultS3BackupConfig()
-      await Promise.all(CONFIG_KEYS.map(async (key) => {
-        try {
-          const response = await adminApi.getSystemConfig(key)
-          const field = FIELD_BY_CONFIG_KEY[key]
-          if (field === 'secretAccessKey') {
-            next.secretAccessKey = ''
-            next.secretAccessKeyIsSet = !!response.is_set
-            return
-          }
-          if (response.value === null || response.value === undefined) return
-          if (field === 'enabled' || field === 'pathStyle') {
-            next[field] = booleanValue(response.value, next[field])
-          } else if (
-            field === 'scheduleInterval' ||
-            field === 'scheduleMinute' ||
-            field === 'scheduleHour' ||
-            field === 'scheduleWeekday' ||
-            field === 'scheduleMonthDay' ||
-            field === 'retentionCount'
-          ) {
-            next[field] = numberValue(response.value, next[field])
-          } else if (field === 'scope') {
-            next.scope = scopeValue(response.value, next.scope)
-          } else if (field === 'scheduleUnit') {
-            next.scheduleUnit = scheduleUnitValue(response.value, next.scheduleUnit)
-          } else {
-            next[field] = stringValue(response.value, next[field] as string)
-          }
-        } catch {
-          // 单个配置缺失时使用默认值
+      const configs = await adminApi.getAllSystemConfigs({ cacheTtlMs: 30_000 })
+      const configsByKey = new Map(configs.map((item) => [item.key, item]))
+      for (const key of CONFIG_KEYS) {
+        const response = configsByKey.get(key)
+        if (!response) continue
+        const field = FIELD_BY_CONFIG_KEY[key]
+        if (field === 'secretAccessKey') {
+          next.secretAccessKey = ''
+          next.secretAccessKeyIsSet = !!response.is_set
+          continue
         }
-      }))
+        if (response.value === null || response.value === undefined) continue
+        if (field === 'enabled' || field === 'pathStyle') {
+          next[field] = booleanValue(response.value, next[field])
+        } else if (
+          field === 'scheduleInterval' ||
+          field === 'scheduleMinute' ||
+          field === 'scheduleHour' ||
+          field === 'scheduleWeekday' ||
+          field === 'scheduleMonthDay' ||
+          field === 'retentionCount'
+        ) {
+          next[field] = numberValue(response.value, next[field])
+        } else if (field === 'scope') {
+          next.scope = scopeValue(response.value, next.scope)
+        } else if (field === 'scheduleUnit') {
+          next.scheduleUnit = scheduleUnitValue(response.value, next.scheduleUnit)
+        } else {
+          next[field] = stringValue(response.value, next[field] as string)
+        }
+      }
       config.value = next
       originalConfig.value = cloneConfig(next)
     } catch (err) {
@@ -193,6 +195,7 @@ export function useS3BackupConfig() {
         { key: 'backup_s3_scope', value: config.value.scope, description: 'S3 备份范围' },
         { key: 'backup_s3_endpoint', value: config.value.endpoint.trim() || null, description: 'S3 Endpoint' },
         { key: 'backup_s3_region', value: config.value.region.trim() || 'auto', description: 'S3 Region' },
+        { key: 'backup_s3_user_agent', value: config.value.userAgent.trim() || 'rclone/v1.68.0', description: 'S3 User-Agent' },
         { key: 'backup_s3_bucket', value: config.value.bucket.trim() || null, description: 'S3 Bucket' },
         { key: 'backup_s3_prefix', value: config.value.prefix.trim() || 'aether/backups/', description: 'S3 备份前缀' },
         { key: 'backup_s3_access_key_id', value: config.value.accessKeyId.trim() || null, description: 'S3 Access Key ID' },

frontend/src/views/admin/system-settings/__tests__/useSystemConfig.spec.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
 
-const { getSystemConfigMock, updateSystemConfigMock } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
-  getSystemConfigMock: vi.fn(),
+const { getAllSystemConfigsMock, updateSystemConfigMock } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  getAllSystemConfigsMock: vi.fn(),
   updateSystemConfigMock: vi.fn(),
 }))
 
 vi.mock('@/api/admin', () => ({
   adminApi: {
-    getSystemConfig: getSystemConfigMock,
+    getAllSystemConfigs: getAllSystemConfigsMock,
     updateSystemConfig: updateSystemConfigMock,
     getSystemVersion: vi.fn(),
   },
@@ -34,40 +34,33 @@ vi.mock('@/utils/logger', () => ({
 
 import { useSystemConfig } from '../composables/useSystemConfig'
 
-interface DeferredConfigResponse {
-  resolve: (value: { key: string, value: unknown, is_set?: boolean }) => void
-}
-
 describe('useSystemConfig', () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
-    getSystemConfigMock.mockReset()
+    getAllSystemConfigsMock.mockReset()
     updateSystemConfigMock.mockReset()
   })
 
-  it('loads config keys in parallel and keeps change detection disabled until the baseline is ready', async () => {
-    const pending = new Map<string, DeferredConfigResponse>()
-    getSystemConfigMock.mockImplementation((key: string) => new Promise((resolve) => {
-      pending.set(key, { resolve })
+  it('loads config keys in one request and keeps change detection disabled until the baseline is ready', async () => {
+    let resolveConfigs: ((value: Array<{ key: string, value: unknown, is_set?: boolean }>) => void) | null = null
+    getAllSystemConfigsMock.mockImplementation(() => new Promise((resolve) => {
+      resolveConfigs = resolve
     }))
 
     const state = useSystemConfig()
     const loadPromise = state.loadSystemConfig()
 
-    expect(getSystemConfigMock.mock.calls.map(([key]) => key)).toContain('request_record_level')
-    expect(getSystemConfigMock.mock.calls.map(([key]) => key)).toContain('proxy_node_metrics_cleanup_batch_size')
-    expect(getSystemConfigMock.mock.calls.map(([key]) => key)).toContain('enable_standard_text_sync_heartbeat')
+    expect(getAllSystemConfigsMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    expect(getAllSystemConfigsMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ cacheTtlMs: 30_000 })
 
     state.systemConfig.value.request_record_level = 'headers'
     expect(state.systemConfigLoading.value).toBe(true)
     expect(state.hasLogConfigChanges.value).toBe(false)
 
-    for (const [key, deferred] of pending) {
-      deferred.resolve({
-        key,
-        value: key === 'request_record_level' ? 'basic' : undefined,
-        is_set: false,
-      })
-    }
+    resolveConfigs?.([
+      { key: 'request_record_level', value: 'basic' },
+      { key: 'proxy_node_metrics_cleanup_batch_size', value: 5000 },
+      { key: 'enable_standard_text_sync_heartbeat', value: false },
+    ])
     await loadPromise
 
     expect(state.systemConfigLoading.value).toBe(false)
@@ -79,11 +72,9 @@ describe('useSystemConfig', () => {
   })
 
   it('loads and saves the standard text sync heartbeat flag as a basic config item', async () => {
-    getSystemConfigMock.mockImplementation(async (key: string) => ({
-      key,
-      value: key === 'enable_standard_text_sync_heartbeat' ? false : undefined,
-      is_set: key === 'enable_standard_text_sync_heartbeat',
-    }))
+    getAllSystemConfigsMock.mockResolvedValue([
+      { key: 'enable_standard_text_sync_heartbeat', value: false },
+    ])
     updateSystemConfigMock.mockResolvedValue({})
 
     const state = useSystemConfig()
@@ -102,4 +93,15 @@ describe('useSystemConfig', () => {
     )
     expect(state.hasBasicConfigChanges.value).toBe(false)
   })
+
+  it('uses backend-compatible defaults when config rows have not been persisted yet', async () => {
+    getAllSystemConfigsMock.mockResolvedValue([])
+
+    const state = useSystemConfig()
+    await state.loadSystemConfig()
+
+    expect(state.systemConfig.value.request_record_level).toBe('full')
+    expect(state.systemConfig.value.max_request_body_size).toBe(5_242_880)
+    expect(state.systemConfig.value.max_response_body_size).toBe(5_242_880)
+  })
 })

frontend/src/views/admin/system-settings/composables/useSystemConfig.ts

@@ -152,9 +152,9 @@ function createDefaultConfig(): SystemConfig {
     // 标准文本非流式心跳
     enable_standard_text_sync_heartbeat: false,
     // 请求记录
-    request_record_level: 'basic',
-    max_request_body_size: 1048576,
-    max_response_body_size: 1048576,
+    request_record_level: 'full',
+    max_request_body_size: 5_242_880,
+    max_response_body_size: 5_242_880,
     sensitive_headers: ['authorization', 'x-api-key', 'api-key', 'cookie', 'set-cookie'],
     // 请求记录清理
     enable_auto_cleanup: true,
@@ -321,25 +321,13 @@ export function useSystemConfig() {
   async function loadSystemConfig() {
     systemConfigLoading.value = true
     try {
-      const results = await Promise.all(
-        CONFIG_KEYS.map(async (key) => {
-          try {
-            return {
-              key,
-              response: await adminApi.getSystemConfig(key),
-            }
-          } catch {
-            return null
-          }
-        })
-      )
+      const configs = await adminApi.getAllSystemConfigs({ cacheTtlMs: 30_000 })
+      const configsByKey = new Map(configs.map((config) => [config.key, config]))
 
       const nextConfig = createDefaultConfig()
-      for (const result of results) {
-        if (!result) {
-          continue
-        }
-        const { key, response } = result
+      for (const key of CONFIG_KEYS) {
+        const response = configsByKey.get(key)
+        if (!response) continue
         try {
           if (key === 'turnstile_secret_key') {
             nextConfig.turnstile_secret_key = ''

frontend/src/views/shared/Dashboard.vue

@@ -7,30 +7,12 @@
         ref="statsPanelRef"
         class="flex-1 min-w-0 flex flex-col"
       >
-        <div class="mb-4 flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
-          <Badge
-            :variant="authStore.isAdmin ? 'default' : 'secondary'"
-            class="uppercase tracking-[0.45em]"
-          >
-            {{ dashboardModeLabel }}
-          </Badge>
-          <Button
-            type="button"
-            :variant="autoRefreshEnabled ? 'default' : 'outline'"
-            class="h-8 gap-1.5 px-3 text-xs"
-            :aria-pressed="autoRefreshEnabled"
-            :title="autoRefreshButtonTitle"
-            @click="toggleDashboardAutoRefresh"
-          >
-            <RefreshCw
-              class="h-3.5 w-3.5"
-              :class="{
-                'animate-spin': autoRefreshEnabled && autoRefreshLoading,
-              }"
-            />
-            <span>{{ autoRefreshButtonLabel }}</span>
-          </Button>
-        </div>
+        <Badge
+          :variant="authStore.isAdmin ? 'default' : 'secondary'"
+          class="mb-4 self-start uppercase tracking-[0.45em]"
+        >
+          {{ dashboardModeLabel }}
+        </Badge>
 
         <!-- 主要统计卡片 -->
         <div class="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3 sm:gap-4 xl:grid-cols-4">
@@ -956,7 +938,6 @@ import {
   Clock,
   Database,
   Shuffle,
-  RefreshCw,
 } from "lucide-vue-next";
 import { formatTokens, formatCurrency } from "@/utils/format";
 import { parseDateLike } from "@/utils/date";
@@ -971,16 +952,10 @@ import type {
 
 const authStore = useAuthStore();
 
-const DASHBOARD_AUTO_REFRESH_INTERVAL_MS = 1_000;
-
 type DashboardStatCard = Omit<DashboardStat, "icon"> & {
   icon: Component;
 };
 
-type DashboardLoadOptions = {
-  silent?: boolean;
-};
-
 const statsPanelRef = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null);
 const announcementsHeight = ref<number | null>(null);
 const announcementsTimelineRef = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null);
@@ -1005,8 +980,6 @@ function checkScreenSize() {
 
 let statsPanelObserver: ResizeObserver | null = null;
 let announcementsTimelineObserver: ResizeObserver | null = null;
-let dashboardAutoRefreshTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null;
-let dashboardRefreshPromise: Promise<void> | null = null;
 
 function updateAnnouncementsHeight() {
   if (typeof window === "undefined") return;
@@ -1107,14 +1080,6 @@ const getStatIconColor = (_index: number): string => {
 
 // 统计数据
 const stats = ref<DashboardStatCard[]>([]);
-const autoRefreshEnabled = ref(false);
-const autoRefreshLoading = ref(false);
-const autoRefreshButtonLabel = computed(() =>
-  autoRefreshEnabled.value ? "自动刷新中" : "自动刷新",
-);
-const autoRefreshButtonTitle = computed(() =>
-  autoRefreshEnabled.value ? "点击关闭自动刷新" : "点击开启自动刷新",
-);
 const todayStats = ref<{
   requests: number;
   tokens: number;
@@ -1499,55 +1464,17 @@ const dailyUsageTrendChartOptions = computed<ChartOptions<"line">>(() => {
   };
 });
 
-async function refreshDashboardContent(options: DashboardLoadOptions = {}) {
-  if (dashboardRefreshPromise) {
-    return dashboardRefreshPromise;
-  }
-  autoRefreshLoading.value = true;
-  dashboardRefreshPromise = (async () => {
-    await Promise.all([loadDashboardData(options), loadDailyStats(options)]);
-    await nextTick();
-    updateAnnouncementsHeight();
-    updateTimelineLine();
-  })().finally(() => {
-    autoRefreshLoading.value = false;
-    dashboardRefreshPromise = null;
-  });
-  return dashboardRefreshPromise;
-}
-
-function startDashboardAutoRefresh() {
-  if (typeof window === "undefined") return;
-  stopDashboardAutoRefresh();
-  dashboardAutoRefreshTimer = window.setInterval(() => {
-    void refreshDashboardContent({ silent: true });
-  }, DASHBOARD_AUTO_REFRESH_INTERVAL_MS);
-}
-
-function stopDashboardAutoRefresh() {
-  if (dashboardAutoRefreshTimer !== null) {
-    clearInterval(dashboardAutoRefreshTimer);
-    dashboardAutoRefreshTimer = null;
-  }
-}
-
-function toggleDashboardAutoRefresh() {
-  autoRefreshEnabled.value = !autoRefreshEnabled.value;
-  if (autoRefreshEnabled.value) {
-    startDashboardAutoRefresh();
-    void refreshDashboardContent({ silent: true });
-  } else {
-    stopDashboardAutoRefresh();
-  }
-}
-
 onMounted(async () => {
   checkScreenSize();
   setupResizeObserver();
   if (typeof window !== "undefined") {
     window.addEventListener("resize", handleWindowResize);
   }
-  await Promise.all([refreshDashboardContent(), loadAnnouncements()]);
+  await Promise.all([
+    loadDashboardData(),
+    loadDailyStats(),
+    loadAnnouncements(),
+  ]);
   await nextTick();
   setupTimelineResizeObserver();
   updateAnnouncementsHeight();
@@ -1555,7 +1482,6 @@ onMounted(async () => {
 });
 
 onBeforeUnmount(() => {
-  stopDashboardAutoRefresh();
   if (typeof window !== "undefined") {
     window.removeEventListener("resize", handleWindowResize);
   }
@@ -1575,10 +1501,8 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
   dailyStatsRequestId += 1;
 });
 
-async function loadDashboardData(options: DashboardLoadOptions = {}) {
-  if (!options.silent) {
-    loading.value = true;
-  }
+async function loadDashboardData() {
+  loading.value = true;
   try {
     const statsData = await dashboardApi.getStats({
       timezone: dailyTimeRange.value.timezone,
@@ -1604,21 +1528,17 @@ async function loadDashboardData(options: DashboardLoadOptions = {}) {
         userMonthlyCost.value = statsData.monthly_cost;
     }
   } finally {
-    if (!options.silent) {
-      loading.value = false;
-    }
+    loading.value = false;
   }
 }
 
-async function loadDailyStats(options: DashboardLoadOptions = {}) {
+async function loadDailyStats() {
   if (dailyStatsLoadPromise) {
     hasPendingDailyStatsLoad = true;
     return dailyStatsLoadPromise;
   }
   const requestId = ++dailyStatsRequestId;
-  if (!options.silent) {
-    loadingDaily.value = true;
-  }
+  loadingDaily.value = true;
   dailyStatsLoadPromise = (async () => {
     try {
       const response = await dashboardApi.getDailyStats(dailyTimeRange.value);
@@ -1630,7 +1550,7 @@ async function loadDailyStats(options: DashboardLoadOptions = {}) {
       dailyStats.value = [];
       providerSummary.value = [];
     } finally {
-      if (requestId === dailyStatsRequestId && !options.silent) {
+      if (requestId === dailyStatsRequestId) {
         loadingDaily.value = false;
       }
     }

frontend/src/views/shared/Usage.vue

@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ import {
   getDateRangeFromPeriod
 } from '@/features/usage/composables'
 import { reconcileActiveRequestDiscovery } from '@/features/usage/utils/activeRequestDiscovery'
+import { mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs } from '@/features/usage/utils/recordSync'
 import {
   hasUsageFallback,
   isUsageRecordFailed,
@@ -521,7 +522,10 @@ async function pollActiveRequests() {
         record.actual_cost = update.actual_cost ?? undefined
         record.rate_multiplier = update.rate_multiplier ?? undefined
         record.response_time_ms = update.response_time_ms ?? undefined
-        record.first_byte_time_ms = update.first_byte_time_ms ?? undefined
+        record.first_byte_time_ms = mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs(
+          record.first_byte_time_ms,
+          update.first_byte_time_ms
+        )
         if ('updated_at' in update) {
           record.updated_at = typeof update.updated_at === 'string' ? update.updated_at : null
         }
@@ -822,6 +826,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
     const heatmapPromise = loadHeatmapData().catch(err => {
       log.error('加载热力图数据失败:', err)
     })
+    const adminUsersPromise = loadAdminUsers()
 
     await loadRecords(
       { page: currentPage.value, pageSize: pageSize.value },
@@ -830,8 +835,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
     )
     void (async () => {
       await refreshAdminAnalytics({ force: true, preserveOnFailure: false })
-      await heatmapPromise
-      await loadAdminUsers()
+      await Promise.all([heatmapPromise, adminUsersPromise])
     })()
   } else {
     // 用户页面：loadStats 已包含记录加载，不需要单独调用 loadRecords
@@ -1109,7 +1113,10 @@ function handleDetailRequestState(update: {
     record.response_time_ms = update.responseTimeMs
   }
   if ('firstByteTimeMs' in update) {
-    record.first_byte_time_ms = update.firstByteTimeMs ?? undefined
+    record.first_byte_time_ms = mergeUsageRecordFirstByteTimeMs(
+      record.first_byte_time_ms,
+      update.firstByteTimeMs
+    )
   }
   if ('isStream' in update && typeof update.isStream === 'boolean') {
     record.is_stream = update.isStream

frontend/src/views/shared/__tests__/Dashboard.spec.ts

@@ -101,7 +101,6 @@ vi.mock('lucide-vue-next', async () => {
     Clock: Icon,
     Database: Icon,
     Shuffle: Icon,
-    RefreshCw: Icon,
   }
 })
 
@@ -168,3 +167,27 @@ describe('Dashboard ordinary user wallet card', () => {
     expect(root.textContent).toContain('套餐额度 $100.00 · 钱包余额 $10.00')
   })
 })
+
+describe('Dashboard refresh controls', () => {
+  it('does not render or run automatic refresh', async () => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers()
+    dashboardApiMocks.getStats.mockResolvedValue({ stats: [] })
+
+    try {
+      const root = mountDashboard()
+      await settle()
+
+      expect(root.textContent).not.toContain('自动刷新')
+      expect(dashboardApiMocks.getStats).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+      expect(dashboardApiMocks.getDailyStats).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+
+      await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(60_000)
+      await settle()
+
+      expect(dashboardApiMocks.getStats).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+      expect(dashboardApiMocks.getDailyStats).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    } finally {
+      vi.useRealTimers()
+    }
+  })
+})

frontend/src/views/shared/__tests__/Usage.initial-admin-load.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+const source = readFileSync(
+  resolve(process.cwd(), 'src/views/shared/Usage.vue'),
+  'utf8',
+)
+
+describe('admin usage initial loading', () => {
+  it('starts the user filter request before analytics completes', () => {
+    const mountedBlock = source
+      .split('onMounted(async () => {')[1]
+      ?.split('// 处理时间范围变化')[0]
+
+    expect(mountedBlock).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(mountedBlock).toContain('const adminUsersPromise = loadAdminUsers()')
+    expect(mountedBlock).toContain('Promise.all([heatmapPromise, adminUsersPromise])')
+    expect(mountedBlock?.indexOf('const adminUsersPromise = loadAdminUsers()'))
+      .toBeLessThan(mountedBlock?.indexOf('await loadRecords(') ?? -1)
+    expect(mountedBlock).not.toContain('await loadAdminUsers()')
+  })
+})

frontend/src/views/user/Settings.vue

@@ -812,12 +812,12 @@ function handleLanguageChange(value: string) {
 }
 
 onMounted(async () => {
-  await loadProfile()
+  const profilePromise = loadProfile()
   await Promise.all([
     loadPreferences(),
     loadSessions(),
-    loadOAuthBindings(),
     loadEmailConfigured(),
+    profilePromise.then(() => loadOAuthBindings()),
   ])
 })
 

frontend/src/views/user/WalletCenter.vue

@@ -781,6 +781,9 @@ const refundPage = ref(1)
 const refundPageSize = ref(20)
 
 const activeTab = ref('transactions')
+const loadedTabs = new Set<string>()
+const tabLoadPromises = new Map<string, Promise<void>>()
+let refundEligibilityLoaded = false
 let todayCostPollTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null
 
 const rechargeForm = reactive({
@@ -909,10 +912,6 @@ onMounted(async () => {
     await Promise.all([
       loadBalance(),
       loadTransactions(),
-      loadTodayCost(),
-      loadOrders(),
-      loadRefunds(),
-      loadRefundEligibility(),
       loadRechargeOptions(),
     ])
     syncTodayCostPolling()
@@ -926,8 +925,9 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
   document.removeEventListener('visibilitychange', handleVisibilityChange)
 })
 
-watch(activeTab, () => {
+watch(activeTab, (tab) => {
   syncTodayCostPolling()
+  void loadActiveTab(tab)
 })
 
 watch(refundableOrders, () => {
@@ -961,6 +961,7 @@ async function loadTransactions() {
     flowItems.value = resp.items
     txTotal.value = resp.total
     todayUsage.value = resp.today_entry
+    loadedTabs.add('transactions')
   } catch (error) {
     log.error('加载钱包流水失败:', error)
     showError(parseApiError(error, '加载钱包流水失败'))
@@ -1009,6 +1010,7 @@ async function loadOrders() {
     const resp = await walletApi.listRechargeOrders({ limit: orderPageSize.value, offset })
     rechargeOrders.value = resp.items
     orderTotal.value = resp.total
+    loadedTabs.add('orders')
     syncRefundOrderSelection()
   } catch (error) {
     log.error('加载充值订单失败:', error)
@@ -1027,6 +1029,7 @@ async function loadRefundEligibility() {
         .map(item => item.trim().toLowerCase())
         .filter(Boolean)
     )
+    refundEligibilityLoaded = true
     syncRefundOrderSelection()
   } catch (error) {
     refundEligiblePaymentMethods.value = new Set()
@@ -1043,6 +1046,7 @@ async function loadRefunds() {
     const resp = await walletApi.listRefunds({ limit: refundPageSize.value, offset })
     refunds.value = resp.items
     refundTotal.value = resp.total
+    loadedTabs.add('refunds')
   } catch (error) {
     log.error('加载退款记录失败:', error)
     showError(parseApiError(error, '加载退款记录失败'))
@@ -1051,6 +1055,31 @@ async function loadRefunds() {
   }
 }
 
+function loadActiveTab(tab: string): Promise<void> {
+  const tabIsLoaded = tab === 'refunds'
+    ? loadedTabs.has('refunds') && loadedTabs.has('orders') && refundEligibilityLoaded
+    : loadedTabs.has(tab)
+  if (tabIsLoaded) return Promise.resolve()
+  const existing = tabLoadPromises.get(tab)
+  if (existing) return existing
+
+  const request = (async () => {
+    if (tab === 'orders') {
+      await loadOrders()
+    } else if (tab === 'refunds') {
+      const requests: Promise<void>[] = []
+      if (!loadedTabs.has('refunds')) requests.push(loadRefunds())
+      if (!refundEligibilityLoaded) requests.push(loadRefundEligibility())
+      if (!loadedTabs.has('orders')) requests.push(loadOrders())
+      await Promise.all(requests)
+    }
+  })().finally(() => {
+    if (tabLoadPromises.get(tab) === request) tabLoadPromises.delete(tab)
+  })
+  tabLoadPromises.set(tab, request)
+  return request
+}
+
 async function refreshRefundPanel() {
   await Promise.all([loadRefunds(), loadRefundEligibility(), loadOrders()])
 }